Botany Practical 2
Thorns are obtained from shoots. Spines are obtained from leaves and prickles are derived from the epidermis. They all are related to anti-herbivore defense mechanisms of plants.
Differentiate between spine, thorn, and prickle.
Eudicot
Is this stem vascular bundle from a monocot or a eudicot?
Dicot Root; Prostele
Monocot or Dicot? If dicot, specify stele.
Dicot Stem; Eustele
Monocot or Dicot? If dicot, specify stele.
Monocot Stem; Atactostele
Monocot or Dicot? If dicot, specify stele.
netted
Netted or parallel venation?
parallel
Netted or parallel venation?
Collenchyma
Parenchyma, sclerenchyma, or collenchyma?
Parenchyma
Parenchyma, sclerenchyma, or collenchyma?
Sclerenchyma
Parenchyma, sclerenchyma, or collenchyma?
Sclerenchyma (stone cells)
Parenchyma, sclerenchyma, or collenchyma?
Low
Are all pine leaves adapted to high, moderate, or low water?
Compound
Simple or compound?
Simple
Simple or compound?
simple
Simple or compound?
ground tissues (tissues that are not vascular or dermal)
The ground meristem gives rise to __________.
Apical meristem (of the apical bud)
The primary meristem is derived from _________.
primary vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)
The procambium gives rise to __________.
epidermis
The protoderm gives rise to __________.
Leaf Primordium
This is a Coleus stem tip. What is the structure labeled A?
Ground Meristem
This is a Coleus stem tip. What is the structure labeled C?
Bud Primordium
This is a Coleus stem tip. What is the structure labeled D?
Leaf Trace Gap
This is a Coleus stem tip. What is the structure labeled E?
Node
This is a Coleus stem tip. What is the structure labeled F?
Leaf Trace
This is a Coleus stem tip. What is the structure labeled G?
Protoderm
This is a Coleus stem tip. What is the structure labeled H?
Xenophitic
This is a _____ leaf.
Primary phloem fibers (sclerenchyma)
This is a cross section of an Alfalfa stem. It is a eudicot plant. What structure is A pointing to?
Stoma
This is a cross section of an Alfalfa stem. It is a eudicot plant. What structure is B pointing to?
Primary phloem (sugar)
This is a cross section of an Alfalfa stem. It is a eudicot plant. What structure is C pointing to?
Collenchyma
This is a cross section of an Alfalfa stem. It is a eudicot plant. What structure is D pointing to?
Parenchyma
This is a cross section of an Alfalfa stem. It is a eudicot plant. What structure is E pointing to?
Epidermis
This is a cross section of an Alfalfa stem. It is a eudicot plant. What structure is F pointing to?
Interfascicular cambium
This is a cross section of an Alfalfa stem. It is a eudicot plant. What structure is G pointing to?
Primary xylem
This is a cross section of an Alfalfa stem. It is a eudicot plant. What structure is H pointing to?
Fascicular cambium
This is a cross section of an Alfalfa stem. It is a eudicot plant. What structure is I pointing to?
Pith
This is a cross section of an Alfalfa stem. It is a eudicot plant. What structure is J pointing to?
Cuticle
This is a transverse section of an oleander leaf. What is structure A?
Vein
This is a transverse section of an oleander leaf. What is structure B?
Upper multiple epidermis
This is a transverse section of an oleander leaf. What is structure C?
Xylem
This is a transverse section of s lilac leaf. What structure is A?
Bundle sheath
This is a transverse section of s lilac leaf. What structure is B?
Palisade parenchyma
This is a transverse section of s lilac leaf. What structure is C?
upper epidermis
This is a transverse section of s lilac leaf. What structure is D?
lower epidermis
This is a transverse section of s lilac leaf. What structure is E?
stoma
This is a transverse section of s lilac leaf. What structure is F?
phloem
This is a transverse section of s lilac leaf. What structure is G?
tichome
This is a transverse section of s lilac leaf. What structure is H?
spongy parenchyma
This is a transverse section of s lilac leaf. What structure is I?
Sieve element
This is a vascular bundle from a corn stem. What structure is A pointing to?
companion cell
This is a vascular bundle from a corn stem. What structure is B pointing to?
Metaxylem vessel
This is a vascular bundle from a corn stem. What structure is C and D pointing to?
sclerenchyma sheath
This is a vascular bundle from a corn stem. What structure is E pointing to?
space (protoxylem lacuna)
This is a vascular bundle from a corn stem. What structure is F pointing to?
It is a large, bubble-haped epidermal cells that are located on the upper surface of leaves in monocots.
What is a bulliform cell?
Collenchyma cells mainly form supporting tissue. They are found mainly in the cortex of stems and in leaves.
What is collenchyma's function and where is it located?
Parenchyma tissue makes up most of the pith and cortex of trees, the photosynthetic tissue in leaves, the pulp of fruits, and the endosperm of many seeds.
What is parenchyma's function, and where is it located?
The major function of sclerenchyma is support. Unlike collenchyma, mature cells of this tissue are generally dead and have thick walls containing lignin. Their size, shape, and structure vary greatly.
What is sclerenchyma's function, and where is it located?
The fascicular region is located between the xylem and phloem of a vascular bundle, and is primary meristem and then transformed into secondary meristem. Whereas, the interfascicular region is the space between two vascular bundles, and it is secondary meristem.
What is the difference between fascicular and interfascicular regions?
alternate
What kind of leaf attachment (Phyllotaxy) is this?
opposite
What kind of leaf attachment (Phyllotaxy) is this?
whorled
What kind of leaf attachment (Phyllotaxy) is this?
Sessile
What kind of leaf morphology?
Palmately netted venation
What kind of venation netting?
Pinnately netted venation
What kind of venation netting?
Bi-Pinnately Compound
What leaf structure is this?
Bud scales (Cataphylls) of woody plants; pear tree
What modified leaf is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Climbing leaves (Tendrils); Squash, Peas
What modified leaf is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Floral leaves (Bracts); Poinsettia, Dogwood
What modified leaf is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Insect-Trapping leaves; pitcher plants, sundews, venus flytrap, bladderworts
What modified leaf is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Needle leaves; Pine
What modified leaf is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Reproductive leaves; Mother of Millions
What modified leaf is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Scale or Awl-like leaves; Cedars
What modified leaf is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Storage leaves; aloe, other succulents
What modified leaf is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Storage leaves; onion
What modified leaf is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Window leaves; Window Plant
What modified leaf is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Bulb; garlic, onion, tulip
What modified stem is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Cladophyll; christmas cactus, alligator pear cactus, butcher's broom
What modified stem is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Corm; gladiolus, crocus, taro
What modified stem is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Prickle; rose
What modified stem is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Psedobulb; orchid
What modified stem is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Runner or stolon; strawberry, grasses
What modified stem is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Tendrils; grape, boston ivy, virginia creeper
What modified stem is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Thorn; honey locust, hawthorn
What modified stem is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Tuber; irish potato, artichoke
What modified stem is this, and give an example of a plant that has it.
Rhizome; Iris, ginger
What modified stem is this, and give an example of a plant that has it?
location of axial bud
What would you need to know to determine if this is several simple leaves or one compound leaf?
Acute
When differentiating leaves, we look at the apex (tip). What kind of apex is A?
Truncate
When differentiating leaves, we look at the apex (tip). What kind of apex is B?
Apiculate
When differentiating leaves, we look at the apex (tip). What kind of apex is C?
Cordate
When differentiating leaves, we look at the base. What kind of base is A?
Truncate
When differentiating leaves, we look at the base. What kind of base is B?
Acute
When differentiating leaves, we look at the base. What kind of base is C?
Entire
When differentiating leaves, we look at the margin (edge). What kind of margin is A?
Serrate
When differentiating leaves, we look at the margin (edge). What kind of margin is B?
Dentate
When differentiating leaves, we look at the margin (edge). What kind of margin is C?
B
Which is the stele type of dicot stems?
B. Bulliform cell
Which structure is responsible for opening and closing the leaf via turgor pressure?
