C&A Exam 5

Which of the following is consistent with the textbook's recommendations regarding what we consume?

people need to have a positive relationship with food

Which of the following is NOT one of the four components of exercise?

pleasure

Through brain imaging data, thicker prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortical areas and thicker right hippocampal areas have been demonstrated in the brains of those who __

practice mindfulness meditation

Through brain imaging data, thicker prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortical areas and thicker right hippocampal areas have been demonstrated in the brains of those who _______.

practice mindfulness meditation

__ was a program for at-risk youth that engaged teens in artistic activities to enhance their mental health and self-reliance

project self-discovery

Within her view of addiction, Hanna Pickard PhD., argues for

responsibility without blame

Meaningful engagement of talents might be helpful for people recovering from addictions because it could help them reconnect with natural rewards

true

Mindfulness meditation is believed to promote neurogenesis (growth of neurons)

true

Mindfulness meditation is believed to promote neurogenesis (growth of neurons).

true

One study demonstrated that people treated with MBRP were less likely to be have relapsed one year after treatment compared to people treated with standard RP program

true

One study demonstrated that people treated with MBRP were less likely to have relapsed one year after treatment compared to people treated with standard RP program.

true

Which of the following activities are commonly integrated into mindfulness-based interventions? There may be more than one correct answer. select all that apply

yoga meditation

Runners high is believed to be due to release of which of the following neurochemicals?

both of these

What's the relationship between microbiota and substances that people abuse?

both of these

Why might mindfulness meditation practices help someone who is recovering from an addiction?

both of these

If people learn to endure a craving without acting on it, then they can weaken the brain connections between cues that trigger craving and behaviors linked to drug use

true

In numerous studies, exercise has been shown to have a small-to-moderate effect on depression

true

In order to avoid weight gain, energy intake must not exceed energy expenditure.

true

Lambert suggests that her "worker" rats had developed _______ as a result of being raised with effort-driven rewards.

behavioral flexibility

Increased rates of depression are associated with a decrease in physical tasks that enhance survival, or effort-driven rewards.

true

Feeling exhilarated or "buzzed" during and/or after a period of jogging or intense exercise is called __

'runners high'

Which of the following is a reccommendation from the USDA food pyramid with regard to physical activity? There may be more than one correct answer. Select all that apply.

Adults wishing to lose weight should engage in 60-90 min of psychical activity Children should engage in a minimum of 60 min daily

Athletes such as LeBron James, Simone Biles, Michael Phelps, and Patrick Mahomes have seemingly supernatural physical abilities. If you had to guess, which of Gardner's types of intelligence would best describe their unique abilities?

Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence

Which of the following individuals is likely to experience flow? There may be more than one correct answer.

Kathy, an art student who discovered a hidden shape while working with a piece of stone Dolly, an elderly woman who has completed the New York Times crossword puzzle for the last 40 years while she is working on a puzzle Bob, an amateur knife maker when he is putting the finishing touches on a new knife he is creating Harvey, a linguistically inclined professor fascinated by additions while writing a book on the topic

Psychologists need to have the ability to recognize and understand their own lives as well as an ability to recognize and understand other people's moods, desires, motivations, and intentions. What three types of intelligence would be required to be successful in this profession?

Linguistic intelligence Intrapersonal intelligence Interpersonal intelligence

Dr. Jon Kabat-Zinn developed which of the following?

MBSR (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction)

There are numerous arguments associated with the "addiction is a choice" point of view. Select the statements below that fit with this argue. There may be more than one correct answer, so choose all that apply.

People can choose to moderate their consumption. Drugs are inanimate objects

Which of the following are considered broad pleasure dimensions Personal Pleasure Inventory (PPI)? There may be more than one correct answer.

Physical expression aesthetic discovery collective harmony self-focus

The notion that addiction is a choice is most closely associated with ___

Stanton Peele and Jeffery Shaler

Which of the following is associated with a feeling of flow? There may be more than one correct answer.

The perception that time passed faster than normal A sense that the activity is intrinsically rewarding The feeling like you are fully in the present

Which of the following best describes the results of Kelly Lambert's Trust Fund rat study?

Worker rats persevered longer on test day and showed less emotional distress than Trust Fund rats

The experience of flow would likely occur when __

a person feels competent and fulfilled while completely absorbed in a creative activity

The advantage of someone adopting a grazing eating schedule is __

a person may be less likely to feel hungry

Which of the following individuals is likely to experience flow? There may be more than one correct answer.

a student who loves comparing shapes and angles in a introduction to geometry class

According to Beck's CBT-based suggestions for dieting, what should you do if you "slip" on your diet and eat foods you weren't supposed to eat?

acknowledge the slip, but then got back on track

Neuroscientist and former opioid addict Marc Lewis, PhD., argues that brain changes produced as a result of addiction reflect __

addiction is a learned behavior

Meat, poultry, eggs, fish, and dairy products are good sources of ___

all of these

What is "urge surfing"?

an MBRP technique to help deal with cravings

Which of the following is consistent with the USDA food pyramind?

at least 50% of grains consumed should be whole grains

Surgeons, dancers, professional athletes and mechanics all have jobs that require coordinated movements. What type of intelligence do these professionals have in common?

bodily-kinesthetic intelligence

Lambert suggests that her "worker" rats had developed __ as a result being raised with effort-driven rewards

behavioral flexibility

Progoff's process meditation involves which of the following?

intensive journal writing

Which of the following or Judith Beck's suggestions for dieting, based on CBT principles? There may be more than one correct answer. Select all that apply

change your definition of full pick a reasonable goal eat slowly and mindfully

Kelly Lambert suggest that __ rates increased during the last century because of changes in our lifestyles (including technological advances that influence how people make a living)

depression

Which of the following is associated with mindfulness-based interventions when used to treat addiction?

decreased rate of relapse

According to Lambert, the accumbens-striatal-cortical network is involved in ___

effort-driven rewards

Why might exercise be beneficial for someone trying to recover from an addiction?

exercise boosts levels of endorphins and catecholamines (dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine) in the brain, promoting good feelings

According to a review by Raynor and colleagues (2015), the majority of studies investigating "grazing" eating scheduled showed significant weight loss in human participants and animal subjects

false

Although exercise burns calories, the calorie burn ends as soon as the exercise sessions stops

false

In a series of studies that included exercise as part of an alcohol treatment program, participants who engaged in exercise were more prone to relapse and rated their quality of life as poor

false

In order to lose weight, one should engage in isometric, instead of aerobic, exercise

false

There are no data supporting the use of nutritional supplements to enhance treatment for substance abuse

false

Macronutrients include ___

fats, carbs, and proteins

During some activities, you may lose a sense of yourself resulting in a feeling of competency and contentment. What do psychologists call this feeling?

flow

What term best describes the optimal interaction between challenge and skill?

flow

With the start "low and go slow" prescription for introducing exercise into a person's lifestyle, try to establish the ____ component of exercise and then build on the other components

frequency

If trying to implement an exercise program to help someone who is trying to get off of substances, which of the following would be good advice?

if the person is in opioid or alcohol withdrawals, wait until physical illness has subsided before trying to start the exercise

Progoff's Process Meditation involves which of the following?

intensive journal writing

Psychologists, teachers, salespeople, managers, and public relations experts all have jobs that require the ability to understand the intentions, motivations, and desires of other people and consequently to work effectively with others. What type of intelligence do these professions have in common?

interpersonal intelligence

People who score high on interpersonal intelligence also tend to score high on ___

intrapersonal intelligence

William Shakespeare was England's most famous playwright whose plays are still performed even though they are over 300 years ago. We can't go back in time to give him an intelligence test, but if you had to guess, what type of intelligence best describes his talent?

linguistic intelligence

Albert Einstein was a famous physicist who discovered the theory of relativity. Many people consider him to be a true genius, however, you can't go back in time to give him an intelligence test. If you had to guess, which Gardner's types of intelligence would best describe his unique ability?

logical-mathematical intelligence

The textbook suggests that mindfulness meditation may induce brain changes by __

lowering stress hormones and increasing brain growth factors

The textbook suggests that mindfulness meditation may induce brain changes by ______.

lowering stress hormones and increasing brain growth factors.

Gardner's multiple intelligences are most closely relevant to the concept of __

meaningful engagement of talents

Gardner's multiple intelligences are most closely relevant to the concept of__

meaningful engagement of talents

According to Langer, ___ is a flexible state of mind, openess to novelty, sensitive to context, in which we are situated in the present.

mindfulness

According to Langer, _________ is a flexible state of mind, openness to novelty, sensitive to context, in which we are situated in the present.

mindfulness

Overall, the textbook would recommend which of the following for those wanting to lose weight?

moderate your intake

Billie Eillish (singer), Beethoven (classical composer), and Yo-Yo Ma (cellist) have unique abilities to create and play perform. If you had to guess, which of Gardner's types of intelligence would best describe their unique abilities?

musical intelligence

Singers, composers, and DJ's all have jobs that require the ability to recognize and create pitch, rhythm, timbre, and tone. What type of intelligence do these professions have in common?

musical intelligence

Rap artists such as Jay-Z, Kayne West, and Eminem, combine sophisticated lyrics with rhythmic musical patterns. What two types of intelligence do they most likely have in common?

musical intelligence linguistic intelligence

Foods such as eggs, meat, and fish are good sources of amino acids, which your brain needs in order to manufacture ___

neurotransmitters

Lambert argues that depression symptoms correspond to low levels of activity in the accumbens-striatal-cortico network. Match the components of the network with the symptomology associated with depression.

nucleus accumbens - lack of pleasure, negative feelings striatum - sluggishness, slow movements frontal cortex - poor concentration

Roger has been into exercising for several years. At this point, he exercises for 90 minutes at a time, 3 times per day, 7 days per week. He recently injured himself, although he keeps pushing himself to continue exercising.......which of the following should be our concern?

roger might have an exercise addiction

Which of the following is a key component of MORE that distinguishes this program from ACT and MBRP?

savoring healthy experiences and natural rewards

According to Maslow's hierarchy, the need at the top of the hierarchy, which is achieved after all other needs are met, is __

self-actualization

A dietary deficiency in the amino acid tryptophan would result in lower levels of which of the following neurotransmitters?

serotonin

Which of the following fits with class/text discussion about partial fasting?

some people find partial fasting highly aversive because of feeling hungry

Frank Lloyd Wright was a famous architect who created homes and buildings of unique shapes, including the Guggenheim museum in NYC. You can't go back in time to give him an intelligence test. If you had to guess, which of Gardner's types of intelligence would best describe his unique ability?

spatial intelligence

Mindfulness-based interventions might be helpful for those struggling with substance abuse because mindfulness interventions decrease __, a known trigger for relapse

stress

Mindfulness-based interventions might be helpful for those struggling with substance abuse because mindfulness interventions decrease _______, a known trigger for relapse.

stress

Which of the following is a problem linked to programs that use exercise as part of substance abuse treatment?

the amount/frequency/intensity of exercise is not sufficient to have an effect

Psychical expression, self-focus, aesthetic discovery, and collective harmony are the four domains of __

the personal pleasure inventory

The text suggests using __ to find enjoyable activities to integrate into our lives

the personal pleasure inventory

A researcher takes a fecal sample from a slender rat (donor) and implants it in the gastrointestinal tract of a rat (recipient) given access to a high-fat diet. What will happen?

the recipient rat will not become obese

If a person is engaging in mindfulness, which of the following is true?

they are focused on the present moment

Select the statements below that are consistent with Hanna Pickard's view of addiction. There may be more than one correct answer. Select all that apply.

to understand why people who use drugs, we need to consider the context of the person's life drugs serve a purpose for the individual who abuses them

Which of the following is NOT one of the Gardner's multiple intelligences?

transcendental

The people who are thought to be most prone to becoming addicted to exercise are those who are driven by body image concerns

true

The positive psychology principles from MORE are thought to help people recovering from an addiction to regain their sensitivity to natural rewards

true

The positive psychology principles from MORE are thought to help people recovering from an addiction to regain their sensitivity to natural rewards.

true

Without the proper micronutrients in your diet, your brain could have neurotransmitter deficiencies

true

meaningful engagement of talents might be helpful for people recovering from addictions because it could help them reconnect with natural rewards.

true