Cardiovascular System Lab

Bicuspid valve

Also called the mitral valve, The valve(s) does not close completely, causing the blood to flow backward through the valve. This results in leakage of blood back back into the atria from the ventricles (in the case of the mitral and tricuspid valves) or leakage of blood back into the ventricles (in the case of the aortic and pulmonary valves).

tidal volume

Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during a normal breath

Right and Left Atria

Blood enters the heart through the two atria and exits through the two ventricles. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium through the inferior and superior vena cava. The right side of the heart then pumps this deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary veins around the lungs.

Superior & Inferior Vena Cava

Either of two large veins that carry blood with low levels of oxygen to the right atrium of the heart. ◇ The superior vena cava receives blood from the brain and upper limbs or forelimbs. The inferior vena cava drains blood from the trunk and lower limbs or hindlimbs and is the largest vein in the body.

What is the function of the right and left ventricles?

It is located in the bottom left portion of the heart below the left atrium, separated by the mitral valve. The left ventricle is the thickest of the heart's chambers and is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to tissues all over the body. By contrast, the right ventricle solely pumps blood to the lungs.

Chordae tendineae

Papillary muscles- located in the ventricles of the heart. They attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves (a.k.a. the mitral and tricuspid valves) via the chordae tendineae and contract to prevent inversion or prolapse of these valves.

Right and Left Pulmonary Veins

Pulmonary veins are responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the left atrium of the heart. This differentiates the pulmonary veins from other veins in the body, which are used to carry deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body back to the heart. ... These carry blood from the right lung.

Right and Left Pulmonary Arteries

The main artery splits into the left pulmonary artery and the right pulmonary artery, each of which directs the blood to the corresponding lung.

Why are there 2 pulmonary arteries?

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. The blood here passes through capillaries adjacent to alveoli and becomes oxygenated as part of the process of respiration. In contrast to the pulmonary arteries, the bronchial arteries supply nutrition to the lungs themselves.

Pulmonary Trunk

The pulmonary trunk is a major vessel of the human heart that originates from the right ventricle. It branches into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which lead to the lungs.

Right and Left Ventricles

The right ventricle is one of the heart's four chambers. ... As deoxygenated blood flows into the right atrium, it passes through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle, which pumps the blood up through the pulmonary valve and through the pulmonary artery to the lungs.

Septum

The septum of the heart is the dividing wall between the right and left sides of the heart. That portion of the septum that separates the two upper chambers (the right and left atria) of the heart is termed the atrial (or interatrial) septum while the portion of the septum that lies between the two lower chambers (the right and left ventricles) of the heart is called the ventricular (or interventricular) septum.

tricuspid valve

The tricuspid valve, or right atrioventricular valve, is on the right dorsal side of the mammalian heart, between the right atrium and the right ventricle. The function of the valve is to prevent back flow of blood into the right atrium.

Aortic Semilunar Valve

a semilunar valve between the aorta and the left ventricle of the heart that prevents the blood from flowing back into the left ventricle.

pulmonary ventilation

movement of air into and out of the lungs

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

semilunar valves are the valves present in the pulmonary artery and aorta . Pulmonary semilunar valve will prevent back flow of blood into the right ventricle while being carried away to the lungs by the pulmonary artery for oxygenation

What is the function of the pulmonary trunk?

t branches into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which lead to the lungs. ... In the lungs, the blood becomes purified and oxygenated again.

What is the function of the pulmonary arteries and veins?

the blood within your arteries is oxygenated. The exception to this rule is found in the pulmonary arteries, which carry deoxygenated blood away from your heart to your lungs, where it will become oxygenated before returning to your heart through the pulmonary veins

Aorta

the main artery of the body, transporting blood out of the heart to the smaller arteries that distribute it to the limbs and all organs except for the lungs. An arterial blood vessel that takes blood from the heart to the rest of the body is an example of an aorta.