CCNA 1-V7 MODULES 8-10

1. What is the prefix length notation for the subnet mask 255.255.255.224?

1. C. 255.255.255.224 contains 27 continuous 1 bits.

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Medical LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?

192.168.191.189

39. What happens when the transport input ssh command is entered on the switch vty lines?

Communication between the switch and remote users is encrypted.

6. Which statement describes a feature of the IP protocol?

IP relies on upper layer services to handle situations of missing or out-of-order packets.

62. What property of ARP allows hosts on a LAN to send traffic to remote networks?

Local hosts learn the MAC address of the default gateway.

47. What are two potential network problems that can result from ARP operation? (Choose two.)

On large networks with low bandwidth, multiple ARP broadcasts could cause data communication delays. Network attackers could manipulate MAC address and IP address mappings in ARP messages with the intent of intercepting network traffic

2. A computer has to send a packet to a destination host in the same LAN. How will the packet be sent?

The packet will be sent directly to the destination host.

38. The global configuration command ip default-gateway 172.16.100.1 is applied to a switch. What is the effect of this command?

The switch can be remotely managed from a host on another network.

67. What property of ARP causes the NICs receiving an ARP request to pass the data portion of the Ethernet frame to the ARP process?

The type field 0x806 appears in the header of the Ethernet frame.

51. Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains a 32-bit binary value associated with an interface on the sending device?

source IPv4 address

36. What are two functions of NVRAM? (Choose two.)

to retain contents when power is removed to store the startup configuration file

15. A network administrator is variably subnetting a network. The smallest subnet has a mask of 255.255.255.224. How many usable host addresses will this subnet provide?

15. D. The 255.255.255.224 subnet mask or a /27 prefix length results in 28 continuous 1 bits, which indicates the network portion of the address. This leaves 5 bits for the host portion. 25 - 2 bits (for the network and broadcast addresses) equals 30 valid host addresses.

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Registrar LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?

192.168.225.223

6. What are the minimum and maximum sizes of an Ethernet frame? (Choose two.)

6. B and E. The minimum size of an Ethernet frame is 64 bytes. The expected maximum size of an Ethernet frame is 1518 bytes. The maximum might be higher, such as when VLAN tagging is required.

37. A router boots and enters setup mode. What is the reason for this?

The configuration file is missing from NVRAM.

64. What property of ARP forces all Ethernet NICs to process an ARP request?

The destination MAC address FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF appears in the header of the Ethernet frame.

1. Which network device makes forwarding decisions based only on the destination MAC address that is contained in a frame?

1. C. An Ethernet switch examines the destination MAC address and looks for a matching entry in its MAC address table to make a forwarding decision.

9. What are two services provided by the OSI network layer? (Choose two.)

1.) Routing packets toward the destination 2.) Encapsulating PDUs from the transport layer

10. Which of the following are components of an IPv4 address? (Choose two.)

10. B and D. The two portions of an IPv4 address are the network portion and the host portion, as determined by the subnet mask.

10. What is the special value assigned to the first 24 bits of a multicast MAC address?

10. D. 01-00-5E means that this is a multicast Ethernet frame, and it is meant for devices belonging to this specific multicast group indicated by the following 24 bits.

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Manager LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?

10.118.62.196

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Service LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?

192.168.167.166

3. What does the LLC sublayer do?

3. B. The LLC communicates with upper-layer protocols, such as IPv4 or IPv6.

3. Which subnet mask would be used if 5 host bits are available?

3. C. 255.255.255.224, or /27, contains 27 continuous 1 bits. This leaves 5 bits for host addresses.

4. A network administrator subnets the 192.168.10.0/24 network into subnets with /26 masks. How many equal-sized subnets are created?

4. C. A 192.168.10.0/24 network subnetted using a /26 prefix extends the subnet mask 2 bits, from /24 to /26. 22 = 4 subnets.

60. What property of ARP allows MAC addresses of frequently used servers to be fixed in the ARP table?

A static IP-to-MAC address entry can be entered manually into an ARP table.

29. Where are IPv4 address to Layer 2 Ethernet address mappings maintained on a host computer?

ARP cache

20. What statement describes the function of the Address Resolution Protocol?

ARP is used to discover the MAC address of any host on the local network.

5. What subnet mask is represented by the slash notation /20?

C. /20 is 20 continuous 1 bits, calculated as follows: 255 = 8 1 bits 255 = 8 1 bits 240 = 4 1 bits 0 = 0 1 bits Total = 20 1 bits

59. What property of ARP causes cached IP-to-MAC mappings to remain in memory longer?

Entries in an ARP table are time-stamped and are purged after the timeout expires.

32. A new network administrator has been asked to enter a banner message on a Cisco device. What is the fastest way a network administrator could test whether the banner is properly configured?

Exit privileged EXEC mode and press Enter.

19. When transporting data from real-time applications, such as streaming audio and video, which field in the IPv6 header can be used to inform the routers and switches to maintain the same path for the packets in the same conversation?

Flow Label

43. Refer to the exhibit. Consider the IP address configuration shown from PC1. What is a description of the default gateway address?

It is the IP address of the Router1 interface that connects the PC1 LAN to Router1.

55. Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header used to limit the lifetime of a packet?

TTL

24. A network technician issues the arp -d * command on a PC after the router that is connected to the LAN is reconfigured. What is the result after this command is issued?

The ARP cache is cleared.

5. A computer can access devices on the same network but cannot access devices on other networks. What is the probable cause of this problem?

The computer has an invalid default gateway address.

66. What property of ARP causes the request to be flooded out all ports of a switch except for the port receiving the ARP request?

The destination MAC address FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF appears in the header of the Ethernet frame.

21. Under which two circumstances will a switch flood a frame out of every port except the port that the frame was received on? (Choose two.)

The frame has the broadcast address as the destination address. The destination address is unknown to the switch.

65. What property of ARP causes a reply only to the source sending an ARP request?

The source MAC address appears in the header of the Ethernet frame.

22. Which statement describes the treatment of ARP requests on the local link?

They are received and processed by every device on the local network.

18. How do hosts ensure that their packets are directed to the correct network destination?

They have to keep their own local routing table that contains a route to the loopback interface, a local network route, and a remote default route.​

11. What is a basic characteristic of the IP protocol?

connectionless

The packet will be sent directly to the destination host.

create a new Layer 2 Ethernet frame to be sent to the destination

42. Which three commands are used to set up secure access to a router through a connection to the console interface? (Choose three.)

line console 0 login password cisco

26. Which two types of IPv6 messages are used in place of ARP for address resolution?

neighbor solicitation neighbor advertisement

44. Which two functions are primary functions of a router? (Choose two.)

packet forwarding path selection

28. Refer to the exhibit. PC1 attempts to connect to File_server1 and sends an ARP request to obtain a destination MAC address. Which MAC address will PC1 receive in the ARP reply?

the MAC address of the G0/0 interface on R1

8. Which parameter does the router use to choose the path to the destination when there are multiple routes available?

the lower metric value that is associated with the destination network

27. What is the aim of an ARP spoofing attack?

to associate IP addresses to the wrong MAC address

56. Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains a 4-bit binary value set to 0100?

version

58. Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains a 4-bit binary value set to 0100?

version

12. What is auto-MDIX?

12. D. Auto-MDIX allows the use of either a straight-through or crossover cable on a port.

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Store LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?

172.20.132.13

45. What is the effect of using the Router# copy running-config startup-config command on a router?

The contents of NVRAM will change.

1. Which information is used by routers to forward a data packet toward its destination?

destination IP address

52. Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header used to detect corruption in the IPv4 header?

header checksum

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Payroll LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?

10.27.14.148

11. What will a host on an Ethernet network do if it receives a frame with a destination MAC address that does not match its own MAC address?

11. A. The host will discard the frame. The destination MAC address is at the beginning of the frame so the device can immediately determine whether it is the destination of the frame.

4. Which IPv4 address can a host use to ping the loopback interface?

127.0.0.1

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Service LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?

172.29.157.156

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Medical LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?

192.168.201.200

6. Which statement is true about variable-length subnet masking?

6. B. VLSM allows for the option to subnet any subnet further as long as there are enough host bits to do so. This makes possible a variety of sizes of subnets or networks.

23. Which destination address is used in an ARP request frame?

FFFF.FFFF.FFFF

14. What IPv4 header field identifies the upper layer protocol carried in the packet?

Protocol

16. What information does the loopback test provide?

The TCP/IP stack on the device is working correctly.

46. What will happen if the default gateway address is incorrectly configured on a host?

The host cannot communicate with hosts in other networks.

12. Which field in the IPv4 header is used to prevent a packet from traversing a network endlessly?

Time-to-Live

54. Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains a unicast, multicast, or broadcast address?

destination IPv4 address

30. What important information is examined in the Ethernet frame header by a Layer 2 device in order to forward the data onward?

destination MAC address

13. What is one advantage that the IPv6 simplified header offers over IPv4?

efficient packet handling

5. What happens to a runt frame received by a Cisco Ethernet switch?

5. A. Cisco switches drop runt frames.

8. How many usable IPv4 addresses are available on the 192.168.1.0/27 network?

8. D. A network address with a /27 prefix length contains 27 continuous 1 bits. This leaves 5 bits for host addresses, or 25 - 2 (for the network and broadcast addresses), which equals 30 valid hosts addresses.

9. What statement describes MAC addresses?

9. A. Although there are some situations in which duplicates may purposely occur, the vast majority of Ethernet MAC addresses are globally unique.

9. Which subnet mask would be used if exactly 4 host bits are available?

9. C. 255.255.255.240 is 28 continuous 1 bits. This leaves 4 host bits.

7. Why is NAT not needed in IPv6?​

Any host or user can get a public IPv6 network address because the number of available IPv6 addresses is extremely large.​

41. Match the configuration mode with the command that is available in that mode. (Not all options are used.)

Explanation: The enable command is entered at the R1> prompt. The login command is entered at the R1(config-line)# prompt. The copy running-config startup-config command is entered at the R1# prompt. The interface fastethernet 0/0 command is entered at the R1(config)# prompt.

68. What property of ARP causes the NICs receiving an ARP request to pass the data portion of the Ethernet frame to the ARP process?

The type field 0x806 appears in the header of the Ethernet frame.

50. Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains an 8-bit binary value used to determine the priority of each packet?

differentiated services

57. Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header used to identify the next level protocol?

protocol

17. What routing table entry has a next hop address associated with a destination network?

remote routes

11. If a network device has a mask of /30, how many IPv4 addresses are available for hosts on this network?

11. C. A /30 prefix length means 30 1 bits indicating the network portion of the address, which leaves 2 bits for the host portion. 22 - 2 bits (for the network and broadcast addresses) equals 2 valid host addresses.

12. What does the IPv4 address 172.17.4.250/24 represent?

12. C. An AND operation between the IPv4 address 172.17.4.250 and subnet mask 255.255.255.0 (/24), results in a network address of 172.17.4.0 (all 0 bits in the host portion). The broadcast address for this network is 172.17.4.255 (all 1 bits in the host portion). This means 172.17.4.250 is neither a network address nor a broadcast address and is therefore a host address.

13. Which two functions or operations are performed by the MAC sublayer? (Choose two.)

13. A and C. The MAC sublayer is responsible for accessing the media, such as CSMA/CD with legacy hubs. It also adds framing, including both a header and trailer, to the encapsulated data.

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Store LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?

172.19.98.230

40. Refer to the exhibit. A user PC has successfully transmitted packets to www.cisco.com. Which IP address does the user PC target in order to forward its data off the local network?

172.20.0.254

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Registrar LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?

192.168.235.234

2. For which network device is the primary function to send data to a specific destination based on the information found in the MAC address table?

2. C. An Ethernet switch examines the destination MAC address and looks for a matching entry in its MAC address table to make a forwarding decision.

2. How many valid host addresses are available on an IPv4 subnet that is configured with a /26 mask?

2. D. A /26 mask means 26 1 bits indicating the network portion of the address, which leaves 6 bits for the host portion. 26 - 2 bits (for the network and broadcast addresses) equals 62 valid host addresses.

4. Which statement is true about MAC addresses?

4. C. The first 3 bytes of the MAC address, known as the OUI (organizationally unique identifier), are assigned to the vendor.

7. What addressing information does a switch record in order to build its MAC address table?

7. D. An Ethernet switch builds its MAC address table by examining and recording the source MAC addresses and incoming port numbers.

7. Why does a Layer 3 device perform the ANDing process on a destination IPv4 address and subnet mask?

7. D. The ANDing process on an IPv4 address and the subnet mask determines the network portion of an address.

10. Within a production network, what is the purpose of configuring a switch with a default gateway address?

The default gateway address is used to forward packets originating from the switch to remote networks.

25. Refer to the exhibit. The exhibit shows a small switched network and the contents of the MAC address table of the switch. PC1 has sent a frame addressed to PC3. What will the switch do with the frame?

The switch will forward the frame to all ports except port 4.

49. Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header used to identify the next level protocol?

protocol

13. If a network device has a mask of /28, how many IP addresses are available for hosts on this network?

13. F. A /28 prefix length means 28 continuous 1 bits, which indicates the network portion of the address. This leaves 4 bits for the host portion. 24 - 2 bits (for the network and broadcast addresses) equals 14 valid host addresses.

14. What is the purpose of the subnet mask in conjunction with an IPv4 address?

14. C. The ANDing process is used between an IPv4 address and its subnet mask to determine the network address for that device.

8. Which two characteristics describe Ethernet technology? (Choose two.)

8. A and D. IEEE 802.3 is the IEEE standard for Ethernet. It uses unique MAC addresses to determine the Ethernet frame sent to and processed by the correct end device.

14. What type of address is 01-00-5E-0A-00-02?

14. D. 01-00-5E means that this is a multicast Ethernet frame, and it is meant for devices belonging to this specific multicast group indicated by the following 24 bits.