Cell Transport
Why is osmosis different from regular diffusion?
- It is specifically diffusion of water - There is a selectively permeable membrane
What are the things Osmotic Pressure can do?
- can cause an animal cell in a hypertonic solution to shrink, and one in a hypotonic solution to swell - can cause a cell to burst
Give an example of an organism that uses the process of phagocytosis
Amoebas use phagocytosis for taking in food
Where do Osmosis molecules move from and to?
An area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
What allows water to pass right through the cell membrane?
Aquaporins
What is the driving force behind the movement of many substances across the cell membrane?
Diffusion
What is the end result of diffusion?
Equilibrium
True or False: there can ONLY be two substances in a solution
False, there can be two, three, or even thirty substances (in other words, there can be more than two substances)
True or False: Active Transport DOES NOT require energy
False: Active Transport DOES REQUIRE energy
True or False: A hyptonic solution is when the concentration of two solutions is the same
False: Isotonic is when two solutions have the same concentration
True or False: Molecules DO NOT stop moving once they reach equilibrium
False: Molecules DO stop moving once equilibrium is reached
What is a solution?
Mixture of multiple substances where molecules freely intermingle
Concentration gradients
Molecules always move down gradient
What is Passive Transport?
Movement of materials across the cell membrane without using cellular energy
What is Active Transport?
Movement of materials against a concentration difference
Define endocytosis
Process of taking material into the cell by means of infloldings, or pockets, of a membrane
Define pinocytosis
Process where many cells take up liquid from the surrounding environment
Active transport of small molecules or ions across a cell membrane is generally carried out by what?
Transport proteins that are found in the membrane itself
True or False: Molecules move downwards without costing the cell any energy
True
True or False: Once a solution mixes, it stays that way forever
True
Define phagocytosis
Type of endocytosis, in which extensions of cytoplams surrounda particle and package it within a food vacuole
Define exocytosis
When cells release large amounts of material
What is equilibrium?
When molecules are as evenly spread out as they can be