Cell Transport

Why is osmosis different from regular diffusion?

- It is specifically diffusion of water - There is a selectively permeable membrane

What are the things Osmotic Pressure can do?

- can cause an animal cell in a hypertonic solution to shrink, and one in a hypotonic solution to swell - can cause a cell to burst

Give an example of an organism that uses the process of phagocytosis

Amoebas use phagocytosis for taking in food

Where do Osmosis molecules move from and to?

An area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

What allows water to pass right through the cell membrane?

Aquaporins

What is the driving force behind the movement of many substances across the cell membrane?

Diffusion

What is the end result of diffusion?

Equilibrium

True or False: there can ONLY be two substances in a solution

False, there can be two, three, or even thirty substances (in other words, there can be more than two substances)

True or False: Active Transport DOES NOT require energy

False: Active Transport DOES REQUIRE energy

True or False: A hyptonic solution is when the concentration of two solutions is the same

False: Isotonic is when two solutions have the same concentration

True or False: Molecules DO NOT stop moving once they reach equilibrium

False: Molecules DO stop moving once equilibrium is reached

What is a solution?

Mixture of multiple substances where molecules freely intermingle

Concentration gradients

Molecules always move down gradient

What is Passive Transport?

Movement of materials across the cell membrane without using cellular energy

What is Active Transport?

Movement of materials against a concentration difference

Define endocytosis

Process of taking material into the cell by means of infloldings, or pockets, of a membrane

Define pinocytosis

Process where many cells take up liquid from the surrounding environment

Active transport of small molecules or ions across a cell membrane is generally carried out by what?

Transport proteins that are found in the membrane itself

True or False: Molecules move downwards without costing the cell any energy

True

True or False: Once a solution mixes, it stays that way forever

True

Define phagocytosis

Type of endocytosis, in which extensions of cytoplams surrounda particle and package it within a food vacuole

Define exocytosis

When cells release large amounts of material

What is equilibrium?

When molecules are as evenly spread out as they can be