Ch. 1: The Evolution of Nursing

Name the three schools modeled after the Nightingale Plan that were established in the United States by the end of the nineteenth century.

1. 1873- Bellevue Hospital School of Nursing, New York 2. October 1873- Connecticut Training School, New Haven 3. November 1873- Boston Training School , Massachusetts General Hospital.

How does accreditation of a program differ from program approval?

Approved program: one that satisfies the minimum standards set by the state agency responsible for overseeing educational programs: for example, it meets the needs of the student, has adequate course content and qualified faculty, is of sufficient length, has adequate facilities, and provides clinical experience. Accreditation: is a higher standard that signifies that the accrediting organization has judged that a program has met its pre-established criteria. The administrators of the program seeking accreditation submit voluntarily to the accreditation process; they do so because of the recognition of quality it confers. The standards established by professional organizations that give accreditation are far higher than those established by the state.

Most states have some type of articulation plan. What is an articulation plan?

Articulation allows nursing programs to plan their curricula collaboratively; the purpose is to lessen duplication of learning experiences and support a process of progressive build up. The LVN may receive as much as 50% credit toward the associate degree; the associate degree-prepared registered nurse (RN) may receive as much as 50% credit toward the bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) degree. This process is sometimes referred to as a 1-plus-1 program or a 2-plus-2 program.

Identify the various societal factors that affect nursing.

Demographics of the population, women's health care issues, men in nursing, rising numbers of persons with fewer socioeconomic advantages seeking health care, and bio-terrorism threats are a few of the societal factors that influence nursing today.

What is meant by a holistic approach to medicine?

Holistic care requires that professionals from differing areas come together to provide comprehensive care.

List the distinguishing characteristics, roles, and responsibilities of the LPN/LVN.

Objective & Characteristics/ Vocational Nursing Education -To acquire the specialized knowledge and skills -To be a graduate of a state approved practical or vocational nursing program. -To take and pass the NCLEX-PN exam -To acquire a state license to practice Roles and Responsibilities -Demonstrate professional behaviors and professionalism -Communicate with patients and support persons effectively -Collect holistic assesment data from multiple sources -Collaborate with the RN and other health members -Demonstrate a caring and empathetic approach to each patient -Implement patient care, as appropriate

List the economic factors affecting health and illness.

Rising Health Care Costs a. Increasing number of aging Americans Baby boom generation nears the age of retirement, their health problems increase, nursing home care, which is costly and has limited coverage under traditional ins. plans b. Advances in technology Research and the development of technology cost million of dollars. Safeguards for the electronic health records add to the costs for health care. c. Health care insurance As more individuals sought care, the price of health care. Price of health care services and insurance costs spiraled. d. Malpractice As malpractice claims have increased in frequency and amount, the premiums for this insurance have also risen.

Describe the difference between a technologist and a technician.

Technologist: have a baccalaureate degree Technician: those who have had training and have earned an associate degree or certificate.

What is the major goal of the health care system?

The major goal of the system is to achieve optimal levels of health care for a defined population.

What is the purpose of the National Association of Practical Nurses Education and of the National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses?

Working together, NAPNES and NFLPN set standards for practical and vocational nursing practice, promote and protect the interests of LPN/LVN's, and educate and inform the general public about practical and vocational nursing.