ch. 14 lab
List the facial structures that should appear symmetric when inspecting the head.
The eyebrows, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth, as well as the palpebral fissures, and the nasolabial folds should appear symmetric when inspecting the head.
The isthmus of the thyroid gland lies just below the:
cricoid cartilage
posterior cervical lymph node
in the posterior triangle along the edge of the trapezius muscle
posterior triangle of the neck
is behind the sternomastoid muscle, with the trapezius muscle on the other side and with its base along the clavicle below.
supraclavicular lymph node
just above and behind the clavicle, at the sternomastoid muscle
anterior triangle of the neck
lies in front, between the sternomastoid and the midline of the body, with its base up along the lower border of the mandible and its apex down at the suprasternal notch.
If the thyroid gland were enlarged bilaterally, which maneuver would be appropriate for you to assess?
listen for a bruit over the thyroid lobes
Describe the characteristics of normal cervical lymph nodes during childhood.
During childhood, normal cervical lymph nodes feel more prominent than an adult's until after puberty, when lymphoid tissue begins to atrophy. Palpable nodes less than 3 mm are normal; they may be up to 1 cm in size in the cervical and inguinal areas but are discrete, move easily, and are nontender.
Facial characteristics of hyperthyroidism
Exophthalmos (bulging eyes), thin, silky hair, infrequent blinking, and a staring appearance
Facial characteristics that occur with Down syndrome can include the following:
Upslanting eyes with inner epicanthal folds, flat nasal bridge, small broad flat nose, protruding thick tongue, ear dysplasia, short broad neck with webbing, and small hands with single palmar crease
Providing resistance while the patient shrugs his or her shoulders is a test of which cranial nerve?
XI
occipital lymph node
base of skull
submental lymph node
behind the tip of the mandible
deep cervical lymph node
deep under the sternomastoid muscle
Identify the blood vessel that runs diagonally across the sternomastoid muscle.
external jugular vein
On examination, the newborn's fontanels should feel:
firm, slightly concave, and well-defined
submandibular lymph node
halfway between the angle and the tip of the mandible
Preauricular lymph node
in front of the ear
Which facial bones articulate at a joint instead of a suture?
mandible
Which is least likely to indicate a possible malignancy?
marked tenderness
You suspect an infant's head is of abnormal size and can use which procedure to verify these findings?
measuring tape
A throbbing, unilateral pain associated with nausea vomiting, and photophobia is characteristic of:
migraine headache
It is normal to palpate a few lymph nodes in the neck of a healthy person. What are the characteristics of these nodes?
mobile, soft, nontender
In acute infection:
nodes are bilateral, enlarged, warm, tender, and firm but not freely movable.
In chronic inflammation:
nodes are clumped.
In cancer:
nodes are hard, unilateral, nontender, and fixed.
superficial cervical lymph node
overlying the sternomastoid muscle
Facial characteristics of hypothyroidism:
puffy edematous face, especially around the eyes (periorbital edema), coarse facial features, dry skin, and dry coarse hair and eyebrows.
Normal cervical nodes are:
smaller than 1 cm
major neck muscles are
sternomastoid and trapezius
Cephalhematoma is associated with
subperiosteal hemorrhage
posterior auricular lymph node
superficial to the mastoid process
Which is true regarding cluster headaches?
they may be precipitated by alcohol and daytime napping
jugulodigastric lymph node
under the angle of the mandible
Bell palsy is characterized by
unilateral paralysis of half of the face
tonic neck reflex in an infant occurs:
when supine; the head is turned to one side (extension of same arm and leg, flexion of opposite arm and leg). After ages 3 to 4 months, the head is maintained in the midline.
