ch. 14 lab

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List the facial structures that should appear symmetric when inspecting the head.

The eyebrows, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth, as well as the palpebral fissures, and the nasolabial folds should appear symmetric when inspecting the head.

The isthmus of the thyroid gland lies just below the:

cricoid cartilage

posterior cervical lymph node

in the posterior triangle along the edge of the trapezius muscle

posterior triangle of the neck

is behind the sternomastoid muscle, with the trapezius muscle on the other side and with its base along the clavicle below.

supraclavicular lymph node

just above and behind the clavicle, at the sternomastoid muscle

anterior triangle of the neck

lies in front, between the sternomastoid and the midline of the body, with its base up along the lower border of the mandible and its apex down at the suprasternal notch.

If the thyroid gland were enlarged bilaterally, which maneuver would be appropriate for you to assess?

listen for a bruit over the thyroid lobes

Describe the characteristics of normal cervical lymph nodes during childhood.

During childhood, normal cervical lymph nodes feel more prominent than an adult's until after puberty, when lymphoid tissue begins to atrophy. Palpable nodes less than 3 mm are normal; they may be up to 1 cm in size in the cervical and inguinal areas but are discrete, move easily, and are nontender.

Facial characteristics of hyperthyroidism

Exophthalmos (bulging eyes), thin, silky hair, infrequent blinking, and a staring appearance

Facial characteristics that occur with Down syndrome can include the following:

Upslanting eyes with inner epicanthal folds, flat nasal bridge, small broad flat nose, protruding thick tongue, ear dysplasia, short broad neck with webbing, and small hands with single palmar crease

Providing resistance while the patient shrugs his or her shoulders is a test of which cranial nerve?

XI

occipital lymph node

base of skull

submental lymph node

behind the tip of the mandible

deep cervical lymph node

deep under the sternomastoid muscle

Identify the blood vessel that runs diagonally across the sternomastoid muscle.

external jugular vein

On examination, the newborn's fontanels should feel:

firm, slightly concave, and well-defined

submandibular lymph node

halfway between the angle and the tip of the mandible

Preauricular lymph node

in front of the ear

Which facial bones articulate at a joint instead of a suture?

mandible

Which is least likely to indicate a possible malignancy?

marked tenderness

You suspect an infant's head is of abnormal size and can use which procedure to verify these findings?

measuring tape

A throbbing, unilateral pain associated with nausea vomiting, and photophobia is characteristic of:

migraine headache

It is normal to palpate a few lymph nodes in the neck of a healthy person. What are the characteristics of these nodes?

mobile, soft, nontender

In acute infection:

nodes are bilateral, enlarged, warm, tender, and firm but not freely movable.

In chronic inflammation:

nodes are clumped.

In cancer:

nodes are hard, unilateral, nontender, and fixed.

superficial cervical lymph node

overlying the sternomastoid muscle

Facial characteristics of hypothyroidism:

puffy edematous face, especially around the eyes (periorbital edema), coarse facial features, dry skin, and dry coarse hair and eyebrows.

Normal cervical nodes are:

smaller than 1 cm

major neck muscles are

sternomastoid and trapezius

Cephalhematoma is associated with

subperiosteal hemorrhage

posterior auricular lymph node

superficial to the mastoid process

Which is true regarding cluster headaches?

they may be precipitated by alcohol and daytime napping

jugulodigastric lymph node

under the angle of the mandible

Bell palsy is characterized by

unilateral paralysis of half of the face

tonic neck reflex in an infant occurs:

when supine; the head is turned to one side (extension of same arm and leg, flexion of opposite arm and leg). After ages 3 to 4 months, the head is maintained in the midline.


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