ch. 16 - education

head start program

a federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic status

tracking

a formalized sorting system that places students on "tracks" (advanced, low achievers) that perpetuate inequalities

education

a social institution thru which a society's children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, & cultural norms

no child left behind act

an act that requires states to test students in prescribed grades, with the results of those tests determining eligibility to receive federal funding

sorting

classifying students based on academic merit or potential

cultural capital

cultural knowledge that serves (metaphorically) as currency to help one navigate a culture -example: malik grew up in an affluent household which embraced activities such as attending the opera, visiting museums, & traveling. when he goes to college, malik finds he has much to talk about with professors & fellow students from similar backgrounds.

informal education

education that involves learning about cultural values, norms, & expected behaviors thru participation in a society

credentialism

the emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications

universal acess

the equal ability of all ppl to participate in an education system

grade inflation

the idea that the achievement level associated with an A today is notably lower than the achievement level associated with A-level work a few decades ago

formal education

the learning of academic facts & concepts

hidden curriculum

the type of nonacademic knowledge that ppl learn thru informal learning & cultural transmission

social placement

the use of education to improve one's social standing

cultural transmission

the way ppl come to learn the values, beliefs, & social norms of their culture

mills vs board of education of the district of columbia

which court case set the precedent for access to education within the US for students with disabilities?

pierre bourdeiu

which sociologist studied how cultural capital helps an individual navigate their culture?