Ch 16 The Endocrine System

The link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide is

a G protein

The hormone oxytocin

all answers are correct (responsible for milk expression from mammary glands, promotes uterine contractions, rises during sexual arousal)

The hypophyseal portal system

all of the answers are correct (2 capillary plexuses connected to short veins, carries neurosecretions to anterior lobe of pituitary, carries ADH and oxytocin)

Hormones can be divided into different groups based on their chemistry. These categories include

all of the answers are correct (peptides, steroids, amino acid derivatives)

Hormone actions on cells include those that affect

all of the answers are correct (quantities, activities, and synthesis of enzymes)

Steroid hormones

bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells

Growth hormone does all of the following except

cause fat accumulation within adipocytes

The primary function of ADH is to

decrease the amount of water lost at the kidneys

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and replication by accelerating protein synthesis is

growth hormone

___ are chemical messengers that are released in one tissue and transported in the bloodstream to alter the activities of specific cells in other tissues

hormones

Norepinephrine and epinephrine are considered to be ________ when released into the bloodstream, but ________ when released at synapses.

hormones; neurotransmitters

The most complex endocrine responses that integrate the nervous and endocrine system involve the

hypothalamus

Thyroid hormone contains the element

iodine

The testes produce

testosterone

The pituitary hormone that controls the release of steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex is

ACTH

After brain surgery, a patient receiving postoperative care in an intensive care unit began to pass large volumes of very dilute urine. The ICU nurse administered a medicine that mimics which of the following hormones?

ADH

The posterior pituitary glands secretes

ADH

Which of the following is a known effect of the thyroid hormone?

All answers are correct (increased oxygen consumption, increased heart rate, increased sensitivity to adrenergic stimulation)

The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development

FSH

The pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is

LH