Ch. 17 Age of Enlightenment

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A major inspiration for travel literature in the eighteenth century were the Pacific Ocean adventures of

James Cook

Who said that individuals "will forced to be free"?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

The strongest statement and vindication of Women's rights during the enlightenment was made by

Mary Wollstonecraft

An early female philosophe who published a translation of Newton's Principle and who was the mistress of Voltaire was

The Marquise du Chatelet

Above all Montesquieu "The spirit of the Laws" was concerned with

maintaining a balance among the various branches of government

Diderot most famous contribution to the enlightenment battle against religious fanaticism intolerance and prudery was his

28-volume Encyclopedia compiling articles by many influential philosophers

The best statement of Laissez-faire was made in 1776 by

Adam Smith

The author of The Progress of the Human Mund and who became a victim of the French Revolution was

Condorcet

Which of the following statements best applies to Denis Diderot ?

His Encyclopedia had considerable impact , particularly after its price was greatly reduced

Deism was based on

The Newtonian world-machine with God as its mechanic, designing the universe in accord with rational laws.

The Carnival of the Mediterranean world was

a period of intense sexual activity and gross excesses

The Jesuit order was dissolved in 1773 because

of pressure by Catholic Kings

The Jews of eighteenth-century Europe

were most free in participating in banking and commercial activities in tolerant cities

John Wesley

won the right to publicly practice of their religion in Austria with Joseph II's toleration Patent of 1781

Great Britain led the way in the eighteenth century in producing

All of the above

Choose the correct relationship between the Rococo artist and his work.

Amoine Watteau-Return from Cythera

The french Rococo painter who portrayed the aristocratic life as refined, sensual, and civilized was

Antoine Watteau

Johann Sebastian Bach

Balthazar Humane-pilgrimage church of the Sutzkrieg Viezehahesligen

A less brutal approach to justice and punishment in the eighteenth century is associated with

Beccaria

In reaction to significant elements of rationalism and deism in what two countries did some ordinary protestant churchgoers chose new religious movements?

England and Germany

John Locke's philosophy contributed to the development of Enlightenment ideas by arguing that a persons character was shaped by

Environment, not by innate ideas.

The Rococo artistic style of the eighteenth century was

Evident in the masterpieces of Balthasas Neumen

The Scientist- Philosopher who provides a link between the 17th century scientist Is...

Fontenelle

The leader of the physiocrats and their advocacy of natural economic laws was

Francois Quenay

In Rousseau The Social Contract he expressed his belief that

Freedom is achieved by being forced to follow what is best fo all or the "general will."

A cheap and popular alcoholic drink in eighteenth century england was

Gun

The eighteenth century musical composition that has been called one of those rare works that appeal immediately to everyone and yet is indisputably a masterpiece of the highest order is

Handels Messiah

The German philospher Immanuel Kant proclaimed the motto of the Enlightenment to be

Have the Courage to use your own Intelligence

European music in the later eighteenth century was well characterized by

Haydn and Mozart, who shifted the musical center from Ital and Germany to the Austrian

The English writer who argued in A Serious Proposal to the Ladies that women should become better educated was

Mary astell

Which eighteenth-century composer was considered most innovative and wrote the opera, The Marriage of Figaro?

Mozart

Eighteenth-century writers, especially in England, used this new form of literary expression to attack the hypocrises of the era and provide sentimental entertainment to growing number of readers:

Novels

The recognized capital of the Enlightenment was

Paris

The works of Fontenelle announced the Enlightenment because they

Popularize a growing skepticism toward the claims fo religion

For Rousseau, what was the source of inequality and the chief cause of crimes?

Private property

Rousseaus influential novel, "Emile", deals with these key Enlightenment themes:

Proper child rearing and human education

Of great importance to the Enlightenment were the salons which

Provided a forum for discussing the ideas of the phiosophes

Isaac Newton and John Locke

Provided inspiration for the enlightenment by arguing that through rational reasoning and the acquisition of knowledge one could discover natural laws governing all aspects of human society

Voltaire was best known for his criticism of

Religious intolerance

The belief in the natural laws underlying all across of human life led to

THe social sciences

Enlightened thinkers can be understood as secularists because they strongly recommened

The application of the scientific method to the analysis and understanding of all aspects of human life

The french Philosophers mostly included people from

The nobility and the middle class

Montesquieu Persian letters

Was a method that allowed him to criticized the Catholic Church and The French monarchy

The French philosophers

Were literate intellectuals who meant to change the world through reason and rationality.

Concerning the European legal system , by the end of the eighteenth century

corporal and capital punishment were on the decline

High culture in eighteenth-century Europe was characterized by the

enormous impact of the publishing industry

The punishment of crime in the eighteenth century was often

public and very gruesome

European intellecual life in the eighteenth century was marked by the emergence of

secularization and a search to find the natural laws governing human life

In eighteenth-century Europe churches both catholic and protestant

still played a major role in social and spiritual areas

A key new type of enlightenment writing fueling skepticism about the the "truths" of Christianity and European society was

travel reports and comparative studies of old and new world cultures


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