CH 20

Which of the following is not one of the seven warning signs? A. a cut that bleeds B. change in bowel or bladder habits C. thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere D. indigestion or difficulty swallowing E. obvious change in wart or mole

A. a cut that bleeds

Which of the following tests is not used to screen for colon cancer? A. blood test B. digital examination C. flexible sigmoidoscopy D. fecal occult blood test E. double-contrast barium enema

A. blood test

Which is responsible for more cancer deaths in women: breast, colon and rectum, pancreas, or ovary? A. breast B. colon and rectum C. pancreas D. ovary

A. breast

Proto-oncogenes A. code for proteins that promote the cell cycle. B. promote apoptosis. C. become tumor suppressor genes when mutated. D. are considered "loss-of-function" mutations. E. code for angiogenic growth factors.

A. code for proteins that promote the cell cycle.

Which of the following is not a standard therapy for cancer treatment? A. immunotherapy B. surgery C. radiation therapy D. chemotherapy E. all of these are standard therapies for the tretment of cancer

A. immunotherapy

Which of the following is not a type of ionizing radiation? A. ultraviolet radiation B. radon gas C. nuclear fuel D. X-rays E. none of these are ionizing radiation

A. ultraviolet radiation

Which of the following is not a protective behavior that will help prevent cancer? A. Don't use tobacco. B. Increase consumption of salt-cured, smoked, and nitrite-cured foods. C. Don't sunbathe. D. Avoid radiation. E. Increase consumption of vegetables from the cabbage family.

B. Increase consumption of salt-cured, smoked, and nitrite-cured foods.

Which of the following is not a type of immunotherapy? A. cancer vaccines B. anti-p53 engineered adenovirus C. cytokine therapy D. monoclonal antibodies E. genetically engineered antigen presenting cells

B. anti-p53 engineered adenovirus

The American Cancer Society publicizes seven warning signals, which spell out the word CAUTION. The "C" in CAUTION stands for change in A. skin coloring. B. bowel or bladder habits. C. sensitivity to heat or cold. D. sleep habits. E. eating habits.

B. bowel or bladder habits.

Which of the following is a side effect of radiation therapy that is not also a side effect of chemotherapy? A. nausea, vomiting B. dry, red, irritated skin and/or blisters C. diarrhea D. fatigue and weakness E. weight loss and hair loss

B. dry, red, irritated skin and/or blisters

What type of cancer causes the most deaths in males? A. prostate B. lung and bronchus C. colon and rectum D. pancreas E. esophagus

B. lung and bronchus

The ends of the chromosomes are "capped" with special repetitive DNA sequences called A. radiata. B. telomeres. C. centromeres. D. oncogenes. E. suppressor genes.

B. telomeres.

How many Americans will deal with cancer in their lifetime? A. all B. 1 in 2 C. 1 in 3 D. 1 in 4 E. 1 in 5

C. 1 in 3

If a tumor suppressor gene becomes mutated, which of the following is not true? A. Apoptosis is less likely to occur. B. The cell cycle continues when it should not. C. A "gain-of function" mutation has occurred. D. Genes that encode enzymes that repair DNA are not turned on. E. Genes that stop the cell cycle are not turned on.

C. A "gain-of function" mutation has occurred.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of cancer cells that distinguishes it from normal cells? A. Cancer cells lack differentiation. B. Cancer cells have abnormal nuclei. C. Cancer cells utilize mitosis to divide. D. Cancer cells have an unlimited potential to replicate. E. Cancer cells form tumors.

C. Cancer cells utilize mitosis to divide.

Which of the following dietary changes will not reduce your risk of developing cancer? A. Increase your consumption of dark green, leafy vegetables, carrots, and various fruits. B. Avoid obesity. C. Decrease your consumption of high-fiber foods. D. Drink alcohol only in moderation. E. Avoid ham and sausage.

C. Decrease your consumption of high-fiber foods.

Which type of test is particularly useful in analyzing tumors in tissues surrounded by bone? A. X-ray B. CAT scan C. MRI D. PSA E. Pap test

C. MRI

Which of the following is not one of the things to watch for in a mole? A. asymmetry B. irregular border C. a solid color, usually brown D. larger than 6 mm E. elevated above the skin surface

C. a solid color, usually brown

A mole becomes suspicious when it is greater than 6 mm in diameter. How big is 6 mm approximately? A. just barely visible, about the size of a pin prick B. about the same as one of the letters in this question C. about the size of a pencil eraser D. about the size of a nickel E. about the size of a quarter

C. about the size of a pencil eraser

Which of the following is not found in tobacco smoke? A. vinyl chloride B. N-nitrosonornicotine C. asbestos D. benzo(a)pyrene E. mutagens

C. asbestos

Cancers of epithelial tissues are called A. leukemias. B. sarcomas. C. carcinomas. D. lymphomas. E. blastomas.

C. carcinomas.

Unfortunately, the cancer in Ted's body had spread to multiple sites. Which is the most viable treatment option to handle Ted's cancer? A. surgery B. radiation therapy C. chemotherapy D. herbal therapy E. immunotherapy

C. chemotherapy

How often should a woman do a shower self-examination of her breasts for lumps, knots, or changes? A. daily B. once a week C. once a month D. once every 6 months E. once a year

C. once a month

What is the survival rate for children with childhood leukemia? A. 10% B. 30% C. 50% D. 80% E. 99%

D. 80%

What do BRCA1 and p53 have in common? A. Both cause breast cancer. B. Both cause eye cancers. C. Both are oncogenes. D. Both are tumor suppressors. E. Both are inherited as autosomal dominant traits.

D. Both are tumor suppressors.

Which of the following is not a type of chemotherapy? A. alkylating agents B. antimetabolites C. antitumor antibiotics D. bone marrow transplants E. mitotic inhibitors

D. bone marrow transplants

A Pap test looks for what type of cancer? A. skin cancer B. esophageal cancer C. bladder cancer D. cervical cancer E. colon cancer

D. cervical cancer

Which of the following is not a stage in carcinogenesis? A. initiation B. promotion C. progression D. differentiation E. angiogenesis

D. differentiation

Which two tests are done for prostate cancer? A. mammography, fecal occult blood test B. digital rectal examination, Pap test C. PSA, testicle self-examination D. digital rectal examination, PSA E. testicle self-examination, fecal occult blood test

D. digital rectal examination, PSA

What type of screening test could be used to determine the likelihood that someone might develop cancer? A. PAP test B. PSA test C. CEA test D. genetic test E. tumor marker test

D. genetic test

When should screening for colorectal cancer begin? A. in 20s B. in 30s C. in 40s D. in 50s E. in 60s

D. in 50s

Hodgkin lymphomas develop from A. cells of the liver and spleen. B. all types of white blood cells. C. B or T cells. D. mutated B cells. E. bladder epithelial cells.

D. mutated B cells.

Which accounts for more cancer deaths in males: bladder, pancreas, esophagus, or prostate? A. bladder B. pancreas C. esophagus D. prostate E. all are equal

D. prostate

Contact inhibition means that A. there are more chromosomes within the nucleus than there should be. B. cells are able to divide without the presence of stimulatory growth factors. C. cells only divide a certain specified number of times and then quit. D. when cells come in contact with a neighbor, they stop dividing. E. cells have gained the ability to invade lymphatic and blood vessels.

D. when cells come in contact with a neighbor, they stop dividing.

What was the name of the first gene associated with breast cancer? A. RB B. RET C. p53 D. cyclin D E. BRCA1

E. BRCA1

Which of the following characteristics is not associated with metastasis? A. The internal cytoskeleton is disorganized. B. The cancer cells lack intact actin filament bundles. C. Invasive cancer cells are sperm-shaped. D. Cancer cells produce proteinase enzymes. E. The low oxygen content in the middle of a tumor may turn on genes for angiogenesis.

E. The low oxygen content in the middle of a tumor may turn on genes for angiogenesis.

What type of test is a CEA test? A. self-examination B. a type of prostate cancer test C. a type of cervical cancer test D. a genetic test E. a tumor marker test

E. a tumor marker test

Which of the following factors can lead to cancer? A. radiation B. BRCA1 gene C. tobacco smoke D. radon gas E. all of these can lead to cancer

E. all of these can lead to cancer

Taxol is used to treat what type of cancer? A. leukemia B. lymphoma C. testicular cancer D. colon cancer E. ovarian cancer

E. ovarian cancer

What is the most common cancer found in males? A. colon and rectum B. urinary bladder C. melanoma of the skin D. oral cavity E. prostate

E. prostate

Which of the following is not a type of proto-oncogene? A. the gene for cyclin D B. growth factor receptor genes C. the gene that codes for Ras proteins D. growth factor genes E. the gene for p53

E. the gene for p53