Ch. 22-28
The self-confident woman portrayed as fully capable of doing a man's job in posters and on magazine covers during World War II, was called,
"Rosie the Riveter."
The mass extinction of "undesirable" peoples—Slavs Gypsies, homosexuals, and, above all, Jews—that Hitler undertook in 1941, and that we now call the Holocaust, he called
,the "final solution."
Which of the following was not an effect of wartime mobilization on American society?
Americans of German descent were herded into internment camps, on the basis that their loyalties could not be trusted.
The founder of Italian fascism who sent troops to invade and conquer Ethiopia was
Benito Mussolini.
Which of the following was not a contributing factor behind the rise of the Cold War?
Churchill's call for the construction of a great wall between East and West Germany
Which of the following was not a significant difference between the conservative and liberal visions for postwar America?
Conservatives regarded capitalism as essential to America's future; liberals regarded socialism as essential to America's future.
June 6 1944, the day on which nearly 200,000 American, British, and Canadian soldiers landed in northwestern France, in Normandy, is known as,
D-Day.
The United Nations committee that drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was led by
Eleanor Roosevelt.
"Dixiecrats" nominated Hubert Humphrey for President in 1948.
F
Although the United States was instrumental in the rebuilding of German industry it did not significantly contribute to similar efforts in Japan.,
F
At Bataan in the Philippines U.S. and Filipino forces captured 78,000 Japanese soldiers in the largest surrender in Japanese military history.
F
By the late 1930s Americans were nearly universally in favor of intervening militarily in Germany to stop the horrors being perpetrated against Jews and others by Adolf Hitler and his followers.,
F
George Kennan was a Soviet spy working in the American embassy in Moscow.
F
Germany suffered far higher casualties among its soldiers on the Western Front than it did on the Russian Front.
F
In Dennis v. United States the Supreme Court ruled that the imprisonment of communist leaders violated the right of free expression.,
F
In World War I the French had been successful at keeping the invading German army out of Paris; in World War II the French also succeeded in keeping the Nazis from occupying Paris.,
F
Josef Stalin and Adolf Hitler were bitter enemies who could agree on nothing at the beginning of World War II.
F
President Harry Truman was defeated by Thomas Dewey in the election of 1948.
F
President Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066 ordered the internment of all Japanese-Americans who refused to sign an oath of loyalty to the United States.
F
The "double-V" campaign stood for a double victory one in the European Theatre and one in the Pacific Theatre.,
F
The America First Committee sought to ensure that America would be one of the first nations to enter the conflict against Adolf Hitler.
F
The Roosevelt administration paid little attention to foreign affairs before the attack on Pearl Harbor.
F
Under the Truman Doctrine only those governments that respected the democratic rights of citizens and the sovereignty of other peoples could expect friendship and support from the United States.,
F
War mobilization lifted the industrial Northeast out of the Depression but left the economies of the South and the West virtually untouched.,
F
Which of the following was not a feature of American involvement in World War II?
FDR agreed to a wartime alliance with the Soviet Union only after Stalin promised to rid his country of communism after the war.
Who of the following were known as the "Big Three?"
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin
Which was not one of the Four Freedoms President Roosevelt's shorthand for American purposes in World War II?
Freedom of Liberty
Who was the person who sent the Long Telegram from Moscow in 1946 that lay the foundation for what became known as the policy of "containment"?
George F. Kennan
During World War II the Axis powers were,
Germany, Italy, and Japan.
Which was not a goal or action of Adolf Hitler's?
He seized control of the Philippines and Malaysia.
In the context of postwar Civil Rights what major-league baseball player joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947 and by so doing challenged the longstanding exclusion of black players from major-league baseball?
Jackie Robinson
Who was the United States senator from Wisconsin who announced in February 1950 that he had a list of 205 communists working for the State Department and whose name later entered the political vocabulary as a shorthand for character assassination, guilt by association, and abuse of power in the name of anti-communism?
Joseph R. McCarthy
The first hot war of the Cold War—beginning in June 1950—took place in
Korea.
What province of northern China did Japan invade in 1931?
Manchuria
The 1950 National Security Council manifesto that called for a permanent military build-up to enable the United States to pursue a global crusade against communism describing the Cold War as an epic struggle between "the idea of freedom" and the "idea of slavery under the grim oligarchy of the Kremlin" was,
NSC-68.
What was the name of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) campaign to bring unionization to the South by which more than 200 labor organizations entered the region in an effort to organize workers?
Operation Dixie
Two outspoken critics of the domestic anticommunist crusade were
Paul Robeson and W. E. B. Du Bois.
Which is not true of the Korean War (1950-1953)?
President Truman acknowledged and accepted General MacArthur's push toward the Chinese border and his threat to use nuclear weapons against the Chinese.
The young California congressman who first gained national prominence through his membership on the House Un-American Activities Committee was
Richard Nixon.
The "Dixiecrat" presidential ticket of 1948 was led b
Strom Thurmond.
As late as December 1944 more American military personnel were deployed in the Pacific theater of war than against Germany.,
T
As part of the cultural Cold War the CIA secretly funded an array of overseas publications, conferences, publishing houses, concerts, art exhibits, and jazz performances.,
T
As the war drew to a close tensions emerged among the Allied powers over Stalin's reluctance to allow self-rule in eastern Europe, and Churchill's reluctance to allow self-rule for Great Britain's colonies.,
T
At least 20 million Russians died during World War II both soldiers and civilians.,
T
Automotive manufacturing giant Henry Ford opposed United States involvement in World War II.
T
By 1944 the United States produced a plane every five minutes, and a ship every day.
T
By 1949 the world's largest country measured by land area (the Soviet Union), and the world's largest country by population (China) were both communist.,
T
During Germany's effort to seize Stalingrad beginning in August 1942 800,000 Germans and 1.2 million Russians died in the fighting.,
T
During World War II 15 million American men served in the military, and 350,000 women served in auxiliary military units.,
T
During World War II membership numbers for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) grew to approximately one-half million.,
T
During World War II the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was probably more racially integrated than any labor organization since the Knights of Labor in the 1880s.
T
During World War II the NAACP and American Jewish Congress cooperated closely in advocating laws to ban discrimination in employment and housing.,
T
During World War II the federal government spent twice the amount of money it had spent in all of the previous 150 years of American history.,
T
Eighty percent of Japan's oil came from the United States prior to 1941.
T
Following America's entry into the war the federal government assumed vast powers to oversee the national economy.,
T
In May 1942 the United States Navy thwarted a Japanese attack against Australia in the Battle of the Coral Sea.,
T
In the atmosphere of the Cold War the United States tended to define "human rights" in terms of political liberty, while the Soviet Union emphasized social and economic entitlements.,
T
Most of the bloodshed that occurred in Europe during World War II took place on the eastern front.
T
Race relations in the United States were a major ideological concernand even an embarrassment, for American leaders during the Cold War.,
T
Republicans swept the congressional elections of 1946 to control both houses of Congress for the first time since the 1920s.
T
Senator Gerald P. Nye's 1934-1935 hearings demonstrated that bankers had suffered terrible economic setbacks during World War I.
T
The Ford Motor Company employed slave labor provided by the German government.
T
The Marshall plan sought to contain Soviet communism by promoting economic recovery and providing humanitarian aid.
T
The United States inflicted severe losses on the Japanese Navy in the Battle of Midway Island.
T
The first confrontation of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union occurred in the Middle East in Iran.
T
The term "blitzkrieg" means "lightning war."
T
Toward the end of World War II evidence existed that Japanese officials would accept surrender if Emperor Hirohito could remain on his throne.,
T
Unions became firmly established in many sectors of the economy during World War II.
T
War mobilization greatly strengthened the size and stature of the American labor movement.
T
With the coming of peace women employed in war-related industries came under increasing pressure to leave their jobs and resume their role as homemakers.,
T
According to Eric Foner which of the following newspapers pointed out the discrepancy between American ideals of Democracy and civil rights reality of racial discrimination in the United States during World War II?,
The Crisis
Which was not a development of 1949?
The Soviets formalized their own eastern European alliance, the Warsaw Pact.
Which of the following was not a major thrust of the Four Freedoms promoted by FDR?
The only thing Americans have to fear is fear itself.
Which of the following was not a key provision of the 1947 Taft-Hartley Act?
Unions cannot discriminate on the basis of race.
Which of the following leaders demanded that the Atlantic Charter which would apply to non-European colonies and nations?,
Winston Churchill
A key source of American reluctance to confront the rise of Nazism and fascism in Europe during the 1930s was
all of the above.
Anti-Communism was used by the U.S. leaders to
all of the above.
The Truman Doctrine in March 1947
asserted that the United States, as the leader of the "free world," must take up responsibility for supporting "freedom-loving peoples" wherever communism threatened them.
Which of the following was not a common target of the anticommunist crusade?
laissez-faire conservatism
The Truman administration responded to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin by
leading efforts to break the blockade by airlifting supplies to the city.
Which of the following was not a dramatic feature of the 1948 presidential election?
lively debate between supporters and critics of the Korean War
With the spread of what on college campuses tens of thousands of students took part in a "strike for peace" in 1935?
pacifism
A major success for Germany and its allies during World War II was
the "blitzkrieg" campaign.
The desire for both victory at home against segregation and victory overseas against the Germans and the Japanese, came to be called this by African-Americans during World War II,
the "double-V."
In 1949 the containment policy suffered a major setback in the form of,
the "loss" of China to communism.
In June 1948 when the United States, Britain, and France introduced a separate currency in their zones of control in the city of Berlin, the Soviet Union responded with,
the Berlin Blockade.
President Harry S. Truman's program that focused on improving the social safety net and raising the standard of living of ordinary Americans—calling on Congress to increase the middle wage enact a program of national health insurance, and expand public housing, social security, and aid to education—was,
the Fair Deal.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt's foreign policy with regard to Latin American countries was called
the Good Neighbor Policy.
The June 1947 United States foreign-policy initiative that envisioned a New Deal for Europe and pledged billions of dollars to finance European economic recovery was,
the Marshall Plan.
Which of the following gatherings did not play a major role in the planning of the postwar international order?
the Munich conference
The branch of the federal government created in 1942 to mobilize public opinion and that sought to make the conflict "a 'people's war' for freedom" was called
the Office of War Information.
The congressional legislation that extended an array of benefits including unemployment pay, educational scholarships, low-cost mortgage loans, pensions, and job training to millions of returning veterans beginning in 1944, was called,
the Serviceman's Readjustment Act, or G.I. Bill of Rights.
What was the 1947 law that sought to reverse gains made by organized labor in the preceding decade and authorized the president to suspend strikes by ordering an 80-day cooling-off period, banned sympathy strikes and secondary boycotts, outlawed the closed shop, and authorized states to pass "right to work" laws?,
the Taft-Hartley Act
The 1948 United Nations-approved document that called for a range of rights to be enjoyed by people everywhere including freedom of speech and religion, as well as social and economic entitlements, including the right to an adequate standard of living, access to adequate housing, education, and medical care was called,
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Executive Order 9066 led to Japanese-American internment during World War II. Define "internment."
the act of confining someone during wartime
Which of the following was not a step toward racial equality in postwar America?
the defeat of Operation Dixie
In 1950 a serious challenge to the containment policy occurred with,
the invasion of South Korea.
George Kennan was
the originator of the containment policy.
"Containment" in the context of post-World War II international diplomacy on the part of the United States referred to
the policy by which the United States committed itself to preventing any further expansion of Soviet power.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt "repudiated the right to intervene militarily in the internal affairs of Latin American countries" writes Eric Foner. Define "repudiated."
to cast off or disown; to reject with disapproval