ch 22 review questions

mechanisms by which cutting tools wear during machining (5)

abrasion, adhesion, diffusion, chemical rxn, plastic deformation

principle lubricating mechanisms by which cutting fluids work?

boundary and extreme pressure lubrication

mechanically clamped insert inserts of ___ and __ ___ are clamped mechanically to the tool ___ cannot be easily replaced

carbide, cemented carbide, shank

Common thin coating compounds on the surface of coated carbide (3)

(titanium nitride) TiN, (titanium carbide) TiC, (aluminum oxide) Al2O3

what is the chemical formula of the ceramic material used in almost all ceramic cutting tools?

Al2O3 (aluminum oxide)

ingredients in steel cutting grades

TiC or TaC; WC-Co

non steel cutting grades

WC and Cobalt

during cutting ops of steel/ferrous metals with diamond cutting tools, the ___ atoms in the diamond react with the ___ atoms in the material and changes its ____ which is not desirable

carbon, ferrous, composition

___ ____ are extensively used as cutting tools for machining hard materials

cemented carbides

brazed insert generally ___ ___ materials are brazed to the solid ___ of the tool

cemented carbides, shank

WC-Co in NON steel cutting grades ___ carbides suitable for machining operations of ___ ___ ___ __ and other ___ metals (5) 3-12% Cobalt content in ___ carbides

cemented, aluminum, brass, copper, magnesium, nonferrous

2 types of cutting fluid

coolant, lubricant

4 categories of cutting fluid

cutting & emulsified oils, chemical & semi chemical fluids

tool life criteria used in production machining operations? (5)

cutting time, sound problems, fingernail test, bad surface finish, high power consumption

methods to apply cutting fluid in machining operation (3)

flooding, misting, manual op

3 modes of tool failure

fracture, temp, gradual wear

solid tool tool geometry shape is made by ___ the ___ ___ of tool

grinding, solid shank

WC-Co in steel cutting grades possesses the properties of high _____ and good ____ due to the presence of __ grain sizes of various ___ ingredients

hardness, toughness, fine, carbide

coolants are used as cutting fluid to minimize the effects of ___

heat

advantages of cutting fluids FILTER (4)

less to dispose, lower maint of tool, longer tool life, less health hazards

2 principal aspects of cutting tool technology

material, geometry

problems with dry machining (4)

no chip removal, overheating, low quality, expensive

lubricants are __ based fluids used to reduce ___, transfer ___, transmit ___, and prevent ___ between interfaces

oil, friction, heat, power, rust

ceramic material possesses properties of low __ and ___ strength but excellent ___ strength during cutting, this property is best used with a ___ rake angle to load the tool in ___ state

shear, tensile, compressive

3 alternative ways of holding and presenting the cutting edge for a single point tool

solid tool, brazed insert, mechanically clamped insert

cermet are widely used due to its high ___ ___ and ___

temp resist, hardness

2 principal locations on a cutting tool where tool wear occurs?

top rake face, flank

desirable properties of a cutting tool? (3)

toughness, hot hardness, wear resistance

(5) principal alloying ingredients in high speed steel (HSS)

tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, carbon, chromium

Titanium/tantalum carbide (TiC) or (TaC) increases ___ ___ for process of steel cutting, but it affects ___ ___ resistance for NON STEEL CUTTING use

wear resist, flank wear