Ch 26 - Emergency Prepardness

How to protect yourself from volcanic eruption

- Wear long-sleeved shirts and pants -Uses Goggles to protect eyes -Use dust mask or hold damp cloth over your face -Stay out of the area of the erupting volcano

What signs could indicate a hazardous material incident?

-A leaking cargo trailer -Color coded signs on abandoned drums -Unusual odors

Protective measures you should take for the following Homeland Security Advisory System threat level: -Severe

-Avoid high-risk area (public gatherings) -Listen to news for instructions -Contact employers to determine work status

What to do if at work/school during a tornado

-Avoid places with wide-span roofs (auditoriums, cafeterias) -Go to predetermined shelter -Get under piece of steady furniture

What to do during a hazardous material incident if authorities say to stay indoors?

-Close all doors, windows, vents, fireplaces -Tape all sides of doors and windows -Cover windows with plastic sheet -Turn off all a/c and heaters -Go to an above-ground room

What to do during a volcanic eruption if indoors?

-Close all windows, doors, and chimneys, and stove dampers

How to secure your home from a hurricane?

-Close storm shutters -Bring outdoor objects inside -Attach boards to window frames or tape windows to reduce risk of broken glass -Park cars on the side of the house and make sure each vehicle is full of gas -Review evacuation routes

What to do if trapped under debris?

-DO NOT use a flame for light bc of possible gas leaks -Don't move or kick up dust -Tap on pipe or wall so rescuers can locate you

What should you do in an equake if you smell gas?

-Do not use flames, light switches, or anything else that could make a spark

Protective measures you should take for the following Homeland Security Advisory System threat level: -Low

-Dvlp a home disaster plan and disaster supply kit

What to do if outside during an earthquake?

-Find a clear spot away from buildings, trees, street lights, and power lines -Drop to the ground and stay until shaking stops

What should you be aware of to watch for floods?

-Flash flood warnings -Storms in hills above you -Be aware of floods likelihood in your area -Be aware of channels, rivers, drainage channels, canyons in your area

What to do if outdoors during a tornado

-Get inside if possible -Lie low in a ditch or low-lying area or crouch near a strong bldg

What to do if in a car during a tornado

-Get out and take shelter in nearby bldg -If no bldg nearby, lie low in a ditch or other low-lying building -Do not try to outrun the tornado

What to do if at home during a tornado

-Immediately go to windowless interior room, storm cellar, basement, or lowest level of a bldg -Get under a sturdy piece of furniture and hold on to it

Why is drinking alcohol a bad idea during a heat wave?

-It causes further dehydration

What should you listen for during landslides or suspected landslides?

-Listen for unusual sounds that could indicate moving debris, such as trees cracking, boulders knocking together, or rumbling

What precautions should be used if using a kerosene heater during a winter storm?

-Make sure ventilation is excellent -Refuel outside -Keep heaters at least 3 ft from flammable objs

What to do if in a car during an earthquake?

-Pull over and stay there with your seat belt fastened -If equake is severe and you're under an overpass, get out and lie next to--NOT UNDER--your car

Protective measures you should take for the following Homeland Security Advisory System threat level: -High

-Review evac and sheltering measures for diff types of attacks (bio, chemical, or radiologic)

Protective measures you should take for the following Homeland Security Advisory System threat level: -Gaurded

-Review home disaster plan and update supplies -Meet with family to discuss what to do, where to go, and how to communicate if an attack occurs

How to keep warm if in a car during a winter storm?

-Run the car for 10 minutes each hour to keep warm -When engine is running, crack a window slightly to prevent CO poisoning and make sure snow is clear from the exhaust pipe -Exercise to maintain heat but avoid overexertion (i.e. clap hands, move arms and legs)

What to do during a volcanic eruption if outdoors?

-Seek shelter indoors -Avoid low-lying areas where poisonous gases, lava flow, ash, and flash floods can collect -Put all machinery in a garage or barn

What should you do if you're in bed during an earthquake?

-Stay in bed, cover head with a pillow -Do not get under the bed!

How to keep cool indoors during a heat wave if A/C isn't an option?

-Stay in shade on lowest floor on home -Use wet, cool cloths -Use fans to circulate air -Consider finding a building with a/c and stay there for at least 2 hrs a day

What should you do when using the tub for water reserves?

-Sterilize the tub with 1 part bleach to 10 parts water -Then fill with water

If indoors during an earthquake, what should you do?

-Take cover under a sturdy desk, table, bench, or inside of a wall or door frame as a last resort -If a severe earthquake, crouch next to a large, sturdy obj like a fridge or file cabinet -Stay away from glass, windows, outside doors, walls, anything that could fall

What to watch for while evacuating a wild fire?

-Watch for changes in the speed and direction of the smoke/fire

Protective measures you should take for the following Homeland Security Advisory System threat level: -Elevated

-Watch or report any suspicious activity -Contact schools to determine emergency procedures

If indoors during a nuclear power plant emergency, you will do all the same as for a hazardous material incident except?

-You go below ground instead of above ground -Still close all ventilation areas like windows and doors, turn off a/c and heater

What coastal areas in the US are prone to hurricanes?

1. Atlantic 2. Gulf of Mexico

What to do if you hear an attack warning for a terrorist attack (i.e. nuclear bomb goes off)

1. Take cover ASAP, below ground if possible. Stay there until told otherwise 2. If outside and can't go indoors, take cover behind anything that might offer protection. Lie flat on the ground and cover your head 3. Be aware the attack could take 30+ seconds to reach you, and could have second waves/blasts 4. Do not look at the light, it could blind you 5. Protect yourself from radioactive fallout and take shelter, even if the source of the explosion was many miles away 6. Keep a battery-powered radio on you

What can cause a tornado?

1. Thunderstorm 2. Hurricane

Hottest part of the day

10 am - 3 pm

Most ppl survive being in rubblel/debris for ____ to ____ hrs

12-24 hours, rarely do they survive for days under debris

Only ___-___% of ppl show passive or dazed rxns to natual disasters.

15-30%

What's the 2nd most common natural disaster? -The 1st?

1st: Fires 2nd: Floods

How deep does water have to be to wash away a car? -How deep to float away a car?

2 feet to wash away, 1 foot to float away a car

If a hurricane watch is issued, you usually have ________ hours before the hurricane hits land.

24-36 hrs

How deep does water have to be to knock you off your feet?

6 inches

What should you set your thermostat to in winter storm? -How else can you conserve warmth indoors?

65'F during the day, 55'F at night -Conserve warmth by closing doors of unused rooms

Storm surge

A dome of water that sweeps across the coast where a hurricane lands

Tsunami

A series of waves created when a body of water is rapidly displaced usually be an earthquake. e.g. Tōhoku, Japan Earthquake and Tsunami 2011 (also led to nuclear meltdown at Fukushima)

If you live near a stream or channel, what should you be alert for that would indicate a landslide?

A sudden increase or decrease in water flow

Hurricane

A tropical storm that has winds of about 119 kpm (74 mph) or higher.

What months are peak hurricane months?

Aug to Sept are peak, but hurricane season lasts from June to Nov

A _____ bomb is much more likely to be used by terrorists than a ____ bomb

Dirty bomb (radiologic dispersion device) more likely than a nuclear bomb

What should the diet regimen be during a winter storm?

Eat and drink regularly, avoiding coffee and alcohol

What part of the road is most susceptible to landsides?

Embankments

Companies, corporations, associations, and governments are always generous when invited to send aid and relief to disaster areas

False -Many will use the opportunity to dump old medicine, equipment, and unusable goods under the cloak of generosity

Resource shortages are inevitable in natural disasters

False -Shortages may not occur and if they do they're almost always temporary -The issue is more of how to effectively use and allocate resources

One should donate used clothes to ppl affected by disasters

False -This often leads to huge piles of accumulated clothes ppl cannot or willnot wear

Un-buried dead bodies are a health hazard

False, even decayed corpses are not a significant health hazard. -Hasty burials upset arrangements for death certification, funeral rites, autopsy, and demoralizes survivors

In a disaster, it is good to accept all forms of help and aid.

False, it is best to accept only the goods, aid, and help that is needed and best suited to the environment

Dx epidemics are inevitable in natural disasters

False, they are usually readily contained by the surveillance and health care in the disaster area

Overexertion in extreme cold in a winter storm could lead to what medical condition?

Heart attack

When should you prepare to evacuate for a flash flood?

If authorities issue a flash flood warning

When should you evacuate early to the inland areas during a hurricane watch?

If you... -live in a mobile home -local authorities state your area as an evac area -you live in a high-rise building -you live on the coast, in a floodplain, or near a river or inland waterway -if you think you might be in danger

When does looting occur most often in a natural disaster?

In already deeply divided areas that had strong preconditions

What to do during a hazardous material incident if in a car and you can't get out of the car.

Keep windows up and vents closed, shut of a/c and heater

How to secure your home before a flash flood?

Move essential and important items upstairs

Can you go back to the shore after one wave in a tsunami?

NO a tsunami is a series of waves

Why should you avoid using the phone during emergencies?

Phone lines are likely to be busy with emergency traffic

What is the Homeland Security Advisory System designed to do?

Provide quick, comprehensive info about potential terrorist threat of attack and threat level

Why should you stay inside a car during a winter storm if caught in a storm while driving?

Rescuers are more likely to find you if you're in a car

Tornadoes are most commonly spotted in which region of the US

Rocky Mts

What to do during a hazardous material incident if in a car?

Seek shelter inside

Storm Watch vs Storm Warning

Storm Watch: issued when conditions are right for a specific storm Storm Warning: Issues if the threat is actually occurring or has been detected

Why should you avoid sunburns in a heat wave?

Sunburns slow body's ability to cool itself

If you suspect exposure to nuclear power pant emergency, what should you do?

Take a shower, change clothes and shoes -Seal bag of contaminated clothes

What to do if caught in a wild fire?

The book only said to evacuate and listen to local weather/social media for instructions

If outside during a hazardous material incident, you should go where in elevation?

To higher elevation bc many gases are heavier than air -Try to go uphill, upwind, or upsteam -Try to get at least 1/2 mile away

If caught in the car at night, what should you do during a winter storm?

Turn on the car light so rescuers can find you

How long should you stay inside during an earthquake?

Until it's over and you're 100% positive it is safe to exit -Be aware of aftershocks

If in a car in extreme cold with more than one person, take turns sleeping at all times

YES, while one person sleeps the other looks for rescue teams

During earthquakes, will fire alarms and sprinklers go off?

Yes, expect it to

Tornado

a localized and violently destructive windstorm occurring over land characterized by a funnel-shaped cloud extending toward the ground

Embankment

a mound of earth or stone built to hold back water or support a roadway

Biological agents

organisms or toxins that can kill or incapacitate people, livestock, and crops

What are hurricanes called in the Western Pacific?

typhoons