CH 3 Quiz

Which type of chemical messenger do the male gonads secrete? a.. androgens b. dopamine c. estrogens d. endorphins

a. androgens

Changes in behavior and cognitive processes over time are studied by ________. a. evolutionary psychologists b.behavioral psychologists c.historical psychologists d.behavioral geneticists

a. evolutionary psychologists

The ________ nervous system is responsible for responses such as pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration. a. sympathetic b.parasympathetic c.autonomic d.somatic

a. sympathetic

Considerable debate occurs regarding the use of anabolic steroid drugs like ________ in professional athletes and bodybuilders. a. testosterone b.insulin c.thyroxine d.growth hormone

a.testosterone

Which of the following is not a disadvantage of PET scanning? a.It is unable to pinpoint events in time. b.An alternative diagnostic tool is fMRI c.There is a low level of detail. d.There is radiation exposure.

b. An alternative diagnostic tool is fMRI

Glucose, a small uncharged molecule, can pass through the cell membrane, but sodium ions do not pass through the membrane easily. What is the most accurate explanation for these findings? a.The sodium-potassium pump keeps sodium inside the cell. b. Correct! The cell membrane is semi-permeable c. Cell membranes have carrier proteins for glucose but not for sodium. d. The membrane potential makes it difficult for sodium ions to diffuse across the membrane.

b. The cell membrane is semi-permeable

Psychological researchers study genetics in order to better understand the ________ that contributes to certain behaviors. a.psychology b.biology c.neurology d.physiology

b. biology

Psychotropic medications are drugs that treat psychiatric symptoms by restoring ________ balance. a.GABA b.neurotransmitter c.serotonin d. emotional

b. neurotransmitter

Studying close relatives allows behavioral geneticists to determine ________. a.the contribution of genes or environment to the behavior in the individuals studied b.the relative contributions of genes and environment in a population c.whether genes or environment cause a behavior or trait d.how behaviors have changed over time

b.the relative contributions of genes and environment in a population

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are drugs commonly prescribed for ________. a. obsessive-compulsive disorder b. Parkinson's disease c. depression d. schizophrenia

c. depression

The theory of ________ states that organisms that are better suited for their environment will survive and reproduce, while those that are poorly suited for their environment will die off. a.survivalism b. genetic mutation c. evolution by natural selection d. behavioral genetics

c. evolution by natural selection

Randolf is walking down the street of his hometown, after being away for several years, when he smells the scent of freshly baked pie coming from a local baker. He suddenly has vivid memories of walking down this street as a child, holding both of his parents' hands, and swinging between them, feeling relaxed and happy. This is because the sense of smell projects directly to the ________, which is responsible for ________ memories. a.basal ganglia; childhood b.limbic system; childhood c. limbic system; emotional d.basal ganglia; emotional

c.limbic system; emotional

The ________ gland is often referred to as the master gland of the endocrine system. a.testes b.thyroid c.adrenal c.pituitary

c.pituitary

Which of the following is not a part of the fight or flight response? a.heart rate and blood pressure increases b.pupils dilate c.running away d.adrenaline surges into the bloodstream

c.running away

Twin boys both have a gene associated with aggressive tendencies. What is the most likely outcome to be observed in their behavior as they grow up? a.The chances of significant aggressive tendencies are about 50:50, so one of the twins will likely show these behaviors. b.The twins both have the gene, so they likely will be aggressive in some way. c.It is unlikely that either will show aggressive tendencies. d. It is not possible to determine the twins' behaviors based on having this single gene.

d. It is not possible to determine the twins' behaviors based on having this single gene.

The brain contains ________ of interconnected neurons and glia. a.millions b.tens of thousands c.thousands d billions

d. billions

Jeremy has Parkinson's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects motor skills. In addition to motor symptoms, Jeremy has noticed changes in his mood, and he feels the need to smoke more cigarettes than he used to. It is likely that Jeremy's ________ is producing less ________ than it needs to. a.motor cortex; acetylcholine b.motor cortex; dopamine c.substantia nigra; acetylcholine d. substantia nigra; dopamine

d. substantia nigra; dopamine

________ is a neurotransmitter with roles in pleasure and pain modulation. a.norepinephrine b.acetylcholine c.GABA d.beta-endorphin

d.beta-endorphin

Diabetes is a(n) ________ disorder because insulin is a ________. a.neurological; neurotransmitter b.neurological; hormone c.endocrine; neurotransmitter d. endocrine; hormone

d.endocrine; hormone

The endocrine system consists of a series of glands that produce chemical substances known as ________. a.factors b.proteins c.neurotransmitters d.hormones

d.hormones