CH 44 PREP U

Which physiologic changes result in menopause?

Cessation of ovarian function and decreased estrogen levels

The nurse providing teaching about the female reproductive system includes which principle?

Ovaries are responsible for ovulation and hormone production.

The nurse is caring for a female client who has a 2-year-old toddler. The client asks, "Is it normal for my breasts to still leak milk? I quit breast-feeding my baby 9 months ago." Which statement is an appropriate response by the nurse?

"A woman may have breast leakage for 3 months to 1 year after the termination of breast-feeding."

The nurse is discussing menstruation with a group of teenaged girls. One girl asks, "Do I ovulate every month that I have a period?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

"It is not necessary for a woman to ovulate to menstruate."

A pregnant client asks the nurse what is causing her lower leg edema, nausea, and constipation that she is experiencing. What is the nurse's best response?

"The increase in progesterone during pregnancy is most likely the cause of these discomforts."

The nurse is teaching a female client who has been prescribed hormone therapy. The client asks, "What does this medication do?" Which statement is an appropriate response by the nurse?

"This medication will help relieve hot flashes and other adverse symptoms of menopause."

The nurse is caring for a 48-year-old female client who asks, "How do you know when you have reached menopause?" Which statement is an appropriate response by the nurse?

"You are considered to be menopausal when you have not menstruated for a full year and the hormone that fluctuates with menstruation no longer fluctuates."

When a woman asks the nurse at what age menopause usually occurs, what should the nurse respond?

48 to 55 years of age

A female client with anorexia nervosa tells the nurse that she has been experiencing amenorrhea. The nurse is aware that this is a result of:

Alteration of critical body fat-to-muscle ratio needed for menses to occur

The environment of the vagina is moist with a pH 4.0 to 4.5. The major purpose of the acidic environment is:

Bacteriostatic

Select the structure primarily responsible for the secretions of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin.

Anterior pituitary gland

A woman of child-bearing age asks the nurse about a natural method to avoid pregnancy. What is an appropriate response?

Avoid sex when cervical mucus is most stretchy.

Long, stretchy cervical mucus that exhibits ferning on a microscope slide is characteristic of:

Crystallization of inorganic salts

How often do most women in the middle reproductive years menstruate?

Every 28 to 30 days

A nurse educator is explaining the process of sexual intercourse, fertilization, and fetal development to a high school biology class. What process should the nurse describe?

Fertilization in the outer portion of the fallopian tube

A woman with a regular 28-day menstrual cycle wishes to become pregnant. At which point in the menstrual cycle is the optimal time for intercourse to end in fertilization of the ovum?

Fourteenth day after menses begins

The ovaries secrete both estrogen and progesterone. What is one function of progesterone in the body?

Increases body temperature at ovulation

A female client is taking antibiotics to treat a skin infection and informs the nurse that she does not think the antibiotics are working because now she thinks she has a vaginal infection. What does the nurse believe has occurred due to the antibiotic use?

The use of the antibiotics decreases the number of lactobacilli in the vagina, which can result in a vaginal infection.

A woman has gone to her gynecologist complaining of pain during intercourse. The physician orders a maturation index on her vaginal scrapings. The results return an index of 75-25-0. The nurse can interpret this to mean:

The woman is experiencing postmenopausal vaginal dryness.

A female client's assessment identifies symptoms of dyspareunia and burning. The nurse is aware that the client may have developed:

atrophic vaginitis

The nurse is checking the pH of a client's vaginal tissue and finds the pH to be 4.3. The nurse interprets this finding as:

normal 4-4.5

The endocrine system is highly involved in the female reproductive system. Which hormones are used to stimulate the primordial follicles?

FSH and LH