Ch 5

Which describes the tissue type of the epidermis?

Kertinized stratified squamous epithelium

Mammary glands only become functional in ______.

Pregnant females

The apocrine sweat glands become active and produce secretory product after ______.

Puberty

The mammary glands of the breasts are modified _____ glands.

apocrine sweat

The two types of connective tissue in the dermis are ________.

areolar and dense irregular

There are no blood vessels in the epidermis. The term for lack of blood vessels is ________.

avascular

Since there are no blood vessels in the epidermis, where does its supply of nutrients come from?

blood vessels in dermis

The predominant type of protein fiber found in the dermis is ________.

collagen

Another name for the skin is the ______ membrane.

cutaneous

The exposed parts of nails and hair are composed of ______, keratinized cells.

dead

The reticular layer of the dermis is ________.

deep to the papillary layer

The reticular layer contains _______.

dense irregular connective tissue

The epidermal ridges interdigitate with the ________.

dermal papillae

The dermal papillae interlock with deep projections of the epidermis called ________.

epidermal ridges

a function of cerumen is to lubricate the __________.

external acoustic meatus

Cerumen, together with tiny hairs along the ear canal, helps trap ______ and keeps them from reaching the eardrum.

foreign parcels and small insects

In the layer of the epidermis called the stratum _______. the process of keratinization begins.

granulosum

The cells of the stratum corner contain large amounts of the protein called ________.

keratin

The cells of the epidermis that produce keratin are called ________.

keratinocytes

Pigment producing cells of the epidermis are

melanocytes

The most numerous and widely distributed sweat glands in the body are ______.

merocrine sweat glands

The two types of sweat glands in the skin are _______ sweat glands and ______ sweat glands.

merocrine, apocrine

The accessory organs of the epidermis are hair, ______, _______ glands and sweat glands.

nails, sebaceous

Sebaceous glands produce (an) _______ material that coats hair shafts and the epidermal surface

oily

During the process of keratinization, ______ disintegrate and the cells start to die. Also their membranes become thicker and less permeable.

organelles

The ______ layer of the dermis contains arelar connective tissue and dermal papillae.

papillary

melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes in the stratum basale via the process of ______ or exostosis

phagocytosis

The secretion produced by apocrine sweat glands is viscous, cloudy, and composed of ______ that are acted upon by bacteria, producing a distinct, noticeable odor.

proteins and lipids

When compressed, tactile cells release chemicals that stimulate _______ endings in the dermis.

sensory nerve

The layer of the skin from which most new epidermal cells are derived from is the ________.

stratum basale

which layer is the most superficial in the epidermis?

stratum corneum

layers of thin skin in order from superficial to deep

stratum corneum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum basale

The stratum granules is just superficial to the ________.

stratum spinosum

The skin houses two types of general exocrine glands, which are ______ glands and _______ glands.

sweat, sebaceous

The major function of merocrine sweat glands is ______.

thermoregulation

tactile cells are sensitive to ________.

touch

The skin is made up of two distinct layers, the ______ and the ______.

epidermis, dermis

The spiny appearance of stratum spinosum cells is primarily due to the tenacious nature of ________, which function to hold these non-dividing cells together.

desmosomes

The keratinocytes within stratum lucid are flattened and filled with the protein ______, an intermediate product in the process of keratin maturation.

eleidin

The secretions of sebaceous glands, called _______ is usually deposited into a _________.

sebum, hair follicle

The stratum lucidum is found only in ________.

thick skin

The secretion from merocrine sweat glands are carried to the surface of the epidermis via _________. The secretions of apocrine sweat glands are carried into _________.

sweat ducts/ hair follicles

Keratinocytes of the epidermis are usually present for about _______ week(s).

4

How many layers of keratinocytes comprise the stratum granulosum?

3-5

The integument accounts for about ______ % of the body weight

8

Sebaceous glands are classified as _____ glands that discharge an oily, waxy secretion called _______.

Holocrine, sebum