CH 5 BUS 107

22) Jeremy has a strong extraversion personality with a moderate level of conscientiousness. In which position will Jeremy most likely be successful? A) personal trainer B) waiter C) bank teller D) police officer E) accountant

A

32) Which of the following Big Five traits is most strongly related to life satisfaction, job satisfaction, and low stress levels? A) emotional stability B) extraversion C) openness to experience D) agreeableness E) conscientiousness

A

33) With reference to the Big Five Model, which of the following statements is true regarding highly agreeable people? A) They tend to do better in interpersonally oriented jobs such as customer service. B) They are less compliant and less rule abiding than those who score low on agreeableness. C) They are more likely to engage in organizational deviance. D) They are excellent negotiators. E) They are especially susceptible to workplace accidents.

A

35) Jane Simpson rates low on conscientiousness. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true about Jane? A) She will be easily distracted. B) She will be creative. C) She will be nervous, depressed, and insecure. D) She will perform better in jobs that require significant interpersonal interaction. E) She will be positive and optimistic.

A

76) When we rank an individual's values in order of their ________, we obtain the person's value system. A) intensity B) content C) context D) social acceptance E) social needs

A

87) You are seeking to fill the position of corporate accountant, and have administered Holland's Vocational Preference Inventory questionnaire to all candidates. The best candidates for the position would have which of the following personality types? A) conventional B) realistic C) enterprising D) investigative E) social

A

Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "________" type are practical and prefer routine and order. A) sensing B) introverted C) feeling D) perceiving E) extraverted

A

Briggs Type Indicator classification of "S or N" stand for? A) sensing/intuitive B) social/thinking C) stable/informative D) sensitive/thinking E) stable/innovative

A

Briggs Type? A) Alan B) Brenda C) Cameron D) Drusilla E) Ellen

A

being and feelings. C) They make more rapid decisions and use less information than the low risk takers do. D) They tend to display their true dispositions and attitudes in every situation and express behavioral inconsistency. E) They are more charismatic and thus are more likely to emerge as leaders and display better psychological health.

A

evaluation.

A

importance, require excessive admiration, and are arrogant D) are easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable E) tend to dislike themselves and view themselves as powerless over their environment

A

monitoring D) Machiavellianism E) agreeableness

A

state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite mode of conduct?" A) values B) attitudes C) affects D) customs E) traditions

A

suited for. Monica is shy, stable, and persistent. Neil is ambitious and energetic and likes to dominate conversations. Jessica is idealistic, impractical, and very imaginative. Walter is efficient and practical, but he lacks imagination and tends to be inflexible. Chris is analytical, independent, and an original thinker. Which of your friends is best suited to being an accountant? A) Walter B) Neil C) Jessica D) Monica E) Chris

A

7) Define personality.

According to Gordon Allport, personality is "the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his environment." Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. We most often describe it in terms of the measurable traits a person exhibits. Early work on the structure of personality tried to identify and label enduring characteristics that describe an individual's behavior, including shy, aggressive, submissive, lazy, ambitious, loyal, and timid traits. When someone exhibits these characteristics in a large number of situations, we call them personality traits of that person. The more consistent the characteristic over time, and the more frequently it occurs in diverse situations, the more important that trait is in describing the individual.

24) Which dimension of the Big Five Model refers to an individual's propensity to defer to others? A) conscientiousness B) agreeableness C) extraversion D) openness to experience E) emotional stability

B

5) According to research, which of the following factors is most likely to influence personality? A) education B) heredity C) friends D) moods E) economic background

B

74) Merry is normally a very quiet person who remains somewhat quiet during conversations and social settings. Merry is also the reigning national debate club champion. According to the Trait Activation Theory, what happens to Merry at competitions? A) She becomes highly narcissistic and is rude to the other competitors. B) Being at the competition causes Merry to draw on normally unused traits. C) Merry stops pretending to be shy. D) Being at the competition causes Merry to internalize. E) Merry wins by not saying much.

B

Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the ________ type are visionaries. They usually have original minds and great drive for their own ideas and purposes. They are skeptical, critical, independent, determined, and often stubborn. A) ESTJ B) INTJ C) ENTP D) ISTJ E) ESFP

B

Briggs Type Indicator as a measure of personality? A) It is very difficult to administer. B) It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another. C) It does not include enough dimensions to differentiate all the variety of human personality. D) It tends to overemphasize intuitive personality traits over analytical personality traits. E) It does not clearly classify a person into any single type.

B

Briggs Type? A) Alan B) Brenda C) Cameron D) Drusilla E) Ellen

B

monitoring E) narcissism

B

orientation E) narcissist

B

suited to being a lawyer? A) Walter B) Neil C) Jessica D) Monica E) Chris

B

term orientation E) uncertainty avoidance

B

term orientation ________. A) are less rule oriented, take more risks, and more readily accept change B) look to the future and value thrift, persistence, and tradition C) treat women as the equals of men in all respects D) emphasize a tight social framework in which people expect others in groups of which they are a part to look after them and protect them E) tolerate large inequalities of power and wealth

B

1) According to Gordon Allport, ________ is/are defined as "the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his environment." A) values B) beliefs C) personality D) attitudes E) perceptions

C

21) Marylyn is a very driven person who seeks to push ideas forward to keep people on their toes; however, she also has a problem with stepping on peoples toes and being overly critical of others. Marylyn probably has high ________ and low ________. A) emotional stability; agreeableness B) openness to experience; agreeableness C) conscientiousness; emotional stability D) conscientiousness; openness to experience E) agreeableness; emotional stability

C

23) Which of the following is not one of the five factors included in the Big Five Model? A) agreeableness B) conscientiousness C) intuitiveness D) emotional stability E) extraversion

C

26) According to the Big Five Model, people who score high on the ________ dimension are creative, curious, and artistically sensitive. A) emotional stability B) extraversion C) openness to experience D) agreeableness E) conscientiousness

C

28) Which dimension of the Big Five Model is a measure of reliability? A) extraversion B) agreeableness C) conscientiousness D) openness to experience E) emotional stability

C

31) The ________ dimension of the Big Five Model addresses range of interests and fascination with novelty. A) agreeableness B) conscientiousness C) openness to experience D) extraversion E) emotional stability

C

4) Marshall and Joe are brothers. Both are very interested in board games and both are very intellectual. Marshall is very kind and caring while Joe is a bit of a nerd. What is the role that genetics has likely played in the personalities of the two brothers? A) most likely nothing, it is all about life experience B) maybe some, after all, they probably grew up together C) even split, genetics and life experience have shaped them D) probably little, genetics are a big factor E) everything, you are who you are

C

56) Varghese is a high level administrator at an organization. Consistently, he calls employees into his office to point out their mistakes and to inform them of flaws within their performance; however, he never praises his employees nor informs them of positive feedback. Varghese most likely has which of the Dark Triad? A) Machiavellianism B) narcissism C) psychopathy D) Machiavellianism and narcissism E) psychopathy and narcissism

C

73) Lydia works as a 911 operator. Her job strength is dictated most likely by ________. A) clarity B) consistency C) constraints D) comprehension E) consequences

C

Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "intuitive" type ________. A) are flexible and spontaneous B) are outgoing, sociable, and assertive C) rely on unconscious processes and look at the "big picture" D) want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured E) rely on their personal values and emotions

C

Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "judging" type ________. A) are quiet and shy B) rely on unconscious processes and look at the "big picture" C) want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured D) are outgoing, sociable, and assertive E) rely on their personal values and emotions

C

Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I" stand for? A) extraverted/intuitive B) emotional/introverted C) extraverted/introverted D) emotional/intuitive E) empathetic/innovative

C

Briggs Type Indicator. A) INTJ B) ESTJ C) ENTP D) ISFP E) ESTP

C

Briggs Type? A) Alan B) Brenda C) Cameron D) Drusilla E) Ellen

C

Type Indicator, you are most likely to have which personality type? A) thinking B) sensing C) introverted D) extroverted E) feeling

C

job fit theory, people belonging to the "realistic" type will be most suitable for the job of a(n) ________. A) painter B) accountant C) mechanic D) lawyer E) biologist

C

line employees and among all big five traits, this trait is most consistently related to job performance. A) Extraversion B) Agreeableness C) Conscientiousness D) Emotional stability E) Openness to experience

C

suited for. Monica is shy, stable, and persistent. Neil is ambitious and energetic and likes to dominate conversations. Jessica is idealistic, impractical, and very imaginative. Walter is efficient and practical, but he lacks imagination and tends to be inflexible. Chris is analytical, independent, and an original thinker. According to Holland's Typology, Monica's personality type is "________." A) investigative B) social C) realistic D) artistic E) enterprising

C

suited for. Monica is shy, stable, and persistent. Neil is ambitious and energetic and likes to dominate conversations. Jessica is idealistic, impractical, and very imaginative. Walter is efficient and practical, but he lacks imagination and tends to be inflexible. Chris is analytical, independent, and an original thinker. Which of your friends is most likely to find a successful career as a writer? A) Walter B) Neil C) Jessica D) Monica E) Chris

C

term orientation

C

27) According to the Big Five Model, a highly conscientious person is most likely to be ________. A) gregarious, assertive, and sociable B) nervous, anxious, depressed, and insecure C) creative, curious, and artistically sensitive D) responsible, organized, dependable, and persistent E) reserved, timid, and quiet

D

29) Marina loves to visit a new country every year. Her hobbies are visiting museums, painting, traveling, and learning new languages. Which dimension of the Big Five Model best describes Marina, according to her hobbies? A) extraversion B) agreeableness C) conscientiousness D) openness to experience E) emotional stability

D

36) You wish to predict job satisfaction for each of your employees. Which of the five facets of personality will probably be of the most interest in this case? A) extraversion B) agreeableness C) conscientiousness D) emotional stability E) openness to experience

D

38) Why are agreeable people usually less successful in their careers? A) They aren't happy in their lives. B) They aren't liked by superiors. C) They don't make many friends. D) They don't negotiate well. E) They are prone to impulsive behavior.

D

54) High Machs ________ than do low Machs. A) manipulate less B) perform better in situations that have several rules and regulations C) win less D) are persuaded less E) persuade others less

D

72) Which of the following is not indicative of situational strength? A) clarity B) consistency C) constraints D) comprehension E) consequences

D

Briggs Type Indicator can be best described as a(n) ________. A) visionary B) conceptualizer C) innovator D) organizer E) leader

D

Briggs Type Indicator classifies people in all of the following categories except ________. A) extraverted/introverted B) sensing/intuitive C) perceiving/judging D) independent/dependent E) thinking/feeling

D

job fit theory presents six personality types. Which of the following is one of these six types? A) analytic B) imaginative C) practical D) investigative E) intuitive

D

job fit theory, people belonging to the "investigative" type tend to be ________. A) imaginative, disorderly, and idealistic B) shy, genuine, and persistent C) sociable, friendly, and cooperative D) analytical, curious, and independent E) conforming, efficient, and practical

D

job fit theory, people belonging to the ________ type prefer verbal activities in which there are opportunities to influence others and attain powers. A) realistic B) conventional C) artistic D) enterprising E) investigative

D

monitoring E) high on conscientiousness

D

monitors ________. A) tend to be more mobile in their careers B) pay closer attention to the behavior of others C) receive better performance ratings D) are less likely to emerge as leaders E) show less commitment to their organizations

D

self monitoring D) narcissistic E) high Machiavellianism

D

suited. You know that your customers are demanding and sometimes difficult. So the salesperson should be able to withstand high levels of stress. Which personality dimension taps a person's ability to withstand stress? A) extraversion B) openness to experience C) conscientiousness D) emotional stability E) agreeableness

D

term orientation C) masculinity D) collectivism E) power distance

D

term orientation D) uncertainty avoidance E) individualism

D

2) ________ is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. A) Talent B) Skill C) Knowledge D) Intelligence E) Personality

E

25) According to the Big Five Model, a person who scores ________ is easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable. A) low on emotional stability B) high on openness to experience C) low on agreeableness D) high on extraversion E) low on conscientiousness

E

3) Which of the following statements is true about personality? A) Personality is independent of environmental factors. B) Personality is static. C) The most common means of measuring personality is through personal interviews. D) Personality is not affected by hereditary factors. E) Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

E

37) Which of the following differentiates introverts from extraverts? A) As compared to extraverts, introverts tend to be happier in their jobs and in their lives as a whole. B) Introverts are more socially dominant than extraverts. C) Introverts experience more positive emotions than extraverts. D) Introverts are generally more assertive than extraverts. E) Introverts are less impulsive than extraverts.

E

52) A high Mach would be most suited for which of the following positions? A) a manager who leads a team of geographically distant consultants B) a human resources manager who ensures staff firings do not place the company in legal jeopardy C) an ombudsman who investigates consumer complaints and mediates their outcome D) an auditor who checks that all company accounts are kept properly E) a real estate broker negotiating the lease of large amounts of office space

E

57) Harvey is a very exciting person, people want to be friends with him, and find his company very desirable. Harvey usually takes the lead within his circle of friends and seldom considers what others want. Most likely, Harvey has which of the Dark Triad? A) Machiavellianism B) narcissism C) psychopathy D) Machiavellianism and narcissism E) psychopathy and narcissism

E

77) Which of the following statements is not true regarding values? A) They are partly determined by our genetically transmitted traits. B) They tend to be relatively stable and enduring. C) They have both content and intensity attributes. D) They carry an individual's ideas as to what is right, good, or desirable. E) There is no substantial variability in values across cultures.

E

Briggs Type Indicator

E

Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "________" type are flexible and spontaneous. A) thinking B) extraverted C) introverted D) feeling E) perceiving

E

job fit theory, people belonging to the "enterprising" type prefer ________. A) activities that involve helping others B) activities that involve thinking, organizing, and understanding C) physical activities that require skill, strength, and coordination D) ambiguous and imaginative activities that allow creative expression E) activities in which there are opportunities to influence others and attain power

E

51) Compare the characteristics of extraverts with those of introverts.

Extraverts tend to be happier in their jobs and in their lives as a whole. They experience more positive emotions than do introverts, and they more freely express these feelings. They also tend to perform better in jobs that require significant interpersonal interaction, perhaps because they have more social skills-they usually have more friends and spend more time in social situations than introverts. Finally, extraversion is a relatively strong predictor of leadership emergence in groups; extraverts are more socially dominant, "take charge" sorts of people, and they are generally more assertive than introverts. One downside of extraversion is that extraverts are more impulsive than introverts; they are more likely to be absent from work and engage in risky behavior such as unprotected sex, drinking, and other impulsive or sensation

44) According to the Big Five Model, a person who scores low on the openness to experience dimension tends to be nervous, anxious, depressed, and insecure.

FALSE

45) The openness to experience dimension of the Big Five Model captures our comfort level with relationships.

FALSE

46) Generally, agreeableness is associated with higher levels of career success (especially earnings).

FALSE

6) Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors but research has tended to support the importance of the environment over heredity.

FALSE

Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "feeling" type are flexible and spontaneous.

FALSE

monitoring managers.

FALSE

monitors.

FALSE

regulated, orderly, and unambiguous activities.

FALSE

evaluation on job performance.

People who have positive core self

monitoring.

Self

59) High Machs perform better when they interact face to face with others rather than indirectly.

TRUE

82) Values tend to be stable and enduring.

TRUE

Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "judging" type want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured.

TRUE

workers and believes that the ends can justify the means. Janet would rate high in Machiavellianism.

TRUE

49) Describe conscientiousness and explain how it can predict behavior at work.

The Big Five conscientiousness dimension is a measure of reliability. A highly conscientious person is responsible, organized, dependable, and persistent. Those who score low on this dimension are easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable. Employees who score higher in conscientiousness develop higher levels of job knowledge, probably because highly conscientious people learn more. Higher levels of job knowledge contribute to higher levels of job performance. Conscientiousness is important for managers and for front

Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classifies people?

The Myers

job fit theory.

The effort to match job requirements with personality characteristics is best articulated in John Holland's personality

50) Describe the Big Five personality dimension of emotional stability and explain how it can predict behavior at work.

The emotional stability dimension, often labeled by its converse, neuroticism, taps a person's ability to withstand stress. People with positive emotional stability tend to be calm, self

48) Briefly describe the five key traits in the Big Five personality model.

The five key traits in the Big Five personality model are: a) Extraversion: The extraversion dimension captures our comfort level with relationships. Extraverts tend to be gregarious, assertive, and sociable. Introverts tend to be reserved, timid, and quiet. b) Agreeableness: The agreeableness dimension refers to an individual's propensity to defer to others. Highly agreeable people are cooperative, warm, and trusting. People who score low on agreeableness are cold, disagreeable, and antagonistic. c) Conscientiousness: The conscientiousness dimension is a measure of reliability. A highly conscientious person is responsible, organized, dependable, and persistent. Those who score low on this dimension are easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable. d) Emotional stability: The emotional stability dimension-often labeled by its converse, neuroticism-taps a person's ability to withstand stress. People with positive emotional stability tend to be calm, self

60) Describe the personality characteristic of Machiavellianism.

The personality characteristic of Machiavellianism (often abbreviated Mach) is named after Niccolo Machiavelli, who wrote in the sixteenth century on how to gain and use power. An individual high in Machiavellianism is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes ends can justify means. "If it works, use it" is consistent with a high

83) What are values?

Values represent basic convictions that "a specific mode of conduct or end