Mastering A&P Ch. 6 & 7
Part complete Put the steps of endochondral ossification in the correct order. 1: Formation of medullary cavity and appearance of secondary ossification centers 2: Cavitation of hyaline cartilage within the cartilage model 3: Invasion of internal cavities by periosteal bud and spongy bone formation 4: Ossification of epiphyses; hyaline cartilage remains at epiphyseal plates and articular cartilages 5: Formation of bone collar around hyaline cartilage model
5, 2, 3, 1, 4
lacks a vertebral body
Atlas vertebra
has a tooth-like dens
Axis vertebra
Which of the following statements is/are true of epiphyseal plates throughout bone growth? Secretion of osteoid takes place in both osteocytes and osteoblasts at the epiphyseal plates during early bone growth. The epiphyseal plates grow longer so that the bones contain proportionally more cartilage until late adolescence. The epiphyseal plates are longest early in childhood, but as they are replaced by bone tissue, they get shorter. Cartilage is replaced by bone tissue on the diaphysis side as quickly as it grows, causing the epiphyseal plates to maintain a constant thickness. Division of osteoblasts in the proliferation zone causes the epiphyseal plates to be the strongest region of bone.
Cartilage is replaced by bone tissue on the diaphysis side as quickly as it grows, causing the epiphyseal plates to maintain a constant thickness.
formed by 5 fused vertebrae; joins the coccyx inferiorly
Sacrum
have costal facets for articulation with the heads of ribs; superior articular facets point posteriorly
Thoracic vertebrae
vertebral foramen are triangular; short, bifid spinous processes
cervical vertebrae 3-7
offers a slight amount of support to pelvic organs; 3-5 fused vertebrae
coccyx
A long bone that is fractured midshaft has damaged the meniscus. articular cartilage. epiphysis. diaphysis.
diaphysis.
The types of fractures that are common in children are __________. epiphyseal and greenstick spiral and comminuted compression and comminuted depression
epiphyseal and greenstick
All of the following openings are part of or within the temporal bone EXCEPT the __________. internal acoustic meatus carotid canal external acoustic meatus foramen lacerum foramen rotundum
foramen rotundum
Which list contains only bones that form part of the orbit of the eye? lacrimal, nasal, and sphenoid bones sphenoid, zygomatic, and temporal bones frontal, ethmoid, and lacrimal bones palatine, nasal, and maxillary bones nasal, lacrimal, and temporal bones
frontal, ethmoid, and lacrimal bones
During endochondral ossification, which of the listed types of tissue is replaced by bone? osteoblasts fibrocartilage hyaline cartilage osteoclasts mesenchyme
hyaline cartilage
Cranial nerves IX, X, and XI pass through the __________ foramen spinosum cribriform plate superior orbital fissure carotid canal jugular foramen
jugular foramen
Osteoblasts originate from what type of precursor cells? hematopoietic stem cells mesenchyme cells osteoclasts bone marrow
mesenchyme cells
The spine of the scapula __________. is on the anterior surface of the scapula is the indentation that serves as a passageway for the suprascapular nerve is the same as its medial border separates the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae and ends in the acromion is the shortest border of the scapula
separates the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae and ends in the acromion is the shortest border of the scapula
Which hormone modulates the effects of growth hormone to ensure that the skeleton remains proportional? thyroid hormone growth hormone sex hormones (androgens and estrogens) parathyroid hormone None of the listed responses is correct.
thyroid hormone