Ch.1 - Ch.6

A legal obligation of public and certain other ambulance services to respond to a call for help in their jurisdiction is called: A. duty B. negligence C. immunity D. proximate cause

A

A paramedics actions are considered to be grossly negligent if he or she: A. willfully or wantonly deviates from the standard of care. B. makes a simple mistake that causes harm to the patient. C. only provides basic life support to a critical patient. D. does not consult with online medical control first.

A

A protocol is most accurately defined as a: A. treatment plan for a specific illness or injury B. nationally accepted standard of care C. verbal order given by the medical director D. agreement between the paramedic and physician

A

A type of research in which the disease process and treatment for a single patient are written about is called a: A. case study B. case-control study C. cross-sectional study D. cohort study

A

Abandonment occurs when: A. care of a patient was terminated without his or her consent. B. an emergency nurse takes a verbal report from a paramedic. C. a patient is release and did not require further medical care. D. a patient refuses care and subsequently dies of his condition.

A

Airbags installed in an automobile are more likely to reduce injuries than educating people to wear their seat belts because: A. air bags do not require conscious effort on a person's part. B. failure to wear a seat belt in not punishable by law. C. air bags are more effective than seat belts during a crash. D. automobile manufacturers are required to install air bags.

A

Any time you need to move a patient who cannot or should not walk, it is most important to consider: A. The need for extra help B. why the patient cannot walk C. the type of moving device needed D. how far the patient must be moved

A

Following a safety check at the home of a 78 year old female, handrails are installed in the shower to prevent falls. This is an example of which type of prevention? A. primary B. quaternary C. tertiary D. Secondary

A

Generally, the paramedic is not at liberty to disregard a physicians order unless. A. carrying out the order will cause harm to the patient. B. the physician is not a licensed emergency physician. C. the physician is not the paramedics medical director. D. it is documented why the order was not carried out.

A

In order to provide the best possible patient care, the paramedic must: A. establish and maintain credibility and instill confidence. B. appear competent, even if he or she feels incompetent. C. disregard negative judgments made by the patients D. project a sympathetic demeanor toward all patients

A

Most lawsuits against EMS providers result from: A. ambulance collisions B. substandard patient care C. gross infractions of the law D. unethical acts

A

Near miss events should be: A. reported to agency leadership. B. shared only between trusted partners. C. reflected on but not reported D. posted to EMS groups on social media

A

Prolonged or excessive stress has been proven to be a strong contributor to: A. depression B. schizophrenia C. bipolar disorder D. hypotension

A

Resuscitation team performance can be improved by: A. assigning team member roles and tasks while en route to the scene. B. limiting the team to only two experienced paramedics C. each member of the team working independently of each other. D. the most experience provider performing all advanced skills.

A

Scope of practice is defined as: A. care that a paramedic is permitted to perform under the certifying state. B. protocols agreed upon by consensus of emergency physicians. C. the level of care that an EMS employer allows the paramedic to provide D. national patient care guidelines established by the federal government.

A

The leading cause of death in the united states is: A. heart disease B. unintentional injury C. cancer D. stroke

A

Which of the following least demonstrates the ability to be a good follower? A. respecting authority B. Keeping ego in check C. Demanding conformity D. admitting errors

C

The statement " The bicycle safety program will increase the rate of helmet use by children younger than 18 years of age from 30% to 50% within the next 18 months," is an example of a: A. outcome objective B. process objective C. short-term objective D. proactive intervention

A

The wrongful act that gives rise to a civil suit is called: A. a tort B. negligence C. liability D. damage

A

Transporting a competent adult patient without his or her consent would most likely result in allegations of: A. false imprisonment. B. battery C. assault D. criminal trespassing

A

What instructions or guidance would an emergency medical dispatcher most likely provide to a caller? A. How to control Bleeding and perform CPR B. How to obtain a blood pressure by palpation C. How to administer prescribed antihypertensives D. How to properly use a bag-mask device

A

Within a just culture framework, choosing to take an unjustifiable risk is considered: A. reckless B. human error C. dangerous D. measured risk

A

You almost administered an incorrect dose of a medication but realized the error before administering the drug. This can best defined as a: A. near-miss event B. consequence C. incident D. accident

A

You are working with a new partner. How can you work more effectively together as a team? A. discuss preferred work practices at the start of the shift. B. direct the partner to follow your lead on the first call. C. assume the new partner will follow standard practices D. ask the partner to tell you what to do during the shift.

A

if a 16 year old child is killed in a car crash, how many years of potential life are lost? A. 49 B. 54 C. 42 D. 37

A

when deciding which medical facility is most appropriate for your patients needs, it is MOST important to: A. know the capabilities of all the hospitals in your area. B. ask the patient where his or her physician is located. C. be knowledgeable of the major streets and highways D. consider the distance from the scene to the hospital.

A

A CQI program should primarily focus on: A. identifying incompetent medics. B. improving patient care delivery. C. reviewing all patient care reports. D. modifying protocols as needed

B

A major distinction between a paramedic and an EMT is that the paramedic. A. Can function independently of a physician B. Carries out advanced pharmacologic skills. C. is held to a higher professional standard. D. is more likely to be sued for negligence

B

All of the following are ways to increase decision-making skills, except: A. preplanning B. memorization C. training D. experience

B

If a conflict arises between a paramedic and a physician by stander in the field, the paramedic should: A. politely ask the physician to leave the scene. B. contact medical control to seek resolution C. involve law enforcement in the incident. D. become subordinate to the physician.

B

Informed consent involves: A. explaining the rationale for an invasive procedure to a patient after you have already performed it. B. ensuring that a patient understands the potential risks involved in performing a particular procedure. C. carefully explaining the potential ramifications of refusing emergency medical treatment. D. a patient verbally expressing his or her wishes for you to proceed with emergency medical treatment.

B

One method to prevent medication errors is to: A. avoid giving medications unless the are truly needed. B. have your partner verify your dosage prior to administration. C. memorize the color of each medications packaging. D. ask you paramedic partner to administer all medications.

B

The correct management response to a human error within a just culture framework is to: A. Coach B. console C. punish D. prevent

B

The first EMT textbook, Emergency care and transportation of the sick and injured, was published in 1971 by the: A. National association of EMS educators (NAEMSE) B. American academy of orthopaedic surgeons (AAOS) C. american College of emergency physicians (ACEP) D. American Association of critical care nurses (AACN)

B

Which aspect of HIPAA is most pertinent to the paramedic? A. disclosing patient information to the media B. ensuring that the patients privacy is protected C. Recovering funds from insurance companies D. Documenting a thorough patient assessment

B

Which of the following contributes the highest years of potential life lost (YPLL) overall? A. Cancer (all types) B. injury C. heart disease D. Stroke

B

Which of the following statements regarding the paramedic physician relationship is correct. A. State EMS legislation is responsible for appointing medical directors. B. The paramedic will be held accountable for his or her own actions. C. The physician is not authorized to restrict the paramedics practice. D. The physician is legally accountable for actions taken by an employer.

B

Which of the following would be the most effective intervention in preventing serious head and chest injuries in a motor vehicle crash? A. Showing high school children graphic video footage of fatal vehicle crashes. B. Mandating that all new vehicles be manufactured with automatic seat belts C. offering a free safety helmet when a consumer purchases a new bicycle D. Educating mass numbers of people on the importance of wearing seatbelts

B

You are coming off an 8-hour shift. Your relief has arrived and is visibly feeling ill. Which of the following actions most contributes to a culture of safety? A. Make your relief a bowl of soup before you leave. B. offer to cover the shift so your relief can go home. C. Tell your relief to find coverage so he can go home D. Ask your relief's partner to do most of the work.

B

You are treating a 24-year-old male with multiple gunshot wounds to the chest and abdomen. You are beginning to control bleeding. What action should you direct your EMT partner to take? A. Call medical control on the radio. B. assist with bleeding control measures. C. Get the stretcher from the ambulance. D. obtain a set of vital signs.

B

Your back hurts after lifting a patient, and you are worried that you may not have used the most appropriate lifting technique. Which of the following is the most appropriate action? A. Wait a few days to see if the pain goes way on it own. B. Report the incident to your supervisor right away. C. Tell your supervisor about the incident a few days later. D. Follow up with your primary care provider.

B

consequences of poor nutrition include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. heart disease B. hair loss C. diabetes D. obesity

B

unintentional injuries account for approximately what percentage of all injuries? A. 0% to less than 30% B. 90% or more C. 30% to less than 60% D. 60% to less than 90%

B

Which of the following is one of the 10 system elements developed by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in an effort to sustain EMS systems? A. Fully enhanced 9-1-1 B. Paramedic supervisors C. Medical direction D. Continued federal funding

C

What is the recommended exercise routine for most adults. A. At least 1 hour a day of mild to moderate physical activity. B. At least 30 minutes a day of moderate to vigorous exercise. C. At least 20 minutes a day of moderate to vigorous exercise every other day. D. No more than 2 hours of vigorous exercise every other day.

B.

A 2013 study titled "injuries and fatalities among emergency medical technicians and paramedics in the united states" revealed that being awake for ______ hours is equal to being legally intoxicated. A. 24 B. 36 C. 21 D. 30

C

A paramedic is considered a health care professional, and as such should: A. demand respect from others who are in the EMS profession. B. obtain more than the required amount of continuing education. C. Meet societal expectations whether he or she is on or off duty. D. maintain higher standards than other health care professionals.

C

A scientific approach to research in which a researcher controls, manipulates, and then measure one or more variables to ascertain how manipulating the variables affects the subjects is called _________ research. A. nonexperimental B. qualitative C. experimental D. prospective

C

After ensuring your own personal safety, your next priority should be to: A. ensure the safety of your patient B. proceed quickly with patient care C. make sure that your partner is safe D. provide safety for any bystanders

C

Which of the following is the most common cause of injuries that occur at school? A. Gang fights B. School bus crashes C. Sports-related incidents D. Drug-related insidents

C

An advance directive is MOST accurately defined as a: A. A legal document that describes which life-sustaining procedures are to be performed if the patients condition acutely deteriorates. B. general guideline provided to the paramedic by the medical director that stipulates the level of care provided to terminally ill patients. C. written document that expresses the wants, needs, and desires of a patient in reference to his or her future medical care. D. notarized document that is executed by a terminally ill patients family when the patient develops cardiopulmonary arrest.

C

Because a lawsuit may not begin until several years after the paramedic cares for a patient. A. all paramedics should carry malpractice insurance. B. the paramedic should follow up with the patient regularly. C. it is essential to maintain good documentation on any call. D. the paramedic should place an attorney on retainer

C

Being empathetic toward a patient means that you: A. feel a sense of sorrow for the patient. B. know exactly how the patient feels C. acknowledge the patients feelings D. reassure the patient of your competence

C

Foods made from eggs are considered part of what food group? A. Vegetables B. Dairy C. Protein D. Grains

C

If you are approached by a coworker who has noticed a negative change in your behavior, you should. A. thank your coworker, but let him or her know your are okay. B. ask your supervisor to be moved to a different station. C. keep an open mind regarding what the coworker has noticed. D. request to speak to a psychologist as soon as possible.

C

In 2016, the leading cause of death by unintentional injury was: A. falls B. choking C. poisoning D. drowning

C

It is important to become involved in a national or state EMS organization, such as the National Association of EMTs or the National Association of State EMS Officials, Because: A. such organizations promote unique EMS training standards for each state. B. membership in a professional organization is a tax-deductible expense. C. such organizations have an impact on the future direction of EMS. D. these organizations offer continuing education for all EMS providers.

C

Mobile army surgical hospitals (M*A*S*H) saved thousands of soldiers lives during the korean war by: A. performing surgery withing 30 minutes of the injury. B. deploying combat medics to retrieve wounded soldiers. C. bringing the hospital facilities closer to the battlefield. D. using helicopters to airlift casualties to the United States.

C

Patients with decision-making capacity: A. cannot refuse EMS treatment and transport after the have given consent for it. B. cannot withdraw consent unless their conditions are deemed to be non-life threatening. C. have the right to refuse all or part of the emergency medical care offered to them. D. must agree to EMS transport if the give consent for emergency medical treatment.

C

Regardless of a paramedic's circadian rhythms, he or she should. A. vary his or her sleep schedule B. only consume minimal caffeine C. not overlook the need for rest D. eat at different times of the day.

C

The entity that was created in 1966 and that provides authority and financial support for the development of basic and advanced life support programs is the: A. Centers for disease Control and prevention. B. National Highway safety department C. United States Department of Transportation D. National Associations of EMT's.

C

The evidence based guidelines for reducing fatigue in EMS personnel recommend shifts no longer than: A. 12 hours B. 16 hours C. 24 hours D. 8 hours

C

The good samaritan law was originally passed in order to: A. encourage paramedics to respond while on duty B. discourage EMS systems from billing the patient C. encourage the public to help at emergency scenes. D. provide immunity from liability to the paramedic

C

The most effective way to deal with stress is to: A. recognize what causes the stress and eliminate it from your life. B. seek psychiatric assistance and request a mild sedative drug. C. identify the stress triggers and take action to minimize their effects. D. avoid caffeine and get a minimum of 12 hours of sleep every day.

C

To protect you back when lifting , you should: A. use the powerful muscles of your lower back to help support weight. B. maintain a slight curvature of your back whenever you lift a patient. C. keep your back in a straight, upright position and lift without twisting. D. spread your legs approximately 6 inches apart whenever you lift.

C

Using safety latches to prevent children from opening cabinets from opening cabinets that contain potentially dangerous substances such as cleaning products is an example of which of the 4 E's of prevention. A. economic incentive B. education C. engineering/environment D. enforcement

C

When driving the ambulance to the scene with lights and sirens, you should do all of the following except: A. ask your partner to handle radio communications B. limit distractions such as music or small talk. C. talk with the dispatcher on a cell phone. D. allow your partner to serve as the navigator

C

When returning your unit to service following a call, the responsibility of ensuring that the unit is restocked and ready for another call rest. A. the shift captain or supervisor B. the paramedic in charge C. everyone on the EMS team D. the medic who was driving

C

Which of the following general statements regarding injuries and injury prevention is correct? A. intentional injuries usually do not occur in the context of violence B. intentional injuries account for the vast majority of all injuries. C. Risk factors are characteristics that increase the likelihood of injury. D. unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death in all age groups.

C

Which of the following is addressed in the EMTALA? A. allowing a woman who is in active labor to be transported to a distant hospital. B. Requiring EMS to transport all patients to the closest medical treatment facility. C. Preventing medical facilities from denying medical screening and stabilization. D. Discouraging private individuals from suing if a hospital has violated the law.

C

Which of the following is not a component of well-being that is essential for a healthy life? A. Mental B. Emotional C. Financial D. Physical

C

Which of the following statements regarding stress is correct? A. Nearly everyone finds the same events or situations stressful to some degree. B. Most people see distress as non-injurious and are able to adapt to it easily. C. The specific event that triggers a stress reaction varies from person to person. D. eustress is the type of stress that a person finds overwhelming and debilitating.

C

You have a partner who si tired near the end of a 24-hour shift. Which of the following actions is least appropriate to take? A. See if his relief is able to come in early so he can rest before going home. B. Tell him to take a nap while you listen for a call from dispatch. C. Ask him to take care of the next patient, and you'll drive. D. Offer him a cup of coffee or other caffeinated beverage.

C

A major recommendation made by the 2009 National EMS education standards for paramedic training was the: A. addition of 750 hours of clinical and field training above and beyond classroom education. B. prerequisite that all paramedic students possess a minimum of an associates's degree. C. removal of endotracheal intubation from the minimum core content of the training program. D. inclusion of a college-level anatomy and physiology course as part of the training program.

D

A reasonable paramedic should follow the same _________ that another paramedic in a similar situation would. A. medical practice act B. wishes of the family C. scope of practice D. standard of care

D

According to the American public Health Association, public health is defined as: A. the provision of healthcare to individuals who are not eligible for insurance. B. the provision of clinical services to those who do not have adequate health insurance. C. the practice of providing preventative care to specific geographic regions. D. the practice of preventing disease and promoting good health within groups of people.

D

According to the Haddon matrix, which of the following is an example of a pre-event strategy used to prevent injury of a child who is riding in a motor vehicle? A. A driver maintaining control of his or her vehicle B. Outfitting ambulances with pediatric-sized equipment C. Training bystanders in basic pediatric first aid D. Reducing driving during high-risk times

D

According to the USDA dietary guidelines, the keys to controlling body weight include: A. consuming more calories and eating fewer vegetables. B. drinking less water per day and exercising regularly C. exercising more and increasing your caloric intake. D. eating fewer calories while increasing physical activity.

D

As an advocate for your patient, you must: A. keep suspicions of abuse or neglect to yourself if the patient fears retribution from the abuser. B. treat all patients the same, regardless of differences in lifestyle, culture, and personal values. C. allow your personal feelings to affect the quality of care that you provide to your patients. D. act in the patient's best interest and remain respectful of his or her wishes and beliefs.

D

EMS providers who work 24 hour shifts are prone to poor nutritional habits on the job because: A. they have a higher call volume B. their water intake often is increased C. They are faced with greater stress D. their meals are interrupted frequently

D

From an injury prevention standpoint, the term "intervention" is defined as: A. participating in a mortality/morbidity review following a series of major motor vehicle crashes. B. on the spot education of an injured person regarding how his or her injury could have been prevented. C. any activity or measure that is performed following an injury and that is designed to decrease mortality. D. specific prevention measure or activities to increase positive health and safety outcomes.

D

If health care providers show up to work in shape: A. they will be able to tolerate higher call volumes B. sleep deprivation will not affect them C. their patient care will be better D. they are less likely to get hurt

D

If the receiving facility does not have adequate resources to take care of your patient, you should next determine whether: A. an emergency physician should be dispatched to the scene. B. a BLS ambulance can transport the patient to a distant hospital C. transport the patient by ambulance is absolutely necessary. D. There is an appropriate facility within a reasonable distance.

D

In contrast to secondary prevention, primary prevention focuses on: A. reducing the effects of an injury that has already occurred. B. rehabilitating a person who has survived and injury. C. rapid transport to an appropriate medical facility. D. Keeping an injury from occurring in the first place.

D

Lack of comunication, complacency, and fatigue all cause: A. reviews B. layoffs C. supspensions D. errors

D

Performing the functions of a paramedic prior to licensure is: A. immoral B. permissible C. unethical D. unlawful

D

Prior to conducting a research project in which people will be used as subjects, it is most important: A. randomly select the subjects using the alternative time sampling method. B. select subjects who are non biased and have no knowledge of the project. C. ensure that all the subjects are fully briefed on the perceived outcome. D. obtain consent from the subjects and ensure their safety and well being.

D

Proximate cause is most accurately defined as: A. an act of ordinary ro gross negligence that resulted in further harm to the patient. B. an action on the part of the paramedic that improved the patients condition. C. a direct relationship between the mechanism of injury and the patient's injury. D. a link between the paramedics improper action and the patients injury.

D

Select the correct order of the five steps of developing a prevention program. A. define the problem, set goals and objectives, conduct a community assessment, plan and test interventions, implement and evaluate interventions. B. Conduct a community assessment, set goals and objectives, define the problem, plan and test interventions, implement and evaluate interventions C. Define the problem, conduct a community assessment, set goals and objectives, plan and test interventions, implement and evaluate interventions. D. Conduct a community assessment, define the problem, set goals and objectives, plan and test interventions, implement and evaluate interventions.

D

The 2009 National EMS education Standards: A. require inclusion of a college-level pathophysiology course within the paramedic program. B. clearly state that all paramedic training programs must be at least 1,200 hours in length. C. mandate that the paramedic designation must be achieved through an associate degree program. D. outline the minimum knowledge base that the paramedic must possess in order to function in the field

D

The BEST way for a paramedic to sustain energy is to: A. eat a large meal at the beginning of his or her shift. B. Drink fewer than four caffeinated beverages before work. C. limit water intake to less than 16 ounces per day. D. carry numerous small snacks that can be eaten slowly.

D

The ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of injury data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice is called: A. mortality review. B. the Haddon matrix C. morbidity tracking D. injury surveillance

D

Which of the following actions should you take to assist your partner when he or she is driving with lights and sirens to a scene? A. Help your partner to finish a meal B. Begin filling out the patient care report C. talk with a supervisor on your phone D. scan the roadway for potential hazards

D

Which of the following diseases is contagious? A. pneumonia B. Malaria C. tetanus D. Hepatitis B

D

Which of the following habits will increase your exposure to injury from lifting your maximum weight? A. Utilizing a second person to help lift the foot end of the cot if needed. B. Ensuring that the patient is aware the he or she is about to be lifted. C. Removing all unnecessary equipment from the cot before loading it. D. Routinely lowering the ambulance stretcher all the way to the ground.

D

Which of the following is the BEST example of a teachable moment? A. Being stern with a man in front of his family when telling him that he would not have fallen from the roof if his son had been helping him. B. Telling a babysitter that the child for whom she was caring would not have been injured had the babysitter practiced safer babysitting habits. C. Lecturing the parent of a small child in cardiac arrest that the parent should have placed a fence around the swimming pool D. advising the unrestrained passenger with minor injuries following a motor vehicle accident that she easily could have been killed.

D

Which of the following statements regarding emergency vehicle laws is correct? A. The Star of Life insignia permits and ambulance to run a red light or stop sign if it is safe. B. Most states allow an emergency vehicle to exceed the speed limit by 20 MPH if it is safe to do so. C. an ambulance must use it lights and siren when transporting any acutely ill or injured patient. D. all state statutes require emergency vehicles to be operated in a safe and prudent manner.

D

Which of the following would most likely cause the lowest number of years of potential life lost (YPLL) A. congenital heart disease B. Trauma C. Suicide D. Cancer

D

You are a smoke who is trying to quit, you must first understand that: A. second-hand cigarette smoke is a health hazard to others. B. You will need the guidance of a physician or psychotherapist. C. smoking cessation medications are usually the most effective. D. Smoking is a true addiction and quitting may not be easy

D

You have made a medication error, but no harm has come to the patient. What is the most appropriate action to take? A. contact your medical director to report the error, and ask if the error should be documented in the patient care report. B. Document the error in the patient care report, but don't notify the hospital staff at the bedside. C. Call your supervisor to report the error, but dont document the error within the patient care report. D. Report the error to the hospital staff at transfer of care, and document the error in the patient care report.

D