Ch18

Which aspect of poverty most alarmed the middle class of the late nineteenth century?

poor children in the cities

During the late nineteenth century, college education for American women ______.

produced a spirit of collective identity and access to communities outside the family

A striking feature of popular entertainment in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century was its ______.

public character

By 1900, the transportation systems of American cities included which of the following?

suspension bridges elevated railroads electric trolleys and cable cars subways

What was most crucial to the development of national press services?

telegraph

Before the Civil War, most Americans thought leisure was ______.

the equivalent of laziness or sloth

What was the purpose of the National Consumers League?

to mobilize the power of female consumers to improve working conditions

Attempts by educational reformers to extend educational opportunities to Native Americans were ______.

unsuccessful because they were abusive and enforced brutal assimilation

Who first demonstrated the telephone in 1876?

Alexander Graham Bell

Baseball first became very popular at the end of the ______.

Civil War

Luna Park and Dreamland were extravagant attractions of ___ ___ in Brooklyn.

Coney Island

Political machines in cities were run by people known as urban ______.

Bosses

After designing New York's ___ Park, Olmsted and Vaux created parks for several other major cities.

Central

Which statement describes an advance in medical practice in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century?

Doctors began to accept the assumption that a symptom was not itself a disease.

How did cultural activities change between the early nineteenth and late nineteenth century?

Elites began developing a cultural life apart from the masses.

Despite the differences in the various immigrant communities, virtually all groups had certain characteristics in common, including which of the following?

Ethnic ties had to compete with the desire for assimilation. Most of the immigrants were young. The immigrants settled in cities.

The rise of consumerism had little impact on the lives of American women.

False

Which statement best describes how late-nineteenth-century immigrants to the United States differed from immigrants to other countries?

Immigrants to other countries tended to come from only one or two other nations.

Which statement best describes a cultural change that accompanied the rise of cities and industry by the late nineteenth century?

People began to see a distinction between "highbrow" and "lowbrow" culture.

Which statement is true regarding the Public Health Service and its attempts to create common health standards?

The agency had few enforcement powers, so it had limited impact.

Which statement best describes where the middle class tended to live in late-nineteenth-century urban areas?

They moved to the edges of the city to find less expensive land.

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, one popular form of entertainment was vaudeville, which featured a variety of acts. What made these vaudeville acts notable?

They often featured Black performers.

Why did rural Americans tend to reject Darwinism?

They tended to be more fundamentalist than urban Americans.

Which statement best identifies why the wealthy contributed to building public spaces in urban centers?

They wished to advance their own social status.

Where did American football originate?

U.S. colleges and universities

Much of the public criticized Kate Chopin's novel The Awakening because it depicted ______.

a woman who leaves her family for personal fulfillment

Literary realism was an attempt to ______.

accurately portray American life

What spurred the rise of public schooling?

an increasing demand for specialized skills and scientific knowledge

What is a land-grant institution of higher education?

an institution that is located on land donated by the federal government

Real estate developers created suburban communities that would ______.

appeal to city-dwellers' nostalgia for the countryside

By only selling American products, non-ethnic merchants encouraged immigrants to accept American diets, clothing, and lifestyles, thus advancing the process of ___

assimilation

The new ___ stores, some in nation-wide networks, offered a wider array of goods at lower prices than small local stores.

chain

In the nineteenth century, vaudeville theater ______.

consisted of a variety of stage acts that were inexpensive to produce

A society interested in buying goods is practicing ______.

consumerism

It was most common to find urban Black people working which jobs in the late nineteenth century?

cooks janitors domestic servants

The federal government created the Public Health Service in 1912 to monitor ______.

diseases associated with certain occupations

In the 1800s, Harvard, Yale, and other Ivy League schools often received resources through ______.

donations from philanthropists

Settling in ethnic communities helped immigrants adjust to life in the United States by ______.

giving them access to information in their own languages

Fundamental to Darwinism, the theory of natural section suggests that ______.

humans evolved from earlier species

Which factor most accounted for the increase in urban populations in the half century after the Civil War?

immigration

In the early twentieth century, efforts to improve occupational safety ______.

included a new federal regulatory agency

Early department stores in the United States tended to be in ______.

large cities

In the late nineteenth century, Americans ______.

left rural areas for growing Eastern and Midwestern cities

In his books The Theory of Prosperity and The New Basis of Civilization, economist Simon Patten challenged long-standing views of ______.

leisure

As working hours declined for many late-nineteenth-century workers, ___ time rose.

leisure, free, vacation, recreation, or liesure

Which Christian movement harmonized scientific discoveries with their religious beliefs?

liberal Protestantism

Which term best characterizes the middle-class response to late-nineteenth-century urban poverty?

limited

The use of blood transfusions in medical treatments allowed for ______.

longer and more elaborate operations

Women who attended college, after the Civil War, tended to ______.

marry later than women who did not attend college

In the later part of the nineteenth century, urban growth made ________ a necessity.

mass transit

By 1900, many farmers had more free time due to the ______.

mechanization of agriculture

Which term best characterizes the Bell System?

monopoly

The consumer economy had which effect on women?

new employment opportunities

By 1914, William Randolph Hearst was a prominent member of what industry?

publishing

The political machines of the cities in the late nineteenth century owed their existence to the ______.

rapid growth of urban America and the influx of millions of immigrants

Which three of the following most contributed to the growing consumerism in the United States?

rising incomes mass production techniques technological innovations

In 1920 it was revealed that for the first time, the majority of Americans lived in ______.

urban areas

The form of theater adapted from the French that was the most popular urban entertainment in the decades after the turn of the century is known as ______.

vaudeville

What were most important to advancing women's education in the post-Civil War era?

women's colleges