Ch8 pt 3

Cells in basal forebrain increase arousal and wakefulness by releasing

Acetylcholine

Which of the following increase's risk of sleep apnea

Being obese

Some drugs used to treat allergies may produce drowsiness if they

Block histamine

What is a typic chacteristic of insomnia

Consistently feeling sleepy during the day

After a cut throughout the midbrain separates the forebrain and part of the midbrain from all the lowest structures an animal ____

Enters a prolonged state of sleep

During sleep what happens in the brain

Increased firing by GABA neurons

In response to emotionally arousing events, the locus coeruleus releases

Norepinephrine

The role of reticular formation in arousal is that is

Only one of several systems involved in arousal

Which of these chacterisstics of sleep apnea ?

Periods without breathing during sleeping

One part of the reticular formation that contributes to cortical arousal is known as

Pontomesencephalon

During____, cells in the pons send messages that inhibit the motor neurons that control's the body's large muscle

REM sleep

PGO waves are associated with ____.​

REM sleep

Orexin produced by neurons in the hypothalamus, appears to be necessary for

Staying awake

In comparison to NREM dreams, REM dreams ____.​

are more likely to include complicated plots

Stimulation of the pontomesencephalon:

awakens a sleeping individual

Research found that during REM sleep, activity ____.​

increased in both the pons and the limbic system

Young adults deprived of a night's sleep show deficits on ____ tasks.

memory

Loss of orexin-containing neurons in the hypothalamus may contribute to ____.​

narcolepsy

Night terrors can be distinguished from nightmares in that night terrors ____.​

occur during NREM sleep

The sequence of the bursts of neural activity during REM sleep is

pons, lateral geniculate nucleus, and occipital cortex

The __ is a structure that extends from the medulla into the forebrain

reticular formation

When does sleep walking occur?

stages 3 and 4

REM sleep has been shown to ____.

strengthen the formation of new motor skills