chapter 10 reading packet the French revolution
Committee of public safety
The revolutionary committee that saw his job as saving the revolution from enemies at home and abroad; the committee came to be dominated by Robespierre, who enjoyed almost dictorial Powers
Law of 22 Prairial
The revolutionary law that permitted the revolutionary tribunal to convict suspects without hearing substantial evidence against them
necker
The royal dictator general of finances under Louis XVI who's financial report revealed that a large portion of royal expediters went to pensions for aristocrats
third estate
The social class in old regime in France that was made up of wealthy members of the commercial and professional middle class as well as peasants in the urban poor
first estate
The social class in the old regime France that was made up of the clergy
Second estate
The social class in the old regime in France that was made up of the nobility
civil Constitution of the clergy
A law passed by the assembly in July 1790 that transformed the Roman Catholic Church into a branch of the secular state and provided for the election of pastors and bishops, who became employees of the state
Chapelier Law
A law passed by the assembly in June 1791 that banned workers associations
The girondists
A less radical offshoot of the Jacobins that sought war with Austria in order to preserve the revolution and decrease the kings power
Estates general
A medieval legislative assembly in different states of French society that was called in 1789 to address the financial crisis
declaration of the rights of man and citizen
A statement of broad political principles issued by the national constituent assembly in August 1789; these included the natural rights of liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression, as well as equal rights under the law, due process of law, and freedom of religion
The declaration of the rights of man and citizen was modeled after the
Declaration of Rights adopted by Virginia
The French revolution had each of the following effects except France was from then on a true democracy Europe was plunged into decades of war catholicism in France was seriously challenged conscripted armies defeated professionally trained armies people of lower birth held wide influence in political and military affairs
Europe was from then on a true democracy
The most famous political club to emerge from the estates general was the
Jacobins
according to the rules of the French constitution of 1791, active citizens were defined as
Men who paid annual taxes equal to three days of labor wages
The result of the tennis court oath was the formation of the
National Assembly
Edmund Burke (1729-1797)
The British statesman who condemned the French revolution and predicted much of the turmoil in violence that is yet to come in france
The founder of Civic religion, the cult of supreme being, was
Robespierre
proponents of republic of virtue developed their notion of civic virtue from the writings of
Rousseau
Directory
The executive body that was created by the constitution of the year III
at the heart of the French monarchy's problems in the 18th century was
The governments insufficient income
Louis XVI
The king of France from 1774 to 1792, was overthrown and eventually executed during the French revolution
Emigres
The name for aristocrats who left France during the French revolution and sought to encourage counter revolution
Parisian women's march on Versailles
The name for the event in October 1789 in which thousands of Persian women March to Versailles and demanded that the king and queen move back to paris
Night of August 4
The name for the event in which members of the nobility in Clary Rose international assembly and renounce their rights and privileges; afterwards, all French citizens were subject to the same and equal laws
Great Fear
The name of the event in which presence in the countryside destroyed the property of the nobility and attempted to take possession of the land
Robespierre
The person who emerged as the dominant figure on the committee of public safety and who oversaw the reign of terror in the executions of thousands of French citizens in the name of defending the revolution
Thermidorian Reaction
The phase of the French revolution in which the reign of terror all brought to an end in those responsible for it were removed from power and the jacobin club was closed
Reign of Terror (1793-1794)
The phase of the French revolution in which thousands of people from all walks of life were arrested and executed in an effort to protect the revolution in silence dissent
Jacobins
The radical political group during the French revolution that drew their political language from the most radical thought of the enlightenment, including Roussou's thoughts on equality and civic virtue; they called for a republic rather than constitutional monarchy
sans culottes
The radical political group made up of urban shopkeepers, artisans, and wage earners that sought economic relief and a radical Republican form of government
which of the following force Louis XVIand Mary Antoinette to return to Paris from Versailles
an angry mob of Parisian women
during the French revolution, emigres were
aristocrats who relocated on the French border and tried to stimulate a counter-revolution
which of the following groupings represents the membership of the first, second, and third estates, respectively
clergy, nobility, commercial and professional middle-class
The declaration of the rights of man and citizen established all of the following except equality before the law proportional taxation legal equality of men and women presumption of innocence until proven of guilt equality of access to public office
legal equality of men and women
Cahiers de Doleances
lists of grievances that were brought by representatives of the estates to the estates general; these included criticisms of government waste, indirect taxes, and church corruption
Bastille
medieval fortress and political prisoner in Paris that was stormed by angry protesters on July 14, 1789
Tennis Court Oath
pledge that the members of the national assembly took to continue to meet until they had written constitution for France
San-culottes wanted above all else
relief from food shortages and high prices
National constituent assembly
the New legislative body created by the members of the third estate and eventually joined by the second in some priests
civil Constitution of the clergy, issued in 1790
transformed the Roman Catholic Church into a branch of the French state
Following the end of the Reign of Terror, the Jacobins:
were summarily executed