Chapter 10: Roosevelt and the New Deal

Although Social Security helped many people, at first it left out many of the neediest Americans, including about 65 percent of all

African American workers

Which of the following New Deal laws abolished (did away with) child labor?

Fair Labor Standards Act

The CCC, the New Deal's largest public works program, employed 8.5 million workers and built about 650,000 miles of roadways, 125,000 public buildings, 853 airports, more than 124,000 bridges, and more than 8,000 parks.

False

The Supreme Court strongly supported President Roosevelt's New Deal.

False

After his inauguration, President Roosevelt's first challenge was to restore the American people's confidence in the banking system.

True

Between March 9 and June 16, 1933—which came to be called the Hundred Days—President Roosevelt sent bill after bill to Congress, and Congress passed 15 major acts to resolve the economic crisis.

True

In 1939, Republicans and conservative Southern Democrats in Congress began blocking further New Deal legislation, bringing the New Deal era to an end.

True

In order to hear different viewpoints on issues, President Roosevelt chose advisers who disagreed with each other.

True

President Roosevelt and New Deal supporters in Congress believed that unions could help end the Depression by helping to get higher wages for workers, which would boost the economy by giving workers more money to spend.

True

The Glass- Steagall Act separated commercial banking from investment banking, and created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to provide government insurance for bank deposits.

True

The Public Works Administration required that its contractors not discriminate against African Americans.

True

The Supreme Court declared the National Recovery Administration unconstitutional (against the law).

True

The United Auto Workers staged sit-down strikes against General Motors, in which they stopped working but refused to leave the factory.

True

The Works Progress Administration included a program that offered work to artists, musicians, theater people, and writers.

True

Under the New Deal, public works projects stretched from coast to coast

True

President Roosevelt and his advisers saw the Social Security Act mainly as

an insurance measure

If it passed, the "courtpacking" bill would have allowed President Roosevelt to

appoint up to six new justices

The Wagner Act set up a process whereby union members could take complaints about an employer to a neutral party who would listen to both sides and decide on the issue, called

binding arbitration

To pay for New Deal programs, President Roosevelt trashed a balanced budget and began using

deficit spending

The Home Owners' Loan Corporation

extended the time to repay the mortgage and lowered interest rates for the unemployed

This is preeminently the time to speak the truth, frankly and boldly. Nor need we shrink from honestly facing conditions in our country today. This great Nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper. So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself. . . ." —Franklin Delano Roosevelt, first inaugural address, March 4, 1933 In the excerpt above, what does President Roosevelt assert it is time for the people and the nation to do?

face the current situation without cowering

One legacy of the New Deal is a continuing debate over how much the government should

get involved in the economy or support the disadvantaged

The Agricultural Adjustment Administration tried to help farmers by

paying farmers to produce less food

Before Franklin D. Roosevelt became president, many state governors declared "bank holidays" in order to

prevent bank runs

The Farm Security Administration gave loans to tenant farmers so that they could

purchase their own farms

Bank runs increased before Franklin D. Roosevelt's inauguration in part because people feared the FDR's policies would

reduce the value of the dollar

Congress authorized the Farm Credit Administration to help farmers

refinance their mortgages

The Civilian Conservation Corps offered unemployed young men between 18 and 25 years of age the opportunity to work outdoors under the direction of

the forestry service