Chapter 14 quiz

Which of the following best characterizes the immigration patterns (forced and unforced) of Europeans and Africans to the Americans between 1500 and 1800?

About four times as many Africans migrated to America as did Europeans

Most women who crossed the Atlantic to the Americans were

Africans

What became Cortes's crucial advantage in conquest of Mexican Empire?

Cortes was able to exploit internal dissention with in the Mexica empire

According to his agreement with the Spanish Crown, what rewards would Columbus receive if he found a water route to Asia?

He would be named viceroy over any territories he discovered and receive one-tenth of the material rewards of the journey.

After losing access to slave trading from the Black Sea, the Genoese obtained many slaves except?

Portuguese peasants.

In chronological order, what were the three successive commercial empires established by Europeans in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventh centuries?

The Portuguese, the Spanish, and the Dutch

How did the Spanish respond to the trap set by the Inca king Atahualpa?

The Spanish ambushed and captured Atahualpa, holding him for ransom and then executing him.

The group of people who benefitted the most from large price increases in the sixteenth century was the

middle class

At the time of his death, Columbus believed the islands he found were

off the coast of Asia

In the seventeenth century, the Dutch East India Company

took over much of the East Indies from Portugal

The European voyages of the fifteenth century derived from a desire to share in the wealth of the

Indian Ocean Trade

Bartolome de Las Casas asserted that the

Indians had human rights

What did Columbus believe he had found when he arrived in the Caribbean?

Islands off the coast of Japan

How did Portuguese merchants obtain most of their slaves in Africa?

They traded for slaves with local leaders

How did Europeans initially justify the enslavement of Africans?

Enslavement benefited the Africans by bringing Christianity to them.

When Vasco da Gama arrived in the Indian Ocean, how did he navigate these unknown waters?

He hired an Indian guide

Who resisted the efforts of the Portuguese to establish themselves in the Indian Ocean Trade?

Muslim-controlled port cities

In the fifteenth century, two rival Islamic empires dominated the Middle East, the Turkish Ottomans and the

Persian Salavids

How did Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe affect Spanish colonization?

The great distance of the Pacific convinced the Spanish to abandon efforts to trade in Asia and develop their American colonies instead.

What was the primary cause of the emergence of inflation in Spain in the sixteenth century?

The inability of Spanish agriculture and manufacturing to meet the growing demand for goods