chapter 16 apush

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The voice of white southern abolitionism fell silent at the beginning of the

1830s

In society's basement in the South of 1860 were nearly ____ million black human chattels

4

In some counties of the deep South, especially along the lower Mississippi River, blacks accounted for more than ____ percent of the population

75

Arrange the following in chronological order: the founding of the (A) American Colonization Society, (B) American Anti-Slavery Society, and (C) Liberty party

A, B, C

In 1839, enslaved Africans rose up aboard the Spanish slave ship

Amistad

By 1860, slaves were concentrated in the "black belt" located in the

Deep South states of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana

Uncle Tom's Cabin was written by

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Which one of the following has the least in common with the other four: Nat Turner, David Walker, John Quincy Adams, Denmark Vesey, Gabriel

John Quincy Adams

Many abolitionists turned to political action in 1840, when they backed the presidential candidate of the

Liberty party

____ said the following quote, "I think we must get rid of slavery or we must get rid of freedom."

Ralph Waldo Emerson

"Varying Viewpoints" notes that Ulrich B. Phillips made certain claims about slavery that have been challenged in recent years. Which of the following is not one of his conclusions: Slaves were racially inferior, Slavery was a dying economic institution, Planters treated their slaves with kindly paternalism, Slaves were passive by nature and did not abhor slavery, Slavery was comparable to the Nazi concentration camps.

Slavery was comparable to the Nazi concentration camps

The idea of transporting blacks back to Africa was

an expression of widespread American racism

In the pre-Civil War South, the most uncommon and least successful form of slave resistance was

armed insurrection

Plantation mistresses

commanded a sizable household staff of mostly female slaves

European immigration to the South was discouraged by

competition with slave labor

As their main crop, southern subsistence farmers raised

corn

For free blacks living in the North

discrimination was common

Northern attitudes toward free blacks can best be described as

disliking the individuals but liking the race

Members of the planter aristocracy

dominated society and politics in the South

By 1860, three-quarters of all southern whites did not own slaves, but instead

eked out a living in the mountains and backcountry raising corn and hogs

Slaves regarded the least prosperous, nonslaveholding whites as

hillbillies and "poor white trash" - too lazy to work

The profitable southern slave system

hobbled the economic development of the region as a whole

Most slaves were raised

in stable two-parent households

The plantation system of the Cotton South was

increasingly monopolistic

Plantation agriculture was wasteful largely because

its excessive cultivation of cotton despoiled good land

Slaves were denied an education because

masters believed that reading brought new ideas that might lead to their discontent

The most pro-Union of the white southerners were

mountain whites

The great increase of the slave population in the first half of the nineteenth century was largely due to

natural reproduction

By 1860, life for slaves was most difficult in the

newer states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana

Forced separation of spouses, parents, and children was most common

on small plantations and in the upper South

All told, only about ____ of white southerners owned slaves or belonged to a slaveholding family

one fourth

In arguing for the continuation of slavery after 1830, southerners

placed themselves in opposition to much of the rest of the Western world

Some southern slaves gained their freedom as a result of

purchasing their way out of slavery with money earned after hours

As a result of the introduction of the cotton gin

slavery was reinvigorated

Regarding work assignments, slaves were

sometimes spared dangerous work

Most white southerners were

subsistence farmers

The idea of recolonizing blacks back to Africa was

supported by the black leader Martin Delaney

All the following were true of the American economy under Cotton Kingdom except: cotton accounted for half the value of all American exports after 1840, the South produced more than half the entire world's supply of cotton, 75 percent of the British supply of cotton came from the South, quick profits from cotton drew planters to its economic enterprise, the South reaped all the profits from the cotton trade.

the South reaped all the profits from the cotton trade

Slavery's greatest psychological horror, and the theme of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, was

the enforced separation of slave families, whose members could be sold away from each other

William Lloyd Garrison pledged his dedication to

the immediate abolition of slavery in the South

The majority of southern whites owned no slaves because

they could not afford the purchase price

Those in the North who opposed the abolitionists believed that these opponents of slavery

were creating disorder in America

As a substitute for the wage-incentive system, slaveowners most often used the

whip as a motivator

Slaves fought the system of slavery in all of the following ways except by: slowing down the work pace, conducting periodic successful slave rebellions, sabotaging expensive equipment, pilfering goods that their labor had produced, running away from their masters.

conducting periodic successful slave rebellions

As a result of white southerners' brutal treatment of their slaves and their fear of potential slave rebellions, the South

developed a theory of biological racial superiority

All of the following were characteristic of slaves in the mid-nineteenth century United States except: slaves had no civil or political rights, slaves usually toiled from dusk to dawn in the fields, slaves had minimal protection from murder or unusually cruel punishment, slaves were forbidden to testify in court and their marriages were not legal, floggings were very uncommon and rare

floggings were very uncommon and rare

All of the following are true statements about free blacks except: they were banned from entering several northern states, they were always vulnerable to being hijacked back into slavery in the South. slaveholders feared that they were living examples of what might be achieved with emancipation. In the North, they forged ties with the Irish, who similarly worked in menial jobs. most states denied them the right to vote.

in the North, they forged ties with the Irish, who similarly worked in menial jobs

All of the following were weaknesses of the slave plantation system except that: it relied on a one-crop economy, it repelled a large-scale European immigration, it stimulated racism among poor whites, it created an aristocratic political elite, its land continued to remain in the hands of the small farmers

its land continued to remain in the hands of the small farmers

By the mid-nineteenth century

most slaves lived on large plantations

All of the following were true of slavery in the South except that: slave life on the frontier was harder than that of life in the more settled areas, a distinctive African American slave culture developed, a typical planter had too much of his own prosperity riding on the backs of his slaves to beat them on a regular basis, by 1860, most slaves were concentrated in the "black belt" of the Deep South, most slaves were raised in single unstable parent households.

most slaves were raised in single unstable parent households

Proslavery whites defended the institution of slavery in all of the following ways except: they claimed slavery was supported by the Bible, slaveholders said slavery lifted Africans from the barbarism of the jungle and gave them Christian civilization, Slaveholders claimed that master-slave relationships resembled a family, they said that slaves toiled under better working conditions than factory workers and hired hands in the North, they claimed that slaves were set free once they reached old age.

they claimed that slaves were set free once they reached old age


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