chapter 16 apush
The voice of white southern abolitionism fell silent at the beginning of the
1830s
In society's basement in the South of 1860 were nearly ____ million black human chattels
4
In some counties of the deep South, especially along the lower Mississippi River, blacks accounted for more than ____ percent of the population
75
Arrange the following in chronological order: the founding of the (A) American Colonization Society, (B) American Anti-Slavery Society, and (C) Liberty party
A, B, C
In 1839, enslaved Africans rose up aboard the Spanish slave ship
Amistad
By 1860, slaves were concentrated in the "black belt" located in the
Deep South states of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana
Uncle Tom's Cabin was written by
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Which one of the following has the least in common with the other four: Nat Turner, David Walker, John Quincy Adams, Denmark Vesey, Gabriel
John Quincy Adams
Many abolitionists turned to political action in 1840, when they backed the presidential candidate of the
Liberty party
____ said the following quote, "I think we must get rid of slavery or we must get rid of freedom."
Ralph Waldo Emerson
"Varying Viewpoints" notes that Ulrich B. Phillips made certain claims about slavery that have been challenged in recent years. Which of the following is not one of his conclusions: Slaves were racially inferior, Slavery was a dying economic institution, Planters treated their slaves with kindly paternalism, Slaves were passive by nature and did not abhor slavery, Slavery was comparable to the Nazi concentration camps.
Slavery was comparable to the Nazi concentration camps
The idea of transporting blacks back to Africa was
an expression of widespread American racism
In the pre-Civil War South, the most uncommon and least successful form of slave resistance was
armed insurrection
Plantation mistresses
commanded a sizable household staff of mostly female slaves
European immigration to the South was discouraged by
competition with slave labor
As their main crop, southern subsistence farmers raised
corn
For free blacks living in the North
discrimination was common
Northern attitudes toward free blacks can best be described as
disliking the individuals but liking the race
Members of the planter aristocracy
dominated society and politics in the South
By 1860, three-quarters of all southern whites did not own slaves, but instead
eked out a living in the mountains and backcountry raising corn and hogs
Slaves regarded the least prosperous, nonslaveholding whites as
hillbillies and "poor white trash" - too lazy to work
The profitable southern slave system
hobbled the economic development of the region as a whole
Most slaves were raised
in stable two-parent households
The plantation system of the Cotton South was
increasingly monopolistic
Plantation agriculture was wasteful largely because
its excessive cultivation of cotton despoiled good land
Slaves were denied an education because
masters believed that reading brought new ideas that might lead to their discontent
The most pro-Union of the white southerners were
mountain whites
The great increase of the slave population in the first half of the nineteenth century was largely due to
natural reproduction
By 1860, life for slaves was most difficult in the
newer states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana
Forced separation of spouses, parents, and children was most common
on small plantations and in the upper South
All told, only about ____ of white southerners owned slaves or belonged to a slaveholding family
one fourth
In arguing for the continuation of slavery after 1830, southerners
placed themselves in opposition to much of the rest of the Western world
Some southern slaves gained their freedom as a result of
purchasing their way out of slavery with money earned after hours
As a result of the introduction of the cotton gin
slavery was reinvigorated
Regarding work assignments, slaves were
sometimes spared dangerous work
Most white southerners were
subsistence farmers
The idea of recolonizing blacks back to Africa was
supported by the black leader Martin Delaney
All the following were true of the American economy under Cotton Kingdom except: cotton accounted for half the value of all American exports after 1840, the South produced more than half the entire world's supply of cotton, 75 percent of the British supply of cotton came from the South, quick profits from cotton drew planters to its economic enterprise, the South reaped all the profits from the cotton trade.
the South reaped all the profits from the cotton trade
Slavery's greatest psychological horror, and the theme of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, was
the enforced separation of slave families, whose members could be sold away from each other
William Lloyd Garrison pledged his dedication to
the immediate abolition of slavery in the South
The majority of southern whites owned no slaves because
they could not afford the purchase price
Those in the North who opposed the abolitionists believed that these opponents of slavery
were creating disorder in America
As a substitute for the wage-incentive system, slaveowners most often used the
whip as a motivator
Slaves fought the system of slavery in all of the following ways except by: slowing down the work pace, conducting periodic successful slave rebellions, sabotaging expensive equipment, pilfering goods that their labor had produced, running away from their masters.
conducting periodic successful slave rebellions
As a result of white southerners' brutal treatment of their slaves and their fear of potential slave rebellions, the South
developed a theory of biological racial superiority
All of the following were characteristic of slaves in the mid-nineteenth century United States except: slaves had no civil or political rights, slaves usually toiled from dusk to dawn in the fields, slaves had minimal protection from murder or unusually cruel punishment, slaves were forbidden to testify in court and their marriages were not legal, floggings were very uncommon and rare
floggings were very uncommon and rare
All of the following are true statements about free blacks except: they were banned from entering several northern states, they were always vulnerable to being hijacked back into slavery in the South. slaveholders feared that they were living examples of what might be achieved with emancipation. In the North, they forged ties with the Irish, who similarly worked in menial jobs. most states denied them the right to vote.
in the North, they forged ties with the Irish, who similarly worked in menial jobs
All of the following were weaknesses of the slave plantation system except that: it relied on a one-crop economy, it repelled a large-scale European immigration, it stimulated racism among poor whites, it created an aristocratic political elite, its land continued to remain in the hands of the small farmers
its land continued to remain in the hands of the small farmers
By the mid-nineteenth century
most slaves lived on large plantations
All of the following were true of slavery in the South except that: slave life on the frontier was harder than that of life in the more settled areas, a distinctive African American slave culture developed, a typical planter had too much of his own prosperity riding on the backs of his slaves to beat them on a regular basis, by 1860, most slaves were concentrated in the "black belt" of the Deep South, most slaves were raised in single unstable parent households.
most slaves were raised in single unstable parent households
Proslavery whites defended the institution of slavery in all of the following ways except: they claimed slavery was supported by the Bible, slaveholders said slavery lifted Africans from the barbarism of the jungle and gave them Christian civilization, Slaveholders claimed that master-slave relationships resembled a family, they said that slaves toiled under better working conditions than factory workers and hired hands in the North, they claimed that slaves were set free once they reached old age.
they claimed that slaves were set free once they reached old age
