chapter 2

ESD can cause permanent damage to electrical components prevent ESD damage:

-Keep all components in antistatic bags until you are ready to install them. -Use grounded mats on workbenches. -Use grounded floor mats in work areas. -Use antistatic wrist straps when working on computers.

The SDS contains valuable information:

-Name of the material -Physical properties of the material -Hazardous ingredients contained in the material -Reactivity data, such as fire and explosion data -Procedures for spills and leaks -Special precautions -Health hazards -Special protection -requirements

Scandisk or CHKDSK -

Checks the integrity of files and folders on a hard drive by scanning the file system. These tools might also check the disk surface for physical errors ex- *You are getting strange errors and you think either the integrity of the file system on a computer has been compromised or perhaps there is some physical defect on the hard drive*

Disk Cleanup -

Clears space on a hard drive by searching for files that can be safely deleted

Climate

Climate affects computer equipment in a variety of ways: -If the environment temperature is very high, equipment can overheat. -If the humidity level is very low, the chance of ESD increases. -If the humidity level is very high, equipment can suffer from moisture damage.

blackout

Complete loss of AC power. A blown fuse, damaged transformer, or downed power line can cause a blackout.

Chemical Solvents and Aerosol Cans

Contact the local sanitation company to learn how and where to dispose of the chemicals and solvents Never dump chemicals or solvents down a sink or dispose of them in a drain that connects to public sewers

Power surge

Dramatic increase in voltage above the normal flow of electrical current. A power surge lasts for a few nanoseconds, or one-billionth of a second.

Surge suppressor -

Helps protect against damage from surges and spikes. A surge suppressor diverts extra electrical voltage that is on the line to the ground.

Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) -

Helps protect against potential electrical power problems *by supplying a consistent level of electrical power to a computer or other device.* The battery is constantly recharging while the UPS is in use. The UPS provides a consistent quality of power when brownouts and blackouts occur. Many UPS devices can communicate directly with the computer operating system. This communication allows the UPS to safely shut down the computer and save data prior to the UPS losing all battery power.

Disk Management -

Initializes disks, creates partitions, and formats partitions ex- *You have bought a new hard drive and want to use it*

Noise

Interference from generators and lightning. Noise results in poor quality power, which can cause errors in a computer system.

Monitors

Monitors must be disposed of in compliance with environmental regulations. Extremely high voltage can be stored in CRT monitors, even after being disconnected from a power source.

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, a government agency in the Department of Labor to maintain a safe and healthy work environment

Format

Prepares a hard drive to store information

defaq/Optimize Drives -

Previously known as Defrag, optimizes space on a hard drive to allow faster access to programs and data ex- *You feel the performance of your hard drive is slowing down and you want to improve it by*

Brownout

Reduced voltage level of AC power that lasts for a period of time. Brownouts occur when the power line voltage drops below 80 percent of the normal voltage level and when electrical circuits are overloaded.

System File Checker (SFC) -

Scans the operating system's critical files and replaces files that are corrupt The Windows 8 boot disk repairs Windows system files, restores damaged or lost files, and reinstall the operating system.

Standby power supply (SPS) -

Standby power supply (SPS) - Helps protect against potential electrical power problems *by providing a backup battery* to supply power when the incoming voltage drops below the normal level. The battery is on standby during normal operation. When the voltage decreases, the battery provides DC power to a power inverter, which converts it to AC power for the computer. This device is not as reliable as a UPS because of the time it takes to switch over to the battery. If the switching device fails, the battery cannot supply power to the computer.

Spike

Sudden increase in voltage that lasts for a short period and exceeds 100 percent of the normal voltage on a line. Spikes can be caused by lightning strikes, but can also occur when the electrical system comes back on after a blackout.

current

The movement of electrons

power fluctuations

Unsteady voltages Computer circuits need voltage and current to operate electronic components. When the voltage in a computer is not accurate or steady, computer components might not operate correctly

crimper

Used to attach connectors to wires

Part retriever

Used to retrieve parts from locations that are too small for your hand to fit.

*radio frequency interference (RFI)*

Wireless networks are affected by RFI.RFI is caused by radio transmitters and other devices transmitting in the same frequency. ex- a cordless telephone can cause problems with a wireless network when both devices use the same frequency. Microwaves can also cause interference when positioned in close proximity to wireless networking devices

A Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

a fact sheet that summarizes information about material identification contains chemical reactivity and incompatibility information. It also includes protective measures for the safe handling and storage of materials and spill, leak, and disposal procedures.

Voltage

a measure of energy required to move a charge from one location to another.

*Electrostatic discharge (ESD)*

can occur when there is a buildup of an electric charge (static electricity) that exists on a surface which comes into contact with another, differently charged surface. ESD can cause damage to computer equipment if not discharged properly

Digital Multimeter

device that can take many types of measurements. It tests the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in computer components.

WiFi Analyzer

mobile tools for auditing and troubleshooting wireless networks. Many WiFi analyzers are robust tools designed for enterprise network planning, security, compliance, and maintenance. But WiFi analyzers can also be used for smaller, wireless LANs. Technicians can see all available wireless networks in a given area, determine signal strengths, and position access points to adjust wireless coverage. Some WiFi analyzers can help troubleshoot a wireless network by detecting miss-configurations, access point failures, and RFI problems.

Toner Kits, Cartridges, and Developers

must be disposed of properly in compliance with environmental regulations They can also be recycled

CAUTION

never plug a laser printer into a UPS because the printer could overload the UPS.

antistatic mat

protects computer equipment by preventing static electricity from accumulating on the hardware or on the technician.

Antistatic wrist strap/ground bracelet

protects computer equipment when grounded to a computer chassis.

Batteries

recycle Mercury is commonly used in the manufacturing of batteries and is extremely toxic and harmful to humans.

Hex Driver (Nut Driver)

same function as screwdriver

punch down tool

terminates wire into termination blocks

loopback adapter/or/plug

tests the basic functionality of computer ports. The adapter is specific to the port that you want to test.

*Electromagnetic interference (EMI) *

the intrusion of outside electromagnetic signals in a transmission media In a network environment, EMI distorts the signals so that the receiving devices have difficulty interpreting them.

Toner Generator and Probe

traces cables

wire cutters

used to cut wire

External Hard Drive Enclosure

used to diagnose a customer hard drive of a computer that does not boot. external enclosure can also be used to create backups of a costumers hard drive

Philips Head Screwdriver

used to loosen or tighten cross-head screws

flathead screwdriver

used to loosen or tighten screw

Torx Screwdriver

used to loosen or tighten screws that have a star-like depression on the top, a feature that is mainly found on laptop

wire stripper

used to remove the insulation from wire so that it can be twisted to other wires or crimped to connectors to make a cable.