chapter 2 leisure
russell
"the secret of happiness is this: let your interests be as wide as possible, and let your reactions to things and persons that interest you be a far as possible friendly rather than hostile"
ritual
any customarily repeated act
eudaimonia
aristotle's idea of happiness, doing good things
playfulness
attitude of throwing off constraints. these are the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual constraints that hold us back from high spiritedness, freedom and creativity
expressive pleasures
based on the use of creativity as a result of an experience.
surplus energy
burning up excess energy
solitude
can create growth and creativity
freedom, intrinsic reward, happiness, pleasure, play, humor, relaxation, ritual, solitude, commitment, spirituality, risk
categories of leisure
intellectual pleasure
comes from thinking activities.
agon
competitive and require some skill
extrinsic reward
doing something for a payoff
intrinsic reward
doing something for its own reason
identified regulation
engaging a pastime because its important
introjected regulation
engaging in a pastime so as not to feel guilty for not doing it
external regulation
engaging in a pastime to avoid a punishment
accomplishment
engaging in a pastime to feel efficient or competent
knowledge
engaging in a pastime to learn something new
having the means
expensive fees, equipment, clothing, transportation, and instruction of training
pleasure
feeling of happiness resulting from an experience that is enjoyed
relaxation
forces us to recharge and be productive later
sensory pleasures
found in everyday activities such as eating, listening to music, having sex and playing sports. directly stimulate our senses resulting in pleasure.
agon, alea, mimicry, and ilinx
four types of play
leisure satisfaction
gratification and contentment with one's leisure experiences and opportunities
competence-effectance
having an effect on things. need to produce effects- to be a cause of things taking place or being produced.
possessing personal qualities
having the knowledge, physical abilities, personality, etc. for a successful experience
unconditional leisure
high freedom and intrinsic meaning
relational leisure
high freedom and social meaning
ritual
holidays, traveling, the way a person jumps off of a diving board
recuperative leisure
intrinsic meaning and low freedom
stimulation
intrinsic reward. engaging in a pastime for the simple reason of just doing it
mimicry
involve role playing
to
leisure as freedom ___ is considered more satisfying. enables us to expand beyond the limits of the present to experience wonderfully fulfilling possibilities
relational leisure
leisure for sociability reasons
from
leisure is freedom ______ the necessary routine of life. this is less satisfying because it carries the connotation that leisure must first be earned through work
role determined
leisure that helps to accomplish a social role
recuperative leisure
leisure that makes up for a loss or deficit
catharsis
letting off emotional steam
spirituality
provides important coping resources for dealing with stress and fosters a sense of inner wholeness
unconditional leisure
purest type of leisure because it is wholly chosen by us
relaxation
recuperation
relaxation
relieves stres, improves the immune system and generally restores us for our work or school tasks
alea
require luck and winning as a matter of fate
behavioristic
response to a pleasurable stimulus
arousal seeking
seeking optimal stimulation
role determined leisure
social meaning and low freedom
decorum
socially useful behavior
play
spontaneous act that elevates us to the seriousness of frivolity
threat to solitude
almost impossible to be alone, fear of being lonely
leisure satisfaction
What does Kovacs suggest for linking leisure and happiness?
sensory pleasure
What is the contemporary typology of pleasure
sight sacralization
a tourist destination is considered sacred
humor
aids digestion, stimulates the heart, lowers blood pressure, strengthens muscles, improves the immune system, activates the brains creative function and reduces pain
psychoanalytic
mastering disturbing events or thoughts
ilinx
more sensory in nature, such as in drinking games
adults, children
on average, ____ laugh 15 times per day while ____ laugh 400 times per day
permission
passive consent of others or civic authorities, sanction from others
stoicism
people should be indifferent to both pleasure and pain
hedonism
pleasure is the highest goal of life. body, fame, power, and wealth are considered sources of pleasure
epicureanism
pleasure should be experienced in moderation and that the best pleasures are intellectual such as contemplation and appreciation. Inferior pleasures are those such as sexual drives and hunger
investigations of bregha
possessing personal qualities, having the means, receiving permission
preparation
practice for adult life
serious leisure
the substantial and systematic pursuit of a pastime
cynicism
virtue rather than pleasure was life's goal
leisure
we don't need all of these benefits at the same time and in the same pastime, but we do need some of them at least some of the time