Chapter 2 Study Guide

The prime meridian is defined as running through which location?

Greenwich, England

The spatial distributions, patterns, and relations of interests to geographers are best exposed through the use of _____ a geographers primary tool

maps

A flow-line map would not be used to depict

political boundaries

a flow-line map would NOT be used to depict

political boundaries

What is the name for this type of thematic map, which uses shaded areas to show the amount population varies from one California county to another

choropleth map

Topographic maps use ____ lines to depict lines of equal elevation

contour

The ________ is an imaginary line that runs north-south and defines zero-degree longitude

prime meridian

The way in which the curved surface of the globe is represented on a flat sheet of paper is called a map ____

projection

what is the contour interval of a map?

the distance in elevation between contour lines

A (n) _____ map depicts the shape and elevation of terrain as well as natural and human features of the landscape

topographic

Established in 1785, the ______ and ____ system is based in survey lines that divide the land into a series of squares

township, range

Satellites such as Landsat satellites are important tools for imaging the earth because ______

-they can provide views of large regions of the Earth -they can cover wide areas in a short period of time -they enable us to map atmospheric and weather conditons

How many satellites are used in the Global positioning system (GPS) network?

24

The Earth is divided into ____ time zones, centered roughly on meridians at ___ degree intervals

24; 15

How many seconds are there in one degree?

3600

The global positioning system is maintained by the United States Department of _____

Defense

Each new day begins at the __________ which generally follows the 108th meridian

International Date line

What is the general terms for a line on a map that denotes specific numerical values by joining points of equal value (for example a contour line)?

Isoline

What is the contour interval of a map?

The distance in elevation between contour lines

Which of these is not one of the five major components of a geographic information system?

a data collection component

An equal-area projection (also called an equivalent projection) is one in which______

a square inch on the map represents the same number of square miles as any other square inch elsewhere on the map

___ are used to represent map features within defined areas

area symbols

A (n) _______ projection shows the true direction from one central point to all other points

azimuthal

The township and range system divides the land using survey lines: _______ lines that run east-west and __________ that run north south

base, meridians

Why does the distance between adjacent degrees of longitude vary with distance from the equator?

because the meridians converge at the poles

The art, sciences, and technology of map making are called

cartography

Standard photography

detects reflected energy within the visible portion of the micromanagement spectrum. Can't penetrate darkness or cloud cover

The lines of latitude are ____ to each other and run ____

east-west , parallel

Contour Lines are used on topographic maps to depict _______

elevation

The _______ is the set of imaginary lines that intersect at right angles to form a system of reference for locating points on the surface of the Earth

geographic grid

Features that have length but insignificant width, such as fences or political boudaries, are represented on maps by _______

line symbols

Features that occur at a particular point in space are represented by _______ such as dots, crosses, or triangles

point symbols

Thermal scanner

records long wave radiation emitted by objects. Can penetrate darkness but can't penetrate clouds

Because of their ability to cover large regions and because of their high-speed of coverage, _____ have become important tools for imaging earths feature

satellites

Projections that accurately portray the shapes of small areas by preserving angular relationships are called ___ projections

Conformal

Which of the following properties of Earth's actual surface are commonly distorted by maps?

-area -distance -shape -direction

Which of the following properties of Earth;s actual surface are commonly distorted by maps?

-direction -distance -shape -area

which of these is NOT an example of isoline?

-isotope examples of isoline: -isobar -isotherm -isohyet

Which of the following statements about conformal projections are correct?

-parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude cross one another at right angles -scale is the same in all directions at any given location -preserve directional relationships for small areas

Which of the following statements about conformal projections are correct?

-preserve directional relationships for small areas -scale is the same in all directions at any given location -parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude cross one another at right angles

Which of the following are the key reference points in the grid system used to locate points on the surface of the earth?

-prime meridian -equator -north pole -south pole

Maps use area symbols to show the distribution of a phenomenon in an area can have which of the following problems?

-the colors chosen may make some areas look more important than others -they can give a false impression of uniformity within an area -the suggest abrupt boundaries between regions when boundaries may be diffuse

Which of thr follwoing are the key refrenece points in the grid system used to locate points on the surface of the Earth?

-the prime meridian -the equator -north pole -south pole

What is the name used for the angular distance east or west of the prime meridian

Longitude

Which of the following is not generally depicted on a topographic map?

Population density

Radar

Sends out pulses of microwave electromagnetic radiation and detects their reflection. Can penetrate both darkness and clouds

The scale of a map is

the ratio between the size of something on the map and the size of that thing on the earth

T/F: an equal area projection always distorts the shapes regions

true: equal area maps show correct areal relationships but always distorts shape

Lidar

utilizes a laser to transmit light to an object and measures the reflected light to produce a precise depiction of the ground surface

Color-infared photography

yields false-color images. Particularly useful for recording vegetation and hydro-graphic features. Can't penetrate darkness or cloud cover