Chapter 20 Anatomy
All of the answers are correct.
A heart murmur might be caused by
QRS complex
Abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles would most change the shape of the________ in an ECG tracing.
beta-one
Activation of which kind of receptor causes heart rate to increase?
Starlings
An increase in end-diastolic volume increases the stroke volume" is a way of stating________ law of the heart.
both decrease heart rate and decrease pressure.
An increase in the rate of action potentials from baroreceptors will trigger a reflex
stroke volume.
Analysis of the electrocardiogram can reveal all of the following except
All of the above
Cardiac cells damage by infraction will show which of the following
Cardiac muscle cells lack transverse tubules
Cardiac muscles and skeletal muscles differ in a few ways
decreasing ejection fraction.
Cardiac output can be increased by all of the following except
sympathetic stimulation.
Cardiac output is increased by
pumps a greater volume.
Compared to the right ventricle, the left ventricle has all the following characteristics except
Aortic pressure is higher than ventricular pressure and the ventricle must pressurize the blood to open the aortic valve.
Considering the left ventricle, why does isovolumetric ventricular contraction occur during ventricular systole?
Prevent the atrioventricular valves from reversing into the aorta
Contractions of the papillary muscles
Right atrium
Coronary veins empty into the
P wave.
Depolarization of the atria corresponds to the EKGs
QRS complex.
Depolarization of the ventricles is represented on an electrocardiogram by the
All of the answers are correct.
Drugs known as calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine can be used to
decrease heart rate.
Drugs that block the beta-one adrenergic receptors will
both repolarizing and relaxing.
During the T wave of the electrocardiogram, the ventricles are
AV valves are closed.
During ventricular systole, the
parasympathetic stimulation.
Each of the following factors will increase cardiac output except increased
All of the answers
Intercalated discs swerve to transfer blank from cell to cell
The refractory period lasts until the muscles relaxes
Tetanus muscle contractions don't occur in normal cardiac muscles because
depolarization of the atria.
The P wave of the electrocardiogram is a signal from
ventricular repolarization.
The T wave on an ECG tracing represents
bicuspid
The ________ valve prevents backward flow into the left atrium.
In one direction only
The atrioventricular valves permit blood flow
between the left atrium and left ventricle.
The bicuspid or mitral valve is located
Coronary arteries
The blank delivers blood into the myocardium
left coronary artery.
The circumflex branch and the anterior interventricular artery are branches of the
All of the following
The connective tissue fibers of the myocardium
Marks the border between the atria and ventricles
The coronary sulcus is the a groove that
Chordae tendinae
The cusps (leaflets) of atrioventricular valves attach directly to
coronary
The first blood vessels to branch from the aorta are the ________ arteries.
closing of the atrioventricular valves.
The first heart sound is associated with
AV valves close.
The first heart sound is heard when the
5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6
The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart. What is the correct order for the flow of blood entering from the systemic circulation?
interatrial septum.
The foramen ovale in the fetal heart is located in the
collect blood then pump it to the ventricle.
The function of an atrium is to
coronary sinus.
The great and middle cardiac veins drain blood into the
both parasympathetic and sympathetic
The heart is innervated by ________ nerves.
A mans clenched fist
The heart is roughly the size of
All of the above
The interventricular dulcimer and coronary sulcus
Aorta
The left ventricle pumps blood to
calcium channels remaining open.
The long plateau phase of the cardiac muscle action potential is due to
right coronary artery.
The marginal branch and posterior interventricular branch are branches of the
the sinoatrial node.
The normal pacemaker of the heart is located in
systolic ejection phase.
The phase in the cardiac cycle when the mitral valve is closed and the aortic valve is open is the
lungs.
The pulmonary arteries carry blood to the
right ventricle.
The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backward flow into the
heart.
The pulmonary veins carry blood to the
All of the following
The right atrium receives blood from
oxygenated; left atrium
The right pulmonary veins carry ________ blood to the ________.
Right and left lungs
The right ventricle pumps blood to the
Foramen ovale
The structure that permits blood flow from the right atrium to the left atrium in the fetal circulation is the
370 msec.
The systolic part (both atrial and ventricular) of a cardiac cycle lasts, on average,
Cardiac tamponade
The term is used to describe fluid collecting in the pericardial cavity that restricts the movement
right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, left atrium
Which of the following are involved in the pulmonary circuit?
Apex of heart
Which of the following descriptions matched the term near the fifth intercostal space
All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following is true about the atrial reflex?
when diastolic blood pressure is decreased
Which of the following would cause stroke volume to increase?
All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following would increase heart rate?
blood pressure increases.
With each ventricular systole,
Both parts of the statement are true.
controls parasympathetic neurons.
Open
When the semilunar valves close the AV valves then
Efferent; afferent
Artery is to _______ as vein is to __________
tetany.
As a result of the long refractory period in the cardiac action potential, cardiac muscle cannot exhibit
Conus arteriosus
As blood leaves the right ventricle it passes through the blank and then into the pulmonary trunk
1 second.
At a heart rate of 60 beats/minute, a cardiac cycle lasts
Tricuspid
Blood flowing into the heart fork venae cavae flows through the blank valve
left coronary artery.
Blood is supplied to the muscular wall of the left atrium by the
the coronary arteries.
Blood is supplied to the myocardium by
Pulmonary valve
Blood leaves the right ventricle by passing through the
Left atrium
Blood returning to the heart from pulmonary circuit first enters the
Right atrium
Blood returning to the heart from the systematic circuit first enters the
Pericardial cavity
Excess fluid in the blank causes cardiac tamponade
8,000
Heart beats approximately liters a day
100,000
Heart beats approximately times a day
medulla oblongata.
Heart rate is controlled by neurons of the cardiovascular center located in the
Mediastinum
I'm the middle of the thoracic cavity is a region occupied by the heart, great vessels, thymus, esophagus, and trachea called the
the ventricles will beat more slowly.
If the connection between the SA node and AV node becomes blocked,
heart rate will decrease and cells will hyperpolarize.
If the pacemaker cells in the SA node become more permeable to potassium ions, the
The rate of P waves will be faster than the rate of QRS complexes.
If there is a complete block between the SA node and the AV node, how would the ECG be affected?
about 20 percent of the calcium ion required for contraction comes from outside the cell.
In cardiac muscle,
increased membrane permeability to sodium ions.
In cardiac muscle, the fast depolarization phase of the action potential is the result of
Open the pericardial sac
In order to perform a coronary artery bypass graft a cardiac surgeon must
Cardiac muscle cells
Most of the middle layer in the heart wall is composed of
can spontaneously depolarize.
Pacemaker cells in the SA node
80-100
Pacemaker cells isolated from the SA node generate action potentials at ________ beats per minute.
All of the following
Rupture of the papillary muscles in the left ventricle may result in
All of the answers are correct.
Stroke volume depends on
Epicardium
The visceral pericardium is the same as the
stroke volume.
The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the
Auricle
The warlike extensions of the atrium
Four
There are blank pulmonary veins
Coronary thrombosis
When a blood clot forms in a ruptured plaque in a coronary artery the condition is referred too
Decreases
When the left ventricle contracts the diameter of the ventricular chamber
Decreases
When the left ventricle contracts the distance from the apex to the base
Bradycardia; tachycardia
________ is to slow heart rate as ________ is to fast heart rate.