Chapter 20 Ophthalmology

9. A chalazion is a chronic inflammation of the: (A) lacrimal gland (B) meibomian gland (C) eyelid (D) conjunctiva

(B) meibomian gland

14. Which piece of equipment is used to treat glaucoma in addition to the slit lamp? (A) Argon or Nd:YAG laser (B) Cavitron (C) Phacoemulsifier (D) Cryoprobe

(A) Argon or Nd:YAG laser

52. What laser is commonly used for Lasik sur- gery? (A) Excimer (B) Argon (C) Nd:YAG (D) CO2

(A) Excimer

56. The fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chamber of the eye is: (A) aqueous humor (B) vitreous humor (C) Both A and B (D) None of the above

(A) aqueous humor

44. Color blindness is caused by a defect in the: (A) cones in the retina (B) sclera (C) iris (D) lens

(A) cones in the retina

46. Bauman lacrimal duct probes are used for (A) dilatation (B) to make a cylindrical cut on a kerato- plasty (C) used to measure intraocular pressure (D) none of the above

(A) dilatation

35. When using an anticholinergic, such as atro- pine, during eye surgery, the pupils will: (A) dilate (B) constrict (C) have no effect on the pupil (D) None of the above

(A) dilate

54. Removal of the entire eyeball including mus- cles and nerves is called: (A) enucleation (B) exenteration (C) evisceration (D) corneal transplant

(A) enucleation

48. Recession is performed for: (A) esotropia (B) extropia (C) obstruction of meibomian gland (D) obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct

(A) esotropia

28. Removal of the entire contents of the orbit is: (A) exenteration (B) enucleation (C) evisceration (D) orbitectomy

(A) exenteration

26. A surgical treatment for chronic wide angle closure glaucoma that reestablishes commu- nication between the posterior and anterior chamber of the eye is: (A) iridectomy (B) Elliot trephination (C) cyclodialysis (D) posterior lid sclerectomies

(A) iridectomy

7. Dilating eye drops are called: (A) mydriatics (B) miotics (C) myopics (D) oxytocics

(A) mydriatics

2. An example of a miotic drug is: (A) pilocarpine (B) homatropine (C) atropine (D) scopolamine

(A) pilocarpine

23. A fleshy, triangular encroachment onto the cornea is surgically termed a/an: (A) pterygium (B) chalazion (C) ectropion (D) entropion

(A) pterygium

38. The purpose of the iris is to: (A) regulate the amount of light entering the eye (B) protect the iris (C) supply the choroid with nourishment (D) receive images

(A) regulate the amount of light entering the eye

22. Injection of anesthetic solution into the base of the eyelids or behind the eyeball to block the ciliary ganglion and nerves is known as: (A) retrobulbar (B) van Lint block (C) O'Brien akinesia (D) Bier block

(A) retrobulbar

11. Aprocedure to treat retinal detachment is: (A) scleral buckle (B) trabeculectomy (C) goniotomy (D) vitrectomy

(A) scleral buckle

50. All apply to a trephine EXCEPT: (A) used to measure intraocular pressure (B) instrument used to make the cylindrical cut i e corner (C) used on a cadaver (D) used on a keratoplasty

(A) used to measure intraocular pressure

17. Miochol solution is prepared for a cataract procedure no more than minutes before the actual instillation. enoitaeu (A) 5 (B) 15 (C) 30 (D) 60

(B) 15

25. What is the procedure used to correct acci- dental vitreous loss during a cataract extrac- tion? (A) Posterior vitrectomy (B) Anterior vitrectomy (C) Pars plana vitrectomy (D) All of the above

(B) Anterior vitrectomy

18. A drug used as a lubricant and as viscoelas- tic support to maintain separation of tissues before removal of lens during cataract sur- gery is: (A) 5-fluorouracil (B) Healon (C) Mitomycin (D) Miostat

(B) Healon

3. What topical anesthetic is used most fre- quently for preoperative ocular instillation? (A) Lidocaine (B) Tetracaine (C) Cocaine (D) Dorsacaine

(B) Tetracaine

32. The gel-like substance that fills the posterior chamber and nourishes the tissue layers is: (A) vitreous humor (B) aqueous humor (C) conjunctiva (D) Healon

(B) aqueous humor

30. Keratoplasty involves surgery of the: (A) eyelid (B) cornea (C) iris (D) retina photo (A) choroid

(B) cornea

43. The conjunctiva is the: (A) colored membrane of the eye (B) covering of the anterior globe except the cornea (C) gland that secretes tears (D) membrane lining the socket

(B) covering of the anterior globe except the cornea

60. A mydriatic drug, Neo-Synephrine, is used to: (A) constrict the pupil (B) dilate the pupilo (C) anesthetize the eye (D) lower intraocular pressure

(B) dilate the pupilo

53. Removal of the eye contents leaving the sclera and muscle intact is: (A) enucleation (B) evisceration (C) exenteration (D) corneal transplant

(B) evisceration

33. A condition caused by inadequate drainage of aqueous humor is: (A) retinal detachment (B) glaucoma (C) entropion (D) cataract

(B) glaucoma

4. The drug added to a local ophthalmic anes- thetic to increase diffusion is: (A) alpha-chymotrypsin (B) hyaluronidase (C) epinephrine (D) Varidase

(B) hyaluronidase

49. During a resection, the muscle that is short- ened to treat wall eyes is: (A) inferior oblique (B) lateral rectus muscle (C) levator (D) superior oblique

(B) lateral rectus muscle

36. Drugs that dilate the pupil but permit focus- ing are: (A) cycloplegics (B) mydriatics (C) anesthetics (D) viscoelastics

(B) mydriatics

40. The nerve that carries visual impulses to the brain is the: (A) ophthalmic nerve (B) optic nerve (C) oculomotor nerve (D) trochlear nerve

(B) optic nerve

15. Removal of a portion of an ocular muscle with reattachment is called: (A) recession (B) resection (C) strabismus (D) myomectomy

(B) resection (C)

41. The white outer layer of the eyeball is the: (A) conjunctiva (B) sclera (C) choroid (D) retina

(B) sclera

59 Following a vitrectomy, the vitreous humor is removed and replaced with: (A) saline (B) gas (C) Both A and B (D) water

(C) Both A and B

51. A radical keratotomy is: (A) performed for myopia (B) performed for nearsightedness (C) Both A andB (D) performed for farsightedness

(C) Both A andB

27. What eye disease uses the argon slit lamp with a noninvasive procedure, which if suc- cessful, prevents the need for more invasive surgery? (A) Cataract (B) Retinal detachment (C) Glaucoma (D) Pterygium

(C) Glaucoma

1. In cataract surgery, a viscoelastic drug some- times used to occupy space in the posterior cavity of the eye is: (A) alpha-chymotrypsin (B) mannitol (C) Healon (D) Wydase

(C) Healon

19. A drug used to contract the sphincter of the iris during an intracapsular cataract extrac- tion is: (A) Zolyse (B) Healon (C) Miochol (D) Mitomycin

(C) Miochol

20. What procedure accomplishes correction of myopia? (A) Keratoplasty (B) Keratophakia (C) Radical keratotomy (D) Both B and C

(C) Radical keratotomy

55. All are true for exenteration EXCEPT: (A) Removal of entire orbital contents (B) Removal of External structures of the eye (C) Removal of the globe only (D) Performed for malignancy

(C) Removal of the globe only

29. A technique used for retinal detachment which involves a cold probe is: (A) nitro therapy (B) diathermy (C) cryothermy (D) cryodermy

(C) cryothermy

12. Sagging and eversion of the lower lid is: (A) entropion (B) blepharitis (C) ectropion (D) ptosis

(C) ectropion

13. Removal of the entire eyeball is: (A) keratoplasty (B) exenteration (C) enucleation (D) evisceration

(C) enucleation

57. All are true of the canal of Schlemm EXCEPT: (A) drains aqueous humor from the anterior chamber (B) if blocked can cause glaucoma (C) it is located between the lens and the retina (D) it is located in the anterior chamber

(C) it is located between the lens and the retina

62. Miochol is a/an: (A) antihistamine (B) blood thinner (C) miotic (D) anti-inflammatory

(C) miotic

47. When the eyes do not ocus on the same object, this condition is called: (A) extropia (B) recession (C) strabismus (D) astigmatism

(C) strabismus

16. Opacity of the vitreous humor is treated by performing a: (A) cataract removal (B) scleral buckling procedure (C) vitrectomy (D) goniotomy

(C) vitrectomy

42. A jelly-like substance in the eye's posterior cavity is called: (A) choroid (B) palpebra (C) vitreous humor (D) aqueous humor

(C) vitreous humor

63. An agent that keeps the cornea moist during surgery and is used for irrigation as well is: (A) mannitol (B) Miochol (C) Chymar (D) BSS

(D) BSS

10. What procedure is done for chronic dacryo- cystitis? (A) Extirpation (B) Lacrimal duct probing (C) Myomectomy (D) Dacryocystorhinostomy

(D) Dacryocystorhinostomy

8. Which of the following uses ultrasonic energy to fragment the lens in extracapsular cataract extraction? (A) Keratome (B) Ocutome (C) Cystotome (D) Phacoemulsifier

(D) Phacoemulsifier

21. An enzymatic drug commonly used with anesthetic solutions to increase tissue diffu- sion is: (A) Viscoat (B) epinephrine (C) Ophthaine (D) Wydase

(D) Wydase

5. A solution used for eye irrigation is: (A) phenylephrine HCl (B) normal saline (C) alpha-chymotrypsin (D) balanced salt solution

(D) balanced salt solution

34. Inflammation or infection of the lacrimal sac is: (A) occularitis (B) uveitis (C) iritis (D) dacryocystorhinitis

(D) dacryocystorhinitis

45. The function of the lacrimal duct system: (A) provides drainage of the meibomian gland (B) prevents pterygium (C) helps the eyes to focus (D) helps to maintain moisture in the eye

(D) helps to maintain moisture in the eye

the colored portion of the eye is the: 39. The structure that is seen from the outside as (A) cornea (B) pupil (C) retina (D) iris

(D) iris

24. A procedure performed when the cornea is thickened or opacified is called a: (A) keratomileusis (B) keratotomy (C) corneal trephining (D) keratoplasty

(D) keratoplasty

37. A transparent structure that permits the eye to focus rays to form an image on the retina is the: (A) sclera (B) retina (C) cornea (D) lens

(D) lens

31. The photo receptive layer of the eye is: (A) choroid (B) cornea (C) iris (D) retina

(D) retina

61. Immobility of the eye, along with lowered intraocular pressure is facilitated by the use of (A) Diprivan block (B) Versed block (C) xylocaine block (D) retrobulbar block

(D) retrobulbar block

58. All are procedures to treat glaucoma EXCEPT: (A) goniotomy (B) cyclodialysis (C) iridectomy (D) scleral buckle

(D) scleral buckle

6. A synthetic local anesthetic that is effective on the mucous membrane and is used as a sur- face agent in ophthalmology is: (A) Miochol (B) Zolyse (C) Dibucaine (D) tetracaine

(D) tetracaine