Chapter 24 Homework: The Digestive System

In response to a steak dinner, certain secretions are needed to aid digestion. What cells in the pancreas would provide these secretions?

acinar cells

The nasogastric tube will be inserted through the nose, travel through the pharynx and will ultimately end in the stomach. After passing through the pharynx, what long muscular passageway will the NG tube pass through to get to the stomach?

esophagus

The purpose of the fecal transplant is to get healthy bacteria inside the digestive tract so they can colonize the large intestine. After the fecal transplant is deposited into the stomach, it must pass through the small intestine before reaching its target. What is the name of the last part of the small intestine before it connects to the large intestine?

ileum

Vitamins are organic molecules that are cofactors in many metabolic pathways. One of the important functions of the bacteria in the large intestine is to generate three vitamins: biotin and B12, which are both water soluble, and a third fat-soluble vitamin that is especially important in blood clotting. What is the fat-soluble vitamin produced by the bacteria in the colon?

vitamin K

The secretion in the large intestine consists of which of the following?

bicarbonate and potassium rich mucus

Which of the following answers correctly lists the phases of the swallowing process before the bolus enters the stomach?

buccal pharyngeal esophageal

HCl secretions convert pepsinogen to the active hormone pepsin. What cells in the gastric pits produce pepsinogen?

chief

What can result from weakening of digestive smooth muscle with age?

constipation hemorrhoids inflammation of the haustra

Salivation is controlled almost entirely by the nervous system. Which of the following stimuli would inhibit salivation?

fear

Which muscle(s) are responsible for pushing the bolus towards the esophagus?

pharyngeal constrictors

What is the name of the structure that connects the stomach to the duodenum of the small intestine?

pyloric sphincter

An increase in HCl (hydrochloric acid) arriving in the duodenum would stimulate which hormone that would help to counteract the effects of HCl?

secretin