Chapter 28 - Therapeutic Agents for the Hemotological System

Treatment for von Willebrand's disease includes:

- Factor VIII concentrates - DDAVP (desmopressin) - Estrogen therapy - cryoprecipitate - Fresh frozen plasma

Mild anemia may be treated with dietary changes including an increase in:

- Spinach - Beef - Broccoli - Liver

List the classes of drugs used to treat leukemia.

- alkylating agents - purine nucleoside analogues - pyrimidine analogue - monoclonal antibodies - anthracyclines - topoisomerase II inhibitors - vinca alkaloids - tyrosine kinase inhibitors - retinoic acid derivative - antimetabolities.

List two agents that cross the blood-brain barrier surrounding the central nervous system, which gives them the ability to treat cancers within the brain.

- carmustine - lomustine.

List two combination therapies for Hodgkin's disease.

1. Stanford V (doxorubicin + vinblastine + mechlorethamine + vincristine + bleomycin + etoposide + prednisone) 2. ABVD (Adriamycin (doxorubicin) + bleomycin + vinblastine + dacarbazine).

List three classes of drugs that have a common risk of drug-induced bleeding.

1. antiplatelet agents (eg. Aspirin and clopidogrel) 2. anticoagulants (eg. Warfarin) 3. NSAIDs.

List five factors for the development of lymphoma.

1. the presence of an immunodeficiency disorder (ie. AIDS) 2-4. exposure to herbicides, pesticides, organic solvents 5. viruses such as the Epstein-Barr.

_____ are often used to treat leukemia.

Antimetabolites

The primary drugs used in the treatment of neutropenia are recombinant growth factors known as ______.

CSF or colony-stimulating factors

Paraplatin (carboplatin)

Classification: Alkylating agent

Cerubidine (daunorubicin)

Classification: Anthracycline

Rheumatrex (methotrexate)

Classification: Antimetabolite

Rituxan (rituximab)

Classification: Monoclonal antibody

Niferex (iron polysaccharide)

Classification: Oral iron salt

Purinethol (mercaptopurine)

Classification: Purine nucleoside analogue

Cytosar-U (cytarabine)

Classification: Pyrimidine analogue

Aranesp (darbepoetin alfa)

Classification: RBC (red blood cell) stimulating agent

Vesanoid (tretinoin)

Classification: Retinoic acid derivative

Toposar (etoposide)

Classification: Topoisomerase II inhibitor

Gleevec (imatinib)

Classification: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

Eldisine (vindesine)

Classification: Vinca alkaloid

Neulasta (pegfilgrastim)

Classification: WBC (white blood cell) stimulating agent

The life span of a platelet is approximately 14 days.

False; 10 days.

Leukocytes are the most prevalent blood cells within the blood.

False; Erythrocytes.

Cell types found primarily in the blood can be divided into two main groups, leukocytes and thrombocytes.

False; leukocytes and erythrocytes.

Anemia is caused by a reduction in the total number of WBCs in the body or by a problem with the quality or quantity of hemoglobin present.

False; red blood cells (RBCs).

_____ is indicated for iron deficiency anemia in people undergoing chronic dialysis and receiving epoetin alfa therapy.

Ferrlecit

Agrylin

Generic Name: Anagrelide

Cytoxan

Generic Name: Cyclophosphamide

DDAVP

Generic Name: Desmopressin

Promacta

Generic Name: Eltrombopag

Epogen

Generic Name: Epoetin Alfa

Ferrlecit

Generic Name: Ferric gluconate

Feosol

Generic Name: Ferrous Sulfate

Neupogen

Generic Name: Filgrastim

Hydrea

Generic Name: Hydroxyurea

Leukine

Generic Name: Sargramostim

Drug therapy for polycythemia vera involves treatment aimed at minimizing the risk of thrombosis with a myelosuppressive agent such as:

Hydroxyurea

Which of the following medications can cause iron deficiency anemia because of GI bleeding?

Naprosyn

Patients, not responding to steroids, immunoglobulins, or splenectomy for thrombocytopenia treatment can take _____ .

Promacta

_____ can be used to treat idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

Promacta

Gastrointestinal bleeding can lead to iron deficiency anemia.

True

Hypoxia is a form of polycythemia that occurs in people who have a difficult time oxygenating their blood.

True

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia worldwide.

True

The main function of RBCs is to carry oxygen to the tissues and organs of the body.

True

The principal treatment goal for thrombocytopenia is to prevent bleeding.

True

WBCs are cells of the immune system that help defend the body against infection.

True

Which of the following vitamins help with the absorption of oral iron supplements?

Vitamin C