Chapter 2A Homework

Which of the following is an example of a suspension? rubbing alcohol blood cytosol salt water

blood

1. Usually, the first one or two letters of an element's name. 2. Number of protons in an atom. 3. Combined number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

1. Atomic symbol 2. Atomic number 3. Mass number of an element

1. Heterogeneous, will not settle. 2. Heterogeneous, will settle. 3. Homogeneous, will not settle. 4. Will not scatter light.

1. Colloids 2. Suspensions 3. Solutions 4. Solutions

1. Water. 2. Carbon. 3. Dry ice (frozen carbon dioxide). 4. Blood.

1. Compound 2. Element 3. Compound 4. Mixture

1. Can be measured only by its effects on matter. 2. Anything that occupies space and has mass. 3. Although a man who weighs 175 pounds on Earth would be lighter on the moon and heavier on Jupiter, his would not be different. 4. Is a function of, and varies with, gravity.

1. Energy 2. Matter 3. Mass 4. Weight

An atom with an atomic number of 10 and a mass number of 24 would have ________. 10 neutrons 24 protons 14 neutrons 14 electrons

14 neutrons

What is the mass number of the helium atom? (figure 2.2)

4 amu

If atom X has an atomic number of 74 it would have which of the following? 37 protons and 37 electrons 74 protons 37 electrons 37 protons and 37 neutrons

74 protons

An atom of oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 18. How many of each type of subatomic particle does it contain?

8 protons, 8 electrons, and 10 neutrons

Which of the following statements is true concerning the differences between compounds and mixtures? Mixtures consist of chemical bonds between the components. Compounds are all homogeneous. Mixtures are all heterogeneous. Compounds can be separated by physical means.

Compounds are all homogeneous.

Blood loss due to a moderate hemorrhage has several adverse effects on patient wellbeing.

Oxygen-carrying red blood cells lost along with the fluid component must also be replaced.

Think about a 10% saline solution (saline refers to salt.). Which of the following is a correct statement? It contains 10% solute and 90% solvent. It contains 10% salt and 90% solution. It contains 10% solvent and 90% solute. It contains 10% solvent and 90% water.

It contains 10% solute and 90% solvent.

Why can dehydration be such a life-threating event?

It significantly alters the ratio of body water (solvent) to dissolved substances (solutes), such as sodium ions.

Based on the general theme of conservation, which of the following is most likely to happen if an athlete breaks his arm and must wear a cast and not use that arm for six weeks?

Muscles in the injured arm will get smaller because they are not being used.

Which of the following elements is necessary for proper conduction of nerve impulses?

Na

What does CH4 mean?

There is one carbon and four hydrogen atoms.

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

an atomic structural variation in which atoms have differing numbers of neutrons

Which four elements comprise approximately 96% of our body weight?

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

When your muscles contract to move your body, such as during walking, work is done, and work requires energy. Based on the Law of Conservation of Energy, from where does this energy come?

chemical energy

The three atoms shown represent three unique __________. (figure 2.2- H, He, Li)

elements

The three atoms shown represent different __________. (figure 2.3)

isotopes

Which subatomic particles contribute to an atom's mass number but not its atomic number?

neutrons

Which of the following is NOT a compound? water methane (natural gas) carbon dioxide oxygen gas

oxygen gas

Which particle is indicated by the arrow? (figure 2.2)

proton

Which type(s) of subatomic particles can be located within the nucleus of an atom?

protons and neutrons

Which of the following is the major positive ion outside cells?

sodium

Consider sweetened ice tea. Which of the following is a solute? ice water the beverage itself sugar

sugar

The superscript preceding each hydrogen atomic symbol (H) represents which of the following? (figure 2.3)

the mass number of the corresponding atom