Chapter 3
The nurse's community outreach class is giving a presentation on seat belts and child safety seats at the local firehouse every weekend in October. Which level of health promotion is this an example of?
Primary
A nurse is educating clients on the need for calcium intake to prevent bone loss. What level of prevention does this represent?
Primary prevention
The nurse is certified in providing Therapeutic Touch and is preparing to initiate this for a client. What activity should the nurse perform first?
Requesting the client's permission to touch the body
The nurse is using Leavell and Clark's Agent-Host-Environment Health Model to help plan nursing interventions for clients in a hospital setting. Which examples of nursing actions to prevent hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) best illustrate the principles of this model? Select all that apply.
The nurse should assess the clients for risk factors for infection when planning nursing care. The nurse should consider the client's family history and age when assessing risk factors for infection. The nurse should examine environmental stressors in clients' lives to see how these stressors might affect their recovery and ability to ward off infection.
Which are factors that impact how a client defines health? Select all that apply.
Family Culture Community Society
When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by the client's personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating an understanding of which health model?
Health belief model
A client has been exposed to bacterial pneumonia. The client has been eating poorly, with limited intake of nutrients. This factor would predispose a client to the development of pneumonia. Poor nutritional intake is classified as the
Environment
While providing client care, a nurse determines that a client adheres to the health belief model. What would the nurse need to assess as a factor possibly affecting the client's response to illness?
Personality characteristics
The nurse is preparing to talk to a local community group regarding chronic illness. The nurse informs the group that both external and internal factors influence a person's health. When discussing the fact that the male client has a higher chance of developing lung cancer due to his gender, which dimension is the nurse referring to?
Physical dimension
The nurse is planning care for several clients in an outpatient clinic. Which client requires follow-up care due to a chronic condition?
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is wheezing and coughing
A nurse provides interventions for clients in a long-term care facility to help them meet their intellectual needs. Which nursing actions promote these needs? Select all that apply.
A nurse provides education about foot care to a client with diabetes. A nurse explains to an obese client the benefits of following a healthy diet. A nurse shows residents a video discussing modified activities for older adults.
What is the definition of wellness?
An active state of being healthy
An exacerbation refers to the reactivation of a disease. Which condition is associated with exacerbation?
Chronic illness
Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?
Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.
What is a misconception about chronic disease?
Chronic illnesses cannot be prevented.
The nurse is preparing a sterile field for a procedure. While the nurse is opening an instrument, the outer wrapper of the sterilized instrument touches the extreme edge of the field. What should the nurse do next?
Discard the sterile field and prepare a new one
A parent brings a 2-year-old child for a well-baby visit. Which actions address primary prevention strategies for the nurse to discuss with the parent? Select all that apply.
Discussing healthy meal choices for a 2-year-old child Adhering to the immunization schedule Reviewing appropriate discipline for a 2-year-old child Using a child safety seat appropriately
A teenaged client reports having diarrhea before every test in school. The nurse recognizes that this client needs to focus on which dimension of health?
Emotional dimension
Which is the most accurate definition of health?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
Which definition of health is the best?
Health is a state of complete well-being.
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease?
It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time.
A client is admitted to the mental health center after attempting suicide. Which client concern is the priority for the nurse to manage?
Risk of self-harm
The client is admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed. The physician ordered a colonoscopy. Which level of care encompasses this procedure?
Secondary
A mammogram represents which level of prevention?
Secondary prevention - screenings
A client has been admitted to the hospital for treatment of pancreatitis secondary to alcoholism. The client states that it is nearly impossible to quit drinking because of the deep entrenchment of alcohol use in the client's circle of friends and line of work. As well, the client claims to have thought that drinking only beer and foregoing hard alcohol would prevent health problems. This client is exhibiting health consequences rooted in which human dimensions?
Sociocultural and intellectual
Which needs are being met when a nurse recommends a senior citizen community center for an older client who is living alone?
Sociocultural needs
The nurse recognizes that the client who makes the decision to accept a new diagnosis and follow the prescribed treatment plan is in which stage of an illness?
Stage 3-Assuming a dependent role Stage 3 is characterized by the client's decision to accept the diagnosis and follow the treatment plan.
A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The client is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a client with a chronic illness?
Symptoms are not experienced.
The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of heart failure. This admission is the client's third admission within 90 days. The nurse educates the client with the goal of preventing readmission. Which nursing activity for this client would represent tertiary level prevention?
Teaching about adhering to a low-sodium diet Tertiary health promotion and illness prevention begins after an illness is diagnosed and treated, with the goal of reducing disability and helping rehabilitate the client to a maximum level of functioning.
A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?
Tertiary
A client has had a total knee replacement and is receiving care that includes learning to walk with a walker. What level of prevention is most applicable to this client?
Tertiary prevention
Which model is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual and is based upon external factors?
The Agent-Host-Environment Model
A nurse observes that a client who has pneumonia is in the recovery and rehabilitation stage of the illness. Which statement describes the client response that the nurse would expect at this stage of the illness?
The client gives up the dependent role.
A client has a Staphylococcus infection in a decubitus ulcer. In this case, Staphylococcus is the:
agent.
A client has been exposed to bacterial pneumonia. The client has been eating poorly, with limited intake of nutrients. This factor would predispose a client to the development of pneumonia. Poor nutritional intake is classified as the
environment
The recognition of health as an ongoing process toward a person's highest potential of functioning is defined as:
high-level wellness.
A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, with a random blood glucose reading of 575 mg/dL (31.91 mmol/L), vomiting, and shortness of breath. This client has experienced which phenomenon?
Exacerbation
A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage liver failure. Which healthcare agency should the nurse recommend for continuity of care?
Extended care
A nurse caring for patients with diabetes knows that this is a characteristic of a chronic illness:
It requires special patient education for rehabilitation.
Which nursing activity reflects secondary prevention?
Making a referral for a mammogram
The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and associated pleuritic chest pain. Which would be a priority when creating the nursing care plan?
Monitoring airway clearance.
Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of health care?
secondary
Chronic illness may be characterized by periods of remission. Remission is best defined as:
the presence of a disease with the absence of symptoms.
Which are characteristics of chronic conditions? (Select all that apply.)
Are rarely curable Require lifelong management Have a prolonged course
What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for?
To help health care providers understand health-related behaviors.
The nurse is addressing primary prevention with a group of college students. Which promotional statement by the nurse would be the best example of a developmentally appropriate discussion?
Use of condoms can help prevent sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancy.
The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?
What people believe to be true about their health
To be an effective change agent for wellness, the nurse must:
consume a healthy diet.
A client makes a decision to quit smoking and joins a smoking cessation class. This is an example of which of Dunn's processes that helps one know who and what one is?
Befitting
A community health nurse has noticed a large number of women in the community are not getting regular mammograms. This is a rural community with limited access to health care. Which action would be the most appropriate for the nurse to pursue to promote compliance in getting annual mammograms?
Arrange for a mobile mammography unit to come to the community several days a month.
Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?
Assisting with speech therapy a client with a traumatic brain injury
A client states, "I must be in poor health because I am a senior citizen. That's what my neighbor says, and she is older than I am." This statement is an example of which type of influence on a person's health beliefs?
Peers
