Chapter 34 Quiz

A 5-year-old child has had severe vomiting and diarrhea for 4 days. Which of the following assessment findings would be the MOST indicative of decompensated shock? A.Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/minB.Pulse rate greater than 120/minC.Capillary refill time of 4 secondsD.Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg

Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg

Which of the following findings is LEAST suggestive of child abuse? A.Burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distributionB.An unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injuryC.Evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the sceneD.Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver

Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver

Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? A.SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection.B.The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy.C.Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable.D.Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night.

Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night.

When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the following questions would be of LEAST pertinence initially? A.Have you noticed any signs or symptoms?B.Do you know what substance was ingested?C.What time did the ingestion occur?D.Why did your child ingest the poison?

Why did your child ingest the poison?

An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: A.moist oral mucosa.B.bulging fontanelles.C.excessive tearing.D.absent urine output.

absent urine output.

You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: A.allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula.B.separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance.C.administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother.D.requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device.

administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother

When a child is struck by a car, the area of greatest injury depends MOSTLY on the: A.size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact. B.speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred. C.height of the child and the speed at which the car was traveling. D.age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her.

age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her.

The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: A.facilitate a rapid head-to-toe assessment of the child by visualization only.B.gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child.C.determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits.D.allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child.

allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child.

Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: A.en route to the hospital.B.at the head.C.at the feet.D.in the ambulance.

at the feet.

Pale skin in a child indicates that the: A.oxygen content in the blood is decreased.B.child is in severe decompensated shock.C.blood vessels near the skin are constricted.D.child's core body temperature is elevated.

blood vessels near the skin are constricted

A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot and moist. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. You should: A.cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital.B.allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital.C.suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once.D.place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever.

cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital.

A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: A.croup.B.asthma.C.epiglottitis.D.bronchitis.

croup

Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: A.acute respiratory distress.B.extreme restlessness.C.skin that is cool and dry.D.drooling or congestion.

drooling or congestion.

Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, EXCEPT: A.entrapment in a structural fire.B.hot items on a stovetop.C.scalding water in a bathtub.D.exposure to caustic chemicals.

entrapment in a structural fire

When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: A.carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury.B.immediately report your suspicions to the parents.C.have a female EMT remain with her if possible.D.encourage the child to urinate and take a shower.

have a female EMT remain with her if possible.

Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: A.poisonings or ingestion.B.infection.C.electrolyte imbalances.D.hyperglycemia.

hyperglycemia.

The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: A.toddler period.B.start of infancy.C.premature phase.D.neonatal period.

neonatal period.

While triaging patients at the scene of a motor-vehicle crash, you encounter a 5-year-old child who is unresponsive and apneic. After positioning his airway, you should: A.palpate for a carotid pulse. B.categorize him as immediate. C.categorize him as deceased. D.deliver 5 rescue breaths.

palpate for a carotid pulse.

Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A.sunken fontanelles.B.headache and fever.C.altered mental status.D.a stiff or painful neck.

sunken fontanelles.

When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: A.rely solely on the parent for information.B.refrain from taking a blood pressure.C.use a toe-to-head assessment approach.D.talk to the child, not just the caregiver.

talk to the child, not just the caregiver.