Chapter 38
What identified risk factors make it necessary for liver transplant patients to undergo
1. Current abuse of alcohol 2. Ineffective psychosocial support system
Which manifestation is typical of hepatocellular failure? (Select all that apply.)
1. Hypoalbuminemia 2. Glucose imbalance 3. Osteomalacia
Portal hypertension occurs as a result of which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
1. Obstruction of blood flow in the liver's venous sinusoids 2. Impaired drainage into the central veins 3. A buildup of venous pressure
Appropriate early treatment for infants with jaundice-related encephalopathy may include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
1. Phenobarbital to increase the levels of UDPGT 2. Phototherapy (bili-lights) 3. Exchange transfusions
Which statement characterizes the nature and capabilities of the liver? (Select all that apply.)
1. The liver plays a role in the digestion of fats. 2. Blood detoxification is a function of the liver 3. The liver is vulnerable to illness, but has considerable repair abilities
The blood supply is delivered to the liver by way of
A dual arterial sources
The major indication of a failed Kasai procedure is
biliary atresia
Hepatitis B is usually transmitted by exposure to
blood or semen
An infusion of mannitol would be prescribed to treat
cerebral edema.
What term is used to describe the process of converting bilirubin from its freely lipid-soluble form to the form that is tightly bound to the plasma protein albumin?
conjugation
A patient admitted with bleeding related to esophageal varices could be expected to receive a continuous intravenous infusion of
octreotide acetate.
Pathophysiologically, esophageal varices can be attributed to
portal hypertension.
An increased urine bilirubin is associated with
hepatitis
What form of viral hepatitis is likely to be transmitted sexually?
hepatitis B
Hepatic encephalopathy is associated with
increased blood ammonia levels.
The primary signs and symptoms of hepatic derangements
Are similar regardless of primary or secondary causes
Esophageal varices are a complication of liver disease and are a result of
Elevated portal pressure
Biliary atresia is classified as a condition of
Extrahepatic ductopenia
Reye syndrome is characterized by encephalopathy
Secondary to severe hepatic dysfunction
The development of hepatocellular carcinoma is which of the following?
Usually associated with chronic viral hepatitis
A viral hepatitis screen with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) should be interpreted as _____ hepatitis B.
acute
Liver transaminase elevations in which aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is markedly greater than alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is characteristic of
alcohol-induced injury
Hepatitis with the presence of autoantibodies and positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is
autoimmune hepatitis.
What laboratory data would support a diagnosis of hemochromatosis?
elevated ferritin
Steatohepatitis is caused by an accumulation of ________ in the liver cells.
fat
A patient with a history of alcoholism presents with hematemesis and profound anemia. The expected diagnosis is
gastroesophageal varices
The most common causes of prehepatic jaundice are ________ and ineffective erythropoiesis.
hemolysis
Brain injury secondary to high serum bilirubin is called
kernicterus.
Jaundice is a common manifestation of
live disease
A patient being treated for hepatic encephalopathy could be expected to receive a(n) ________diet.
low-protein and high-fiber
________ disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which excessive amounts of copper accumulate in the liver.
wilson