Chapter 4 Nonverbal Communication
True or False: Clothing and other adornments satisfy the need for creative self-expression
False
True or False: Men have more success in persuading women when the men are attractive than women have in persuading men when the women is attractive.
False
enunciation
combining pronunciation and articulation to produce a word with clarity and distinction.
Puzzled looks on listeners' faces is a form of descriptive _ that cues the speaker to clarify the message of the speech.
feedback
Emotions such as hate and joy are easier to interpret than shame and love because they are conveyed by
fewer vocal cues
A speaker can discover nonverbal cues that distract listeners by _ listener's feedback.
focusing on
The study _ might include examination of a smile, a slouching posture, or hand waving.
kinesics
artifacts
ornaments or adornments you display that hold communicative potential.
Large men are more likely than women to claim the armrest in a lecture hall as part of their _ bubble.
personal
The distance used by most Americans for conversation is called _ distance.
personal
A thumbs down gesture in place of verbal response is an example of
substituting
The need to establish certain spaces as your own is known as
territoriality
Which of the following are among Ekman's categorizations of movement?
1- adaptors 2-illustrators 3-regulators 4-affect displays 5-emblems
Insufficient touching can result in which of the following?
1- allergies 2- speech problems 3- death
Which of the following are examples of paralinguistic vocal cues?
1- articulation 2- enunciation 3- silence
A person comfortable with touching is more likely to be which of the following?
1- assertive 2- socially acceptable 3- self- confident
Which of the following are example of nonverbal codes?
1- bodily movement 2- bodily appearance 3- facial expression
Through sensitivity to which of the following can people improve their understanding of nonverbal communication?
1- context 2-audience 3-feedback
Which of the following are not advisable when you are being interviewed for a job?
1- facial piercing 2- shirt open to the navel
What are the bases for Ekman's categorization of movement?
1- functions 2- meanings 3- origins
The use of personal space can be affected by which of the following physical settings?
1- furniture arrangements 2- room size 3-physical obstacles
A person is more likely to stand farther away from which of the following types of people?
1- high-status 2- strangers 3- authority figures
The type of clothes and adornments you wear do which of the following?
1- indicate self-concept 2-spur sexual attraction 3- provide physical protection
Which of the following personality characteristic can be correlated with specific vocal cues?
1- sociability 2- social adjustment 3- dominance
Which of the following are examples of distances people use when communicating with others, according to Hall?
1- social distance 2- public distance 3-personal distance 4- intimate distance
Studies of the space that people use in communicating have shown that, compared to men, women
1- take less space. 2- want greater relational closeness
People are more likely to pay attention to which of the following facial expressions than to neutral ones?
1- threatening 2-angry
Which of the following statements are correct?
1-Women are touched more than men. 2-Women value touch more than men do. 3- Males may use touch to indicate power or dominance.
Which of the following are expressions of liking?
1-direct eye contact 2-close proximity 3-increased touching
Which of the following are ways that nonverbal and verbal communication work together?
1-substituting 2-regulating 3-contradicting 4- complementing 5-emphasizing 6-repeating
chronemics
Also called temporal communication; the way people organize and use time and the messages that are created because of their organization and use of that time.
Misbehavior by unattractive children is treated by daycare teachers as
a chronic tendency
Adults in a coffee shop in Gainesville, Florida, were found to touch more often than those in a similar setting in
London, England
illustrators
Nonverbal movements that accompany or reinforce verbal messages.
adaptors
Nonverbal movements that usually involve the unintended touching or manipulating of our bodies or artifacts to fulfill some physical or psychological need.
nonword sounds
Sounds like "mmh," "huh," and "ahh," as well as the pauses or the absence of sounds used for effect in speaking
nonverbal communication
The process of using messages other than words to create meaning with others.
tactile communication
The use of touch in communication
vocal cues
all the oral aspects of sound except words themselves
objectics
also called object language; the study of the human use of clothing and other artifacts as nonverbal codes
Because a nonverbal code can have several different meanings, it can result in
ambiguity
Ornaments that hold communicative potential, such as jewelry, cosmetics, watches, shoes, and tattoos, are known as _.
artifacts
American culture places importance on women being more physically _ than men.
attractive
Most people adorn themselves with tattoos and piercing because they believe it enhances their
attractiveness
For many people, a physician's white coat signified.
better health
An example of how an overemphasis on physical attraction can be damaging is if we allow our own _ _ to be influenced by advertising and social media standards.
body image
In the study of temporal communication, also known as _ , a person who is chasing dreams or always making plans is living in the future.
chronemics
The study of messages people create through their organization and use of time is referred to as
chronemics
Feelings of decreased _ can result from slow e-mail responses.
closeness
Women who were asked to describe the most popular women they knew cited _ as the most important characteristic.
clothing
Backing away from a conversation when others appear to be too close can make Americans seem _ by people from other cultures.
cold
An individual wanting to be accepted and liked will
conform to current styles
articulation
coordinating one's mouth, tongue, and teeth to make words understandable to others.
Attractive people are more likely initiallly to be viewed as _ than are unattractive people.
credible
The banning of religious symbols in schools has led to much _ among parents and school boards.
debate
Vocalized pauses in public speaking may
distract the audience
When interacting with a loud- voiced, fast-speaking person, you may perceive them to be _ and thus become more submissive.
dominant
With the introduction of an e-mail and instant messaging, people have become more creative in communicating feeling and emotions.
electronically
In public speaking, because of the increased audience size and fewer opportunities for direct feedback, _ is specially important to make certain that listeners understand what you are saying.
enunciation
Compared to smaller men, tall men have
higher earnings
rate
how rapidly or slowly you speak
In which of the following situations has there been documented success in accurately decoding nonverbal cues?
in laboratory experiments
Gestures and emphasis can help a speech become more
lively and powerful
People can become _ when they are silenced by those in positions of power.
marginalized
The finding that women and men seek others of similar attractiveness is known as the " _ hypothesis.
matching
nonverbal codes
messages consisting of symbols that are not words, including nonword vocalizations
Privacy is considered very important by _ people.
monochronic
A person who speaks quickly is often perceived as being
nervous
In interpersonal communication, a variety of _ codes might convey the same meaning...
nonverbal
The physical setting affects the potential meaning of a _ cue.
nonverbal
The failure to interpret _ leads to misunderstandings in communication.
nonverbal codes
What is the process of using messages other than words to create meaning with others called?
nonverbal communication
affect displays
nonverbal movements of the face and body used to show emotion
regulators
nonverbal movements that control the flow or pace of communication.
Emblems
nonverbal movements that substitute for words and phrases.
While time is important to _ people, it is not revered.
polychronic
The study of the human use of space and distance is called _
proxemics
The strategic use of pauses and silence is more apparent in
public speaking
The unique resonance of one's voice, such as huskiness, nasality, or whininess, is the vocal cue known as its _ .
quality
The use of nonverbal codes to monitor and control interactions with others is called _ .
regulating
Which of the following of Ekman's categories of movement would include a person repeatedly glancing at their watch while you're having a conversation?
regulators
repeating
sending the same message both verbally and nonverbally
contradicting
sending verbal and nonverbal messages that conflict
people perceive attractive men and women as being more sociable and
sensitive
Because _ has many meaning, it is sometimes difficult to interpret a lack of feedback in a communicative setting.
silence
pitch
the highness or lowness of the voice
silence
the lack of sound
volume
the loudness or softness of the voice
paralinguistic features
the nonword sounds and nonword characteristics of language, such as pitch, volume, rate, and quality.
kinesics
the study of bodily movements, including posture, gestures, and facial expressions.
proxemics
the study of the human use of space and distance
quality
the unique resonance of the voice, such as huskiness, nasality, raspiness, or whininess
emphasizing
the use of nonverbal cues to strengthen verbal messages
inflection
the variety or changes in pitch
Medical students are now being trained to provide nonverbal communication, including _, to their patients.
touching
complementing
using nonverbal and verbal codes to add meaning to each other and to expand the meaning of either message alone
substituting
using nonverbal codes instead of verbal codes.
regulating
using nonverbal codes to monitor and control interactions with others.
People's sensitivity to nonverbal cues is
variable
When you friend, follow, or connect with people on social media, you are allowing them into your _ space through your timeline or personal profile.
virtual
Volume, inflection, and pitch are all examples of
vocal cues
pronunciation
whether or not you say a word correctly