Chapter 45: Caring for Clients with Disorders of the Upper Gastrointestinal

A nurse is assessing a client who has peptic ulcer disease. The client requests more information about the typical causes of Helicobacter pylori infection. What would it be appropriate for the nurse to instruct the client?

Infection typically occurs due to ingestion of contaminated food and water.

A client presents to the clinic reporting vomiting and burning in her mid-epigastria. The nurse knows that in the process of confirming peptic ulcer disease, the health care provider is likely to order a diagnostic test to detect the presence of what?

Infection with Helicobacter pylori

A patient with a diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease has just been prescribed omeprazole (Prilosec). How should the nurse best describe this medication's therapeutic action?

This medication will reduce the amount of acid secreted in your stomach.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a gastrointestinal tube in place. Which of the following are indications for gastrointestinal intubation? Select all that apply.

To remove gas from the stomach To remove toxins from the stomach To diagnose GI motility disorders

A client who had a Roux-en-Y bypass procedure for morbid obesity ate a chocolate chip cookie after a meal. After ingestion of the cookie, the client reported cramping pains, dizziness, and palpitation. After having a bowel movement, the symptoms resolved. What should the nurse educate the client about regarding this event?

dumping syndrome

A nurse is providing follow-up teaching at a clinic visit for a client recovering from gastric resection. The client reports sweating, diarrhea, nausea, palpitations, and the desire to lie down 15 to 30 minutes after meals. Based on the client's assessment, what will the nurse suspect?

dumping syndrome.

The most common symptom of esophageal disease is

dysphagia.

The nurse provides health teaching to inform the client with oral cancer that

many oral cancers produce no symptoms in the early stages.

The school nurse is planning a health fair for a group elementary school students and dental health is one topic that the nurse plans to address. When teaching the children about the risk of tooth decay, the nurse should caution them against consuming large quantities of

organic fruit juice.

To prevent gastroesophageal reflux in a client with hiatal hernia, the nurse should provide which discharge instruction?

"Avoid coffee and alcoholic beverages."

A patient has been diagnosed with acute gastritis and asks the nurse what could have caused it. What is the best response by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)

"It can be caused by ingestion of strong acids." "You may have ingested some irritating foods." "Is it possible that you are overusing aspirin."

A client reports to the clinic, stating that she rapidly developed headache, abdominal pain, nausea, hiccuping, and fatigue about 2 hours ago. For dinner, she ate buffalo chicken wings and beer. Which of the following medical conditions is most consistent with the client's presenting problems?

Acute gastritis

The nurse determines that a client who has undergone skin, tissue, and muscle grafting following a modified radical neck dissection requires suctioning. What is the nurse's priority when suctioning this client?

Avoid applying suction on or near the suture line.

A patient has been diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease and the nurse is reviewing his prescribed medication regimen with him. What is currently the most commonly used drug regimen for peptic ulcers?

Antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, and bismuth salts

A nurse is aware of the high incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infections in clients receiving parenteral nutrition. What nursing action has the greatest potential to reduce catheter-related bloodstream infections?

Change the dressing no more than weekly.

Which of the following appears to be a significant factor in the development of gastric cancer?

Diet

A client is in the hospital for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. The client reports vomiting and a sudden severe pain in the abdomen. The nurse then assesses a board-like abdomen. What does the nurse suspect these symptoms indicate?

Perforation of the peptic ulcer

A nurse is caring for a client who just has been diagnosed with a peptic ulcer. When teaching the client about his new diagnosis, how should the nurse best describe it?

Erosion of the lining of the stomach or intestine

A nurse has obtained an order to remove a client's NG tube that was placed for feeding. What is the nurse's best initial action?

Explain the process clearly to the client.

A patient describes a burning sensation in the esophagus, pain when swallowing, and frequent indigestion. What does the nurse suspect that these clinical manifestations indicate?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

A patient who is HIV positive comes to the clinic and is experiencing white patches with rough hairlike projections. The nurse observes the lesions on the lateral border of the tongue. What abnormality of the mouth does the nurse determine these lesions are?

Hairy leukoplakia

A nurse is performing health education with a client who has a history of frequent, serious dental caries. When planning educational interventions, the nurse should identify a risk for what nursing diagnosis?

Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements

A nurse is caring for a client who is acutely ill and has included vigilant oral care in the client's plan of care. What factor increases this client's risk for dental caries?

Inadequate nutrition and decreased saliva production can cause cavities

A medical nurse who is caring for a client being discharged home after a radical neck dissection has collaborated with the home health nurse to develop a plan of care for this client. What is a priority psychosocial outcome for this client?

Indicates acceptance of altered appearance and demonstrates positive self-image

A client has a radical neck dissection to treat cancer of the neck. The nurse develops the care plan and includes all the following diagnoses. The nurse identifies the highest priority diagnosis as

Ineffective airway clearance related to obstruction by mucus.

A client seeking care because of recurrent heartburn and regurgitation is subsequently diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which of the following should the nurse include in health education?

Instead of eating three meals a day, try eating smaller amounts more often.

Which of the following is the most common type of diverticulum?

Intramural

A client who reports increasing difficulty swallowing, weight loss, and fatigue is diagnosed with esophageal cancer. Because this client has difficulty swallowing, what should the nurse assign highest priority to?

Maintaining a patent airway.

A client who underwent a gastric resection 3 weeks ago is having her diet progressed on a daily basis. Following her latest meal, the client reports dizziness and palpitations. Inspection reveals that the client is diaphoretic. What is the nurse's best action?

Monitor the client closely for further signs of dumping syndrome.

Which is a true statement regarding gastric cancer?

Most clients are asymptomatic during the early stage of the disease.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of GI bleed. During shift assessment, the nurse finds the client to be tachycardic and hypotensive, and the client has an episode of hematemesis while the nurse is in the room. In addition to monitoring the client's vital signs and level of conscious, what would be a priority nursing action for this client?

Notify the health care provider

A client has been taking a 10-day course of antibiotics for pneumonia. The client has been having white patches that look like milk curds in the mouth. What treatment will the nurse educate the client about?

Nystatin (Mycostatin)

Which medication classification represents a proton (gastric acid) pump inhibitor?

Omeprazole

A client has been brought to the emergency department by EMS after telling a family member that he deliberately took an overdose of NSAIDs a few minutes earlier. If lavage is prescribed, the nurse should prepare to assist with the insertion of what type of tube?

Orogastric tube

The nurse is conducting a community education class on gastritis. The nurse includes that chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori is implicated in which disease/condition?

Peptic ulcers

A client who underwent surgery for esophageal cancer is admitted to the critical care unit following postanesthetic recovery. What should the nurse include in the client's immediate postoperative plan of care?

Positioning the patient to prevent gastric reflux

A client demonstrates an unintentional loss of 10 lb since the previous year's annual physical. When asked, the client reports, "Food just doesn't taste good anymore!" If anorexia becomes chronic, what effect could this have on blood cell counts?

RBCs increase in size.

A client with cancer of the tongue has had a radical neck dissection. What nursing assessment should the nurse prioritize?

Respiratory status and airway clearance

An older adult patient who has been living at home alone is diagnosed with parotitis. What causative bacteria does the nurse suspect is the cause of the parotitis?

Staphylococcus aureus

A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has a diagnosis of Barrett esophagus with minor cell changes. What principle should be integrated into the client's subsequent care?

The client will be monitored closely to detect malignant changes.

The nurse is inserting a Levin tube for a patient for gastric decompression. The tube should be inserted to 6 to 10 cm beyond what length?

The distance measured from the tip of the nose to the earlobe and from the earlobe to the xiphoid process

While caring for a patient who has had radical neck surgery, the nurse notices an abnormal amount of serosanguineous secretions in the wound suction unit during the first postoperative day. What does the nurse know is an expected amount of drainage in the wound unit?

approximately 80 to 120 mL

Diagnostic testing of a client with a history of dyspepsia and abdominal pain has resulted in a diagnosis of gastric cancer. The nurse's anticipatory guidance should include what information?

The possibility of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy

The most significant complication related to continuous tube feedings is

The potential for aspiration

A nurse who provides care in an ambulatory clinic integrates basic cancer screening into admission assessments. What client most likely faces the highest immediate risk of oral cancer?

a 65 yr old man w/ alcoholism who smokes