Chapter 5

Which of the following is not one of the criticisms that have been levied against the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

Children who grow up in a bi-lingual family experience a great deal of cognitive dissonance because of the conflicting languages.

This occurs when you presume your listeners have information that they don't have:

Shared knowledge error

Which of the following statements would be true according to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

The distinction between nouns and verbs does not exist in most languages.

according to research, a joke must contain this in order to be considered funny.

an expectancy violation

which of the folloing phrases is an example of doublespeak

collateral damage

the literal, "dictionary" definition of a word is its _ meaning

denotative

saying that someone has been "let go" instead of "fired" is an example of which language behavior?

euphemism

Getting someone to agree to a request by first complimenting them is an example of the social validation tactic.

false

Pennebaker's research shows that verbal communication has little ability to provide comfort and healing.

false

The shared opinion error occurs when one speaker inappropriately dominates the conversation.

false

all language is symbolic, and all symbolic systems constitute language.

false

only false statements can ever qualify as libel.

false

The fact that a smile symbolizes happiness or a thumbs-up gesture indicates a job well done:

have specific meaning that is culturally understoof

which of the following examples illustrates the idea of reclaiming a phrase?

homosexual men referring to one another as "queer"

Which of the following linguistic features was not identified in the textbook as affecting a speaker's credibility?

incorrect diction

regarding libel and slander, which of the following is true

libel only involves statements mad in print

The fact that some phrases from other cultures have no English equivalent illustrates which element of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

linguistic relativity

According to research, women who take their husbands' name when they marry differ in some ways from women who keep their birth name. Which of the following statements is true?

name-keepers have high self-esteem than name changers

the type of language rule deals with the correct pronunciation of words

phonological rule

When Jesse first met Nicolette, he extended his hand and said warmly, "Nice to meet you." In response, Nicolette sighed, rolled her eyes, and simply said, "Yah," in a very sarcastic tone. Jesse inferred that Nicolette was not excited about meeting him based on her reaction. Which rule of language did Jesse likely base his decision on?

pragmatic rule

which of the following statements about slang is not true?

slang is closely tied to young people and gangs

which of the following terms is onomatopoetic?

splash

a structured system of symbols used for creating meaning is known as

symbolic system

To an American, the phrase, "How are you today?" sounds correct whereas the phrase "Today you are how?" sounds incorrect. The second phrase violates which rule of language?

syntactical

An I statement claims ownership of what one is feeling or thinking, whereas a you statement shifts that responsibility to the other person.

true

An allness claim is one in which the speaker intentionally or accidentally misleads the hearer by arguing that everyone else agrees with their position.

true

profanity is highly context-specific

true

slang can serve an important social function by helping people distinguish between those who do and don't belong to their social networks

true

The claim that "4 out of 5" doctors prescribe a certain medication for a headache is an example of what kind of statement?

weasel words

which of the following statements about language and culture is true?

when people speak more than one language, their language use is often accompanied by a shift in cultural values.