chapter 5: dissociative
intact reality testing
people with depersonalization/derealization disorder realize that they are viewing the world in a different reality
selective amnesia
person forgets some elements of a traumatic experience
amnesia
the inability to recall important information and usually occurs after a medical condition or event
neuromodulators
the neuropeptides + neurotransmitters
amnestic episode
the period of time forgotten during amnesia
somatic symptom disorder
the presence of one or more somatic symptoms plus abnormal/excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding the symptoms
dissociative identity disorder (DID)
the presence within a person of two or more distinct personality states, each with its own pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and self (formally known as multiple personality disorder)
identity alteration
over behaviors indicating that one has assumed an alternate identity
alters
the different types of personalities found in dissociative identity disorder patients
examples of dissociative identity disorder
-Christine Costner-Sizemore (Three Faces of Eve) -Sybil
types of dissociative experiences
-depersonalization -derealization -amnesia -identity confusion -identity alteration
symptoms of conversion disorder
-globus -motor symptoms or deficits -sensory deficits -la belle indifference
mutually amnesic
both alters in DID have no awareness of each other
latah
a condition among people from Malaysia in which a person, after being startled by a sound or touch, suddenly falls into a an altered state of consciousness (cultural aspects of dissociative disorders)
somatic symptom and related disorders
a condition defined as the presence of one or more somatic symptoms plus abnormal/excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding the symptoms
factitious disorder imposed on self
a condition in which a person self engages in deceptive practices to produce signs of illness
factitious disorder imposed on another
a condition in which one person induces illness symptoms in someone else
malingering
a condition in which physical symptoms are produced intentionally to avoid military service, criminal prosecution, or work, or to obtain financial compensation or drugs
dissociative fugue
a disorder involving loss of personal identity and memory, often involving a flight from a person' usual place of residence
derealization
a feeling of unfamiliarity or unreality about one's physical or interpersonal environment
conversion disorder
a pseudoneurological complaint such as motor or sensory dysfunction that is not fully explained by the presence of a medical condition
dissociative disorders
a set of disorders characterized by disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment
pseudoseizures
a sudden change in behavior that mimics epileptic seizures but has no organic basis
globus
a symptom of conversion disorder; may include aphonia, sensations of choking, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath, or feelings of suffocation
dissociative amnesia
an inability to recall important information, usually of a personal nature, that follows a stressful or traumatic event
identity confusion
being unclear or conflicted about one's personal identity
Freud
believed that psychological disorders could convert into physical symptoms (conversion disorder)
mutually cognizant
both alters in DID have awareness of each other
la belle indifference
classic symptom of conversion disorder; substantial emotional indifference to the presence of the dramatic physical symptoms a patient is experiencing
one-way amnesic
one alter in DID is aware of the other, but the other is not
localized amnesia
failure to recall events that occur during a certain period of time
depersonalization
feeling of detachment from one's body
depersonalization/derealization disorder
feelings of being detached from one's body or mind, a state of feeling as if one is an external observer of one's own behavior
absorption
fully engaging all perceptual resources on one item so that one is no longer attending to other aspects of the environment
two types of factitious disorder
imposed on self imposed on another
types of amnesia
localized generalized selective
glove anesthesia
loss of sensitivity in the wrist and hand
fugue
meaning flight
post traumatic model of DID
model of DID that believes that DID is a legitimate disorder. Claim that dissociation is a complex form of PTSD and that it is a pathological reaction to stress
sociocognitive model of DID
model of DID that believes that DID is an artifact that results from therapist and media influences; not seen as a legitimate disorder. DID is not a childhood trauma, but people learn to act roles instead and it may be a form of MALINGERING -ex. Ken Bianchi --> the hillside Strangler
pseudoneurological symptoms
sudden changes in behavior without an organic basis
sensory deficits
symptom of conversion disorder: include loss of touch or pain sensations, double vision or blindness, deafness, and hallucinations
motor symptoms or deficits
symptoms of conversion disorder; include impaired coordination or balance, paralysis or weakness, tremor, gait abnormality, abnormal limb posturing, and muscle weakness (most often the leg)
factitious disorder
the condition in which physical or psychological signs or symptoms of illness are intentionally produced in what appears to be a desire to assume a sick role
illness anxiety disorder
the condition of experiencing fears or concerns about having an illness that persists despite medical reassurance
somatic intensification
the tendency to perceive bodily sensations as intense, noxious, and disturbing
iatrogenic
the term describing a disease that may be inadvertently caused by a physician, by a medical or surgical treatment, or by a diagnostic procedure
generalized amnesia
total inability to recall any aspect of one's life
peregrination
when patients seek treatment at different hospitals and sometimes travel from state to state or even country to country under false names