chapter 5: dissociative

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intact reality testing

people with depersonalization/derealization disorder realize that they are viewing the world in a different reality

selective amnesia

person forgets some elements of a traumatic experience

amnesia

the inability to recall important information and usually occurs after a medical condition or event

neuromodulators

the neuropeptides + neurotransmitters

amnestic episode

the period of time forgotten during amnesia

somatic symptom disorder

the presence of one or more somatic symptoms plus abnormal/excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding the symptoms

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

the presence within a person of two or more distinct personality states, each with its own pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and self (formally known as multiple personality disorder)

identity alteration

over behaviors indicating that one has assumed an alternate identity

alters

the different types of personalities found in dissociative identity disorder patients

examples of dissociative identity disorder

-Christine Costner-Sizemore (Three Faces of Eve) -Sybil

types of dissociative experiences

-depersonalization -derealization -amnesia -identity confusion -identity alteration

symptoms of conversion disorder

-globus -motor symptoms or deficits -sensory deficits -la belle indifference

mutually amnesic

both alters in DID have no awareness of each other

latah

a condition among people from Malaysia in which a person, after being startled by a sound or touch, suddenly falls into a an altered state of consciousness (cultural aspects of dissociative disorders)

somatic symptom and related disorders

a condition defined as the presence of one or more somatic symptoms plus abnormal/excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding the symptoms

factitious disorder imposed on self

a condition in which a person self engages in deceptive practices to produce signs of illness

factitious disorder imposed on another

a condition in which one person induces illness symptoms in someone else

malingering

a condition in which physical symptoms are produced intentionally to avoid military service, criminal prosecution, or work, or to obtain financial compensation or drugs

dissociative fugue

a disorder involving loss of personal identity and memory, often involving a flight from a person' usual place of residence

derealization

a feeling of unfamiliarity or unreality about one's physical or interpersonal environment

conversion disorder

a pseudoneurological complaint such as motor or sensory dysfunction that is not fully explained by the presence of a medical condition

dissociative disorders

a set of disorders characterized by disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment

pseudoseizures

a sudden change in behavior that mimics epileptic seizures but has no organic basis

globus

a symptom of conversion disorder; may include aphonia, sensations of choking, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath, or feelings of suffocation

dissociative amnesia

an inability to recall important information, usually of a personal nature, that follows a stressful or traumatic event

identity confusion

being unclear or conflicted about one's personal identity

Freud

believed that psychological disorders could convert into physical symptoms (conversion disorder)

mutually cognizant

both alters in DID have awareness of each other

la belle indifference

classic symptom of conversion disorder; substantial emotional indifference to the presence of the dramatic physical symptoms a patient is experiencing

one-way amnesic

one alter in DID is aware of the other, but the other is not

localized amnesia

failure to recall events that occur during a certain period of time

depersonalization

feeling of detachment from one's body

depersonalization/derealization disorder

feelings of being detached from one's body or mind, a state of feeling as if one is an external observer of one's own behavior

absorption

fully engaging all perceptual resources on one item so that one is no longer attending to other aspects of the environment

two types of factitious disorder

imposed on self imposed on another

types of amnesia

localized generalized selective

glove anesthesia

loss of sensitivity in the wrist and hand

fugue

meaning flight

post traumatic model of DID

model of DID that believes that DID is a legitimate disorder. Claim that dissociation is a complex form of PTSD and that it is a pathological reaction to stress

sociocognitive model of DID

model of DID that believes that DID is an artifact that results from therapist and media influences; not seen as a legitimate disorder. DID is not a childhood trauma, but people learn to act roles instead and it may be a form of MALINGERING -ex. Ken Bianchi --> the hillside Strangler

pseudoneurological symptoms

sudden changes in behavior without an organic basis

sensory deficits

symptom of conversion disorder: include loss of touch or pain sensations, double vision or blindness, deafness, and hallucinations

motor symptoms or deficits

symptoms of conversion disorder; include impaired coordination or balance, paralysis or weakness, tremor, gait abnormality, abnormal limb posturing, and muscle weakness (most often the leg)

factitious disorder

the condition in which physical or psychological signs or symptoms of illness are intentionally produced in what appears to be a desire to assume a sick role

illness anxiety disorder

the condition of experiencing fears or concerns about having an illness that persists despite medical reassurance

somatic intensification

the tendency to perceive bodily sensations as intense, noxious, and disturbing

iatrogenic

the term describing a disease that may be inadvertently caused by a physician, by a medical or surgical treatment, or by a diagnostic procedure

generalized amnesia

total inability to recall any aspect of one's life

peregrination

when patients seek treatment at different hospitals and sometimes travel from state to state or even country to country under false names


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