Chapter 5 LS

NH3

ammonia

When naming a molecular compound, the number of _____ of each element is indicated by a greek numeral prefix. The first element in the name is numbered only when more than ___ atom of that element is present

atoms one

Alkanes are organic compounds that contain the elements ____ and _____.

carbon hydrogen

When naming a binary ionic compound, the _______ is always named first and the _______ second. To name the anion the root of the nonmetal name is added to the suffix -______. The anion o2- is therefore named _______.

cation anion -ide Oxide

Which of the following options are correct names for ionic compounds?

copper (II) oxide potassium chloride

The term molecular mass can be applied to ____ compound since ____ compounds do not consist of molecules. The correct term in this case is ____ mass

covalent ionic formula

The lattice energy of an ionic compound tends to ___ as ionic size increases and tends to ____ as the charge of one or both of the ions increases, although the arrangement of the ions in the solid also plays a role. NaCl will therefore have a ____ lattice energy than NaBr but a ____ lattice energy than Na2O.

decrease increase greater lower

The amount of energy required to separate 1 mole of ions in a crystalline solid into a separate gaseous ions is called ____ energy. This energy provides a measure of the strength of a(n) ____ bond, since the stronger the bond the ____ the amount of energy required to break it.

lattice ionic greater

To draw the lewis dot symbol for an element, first determine the number of _____ electrons by noting the ______ number of the element. Place one ____ for each electron on each of the four sides of the element symbol, pairing them up once each side has an electron.

valence A group dot

H2o

water

Avogadro's Number

(6.022 x 10^23 entities)/ 1 mol

Correctly describe hydrates

-A hydrate contains a specific number of water molecules per formula unit of compound -Heating a hydrate can remove some or all of the water molecules from the compound -A hydrate is named using a Greek prefix to indicate the number of water molecules per unit

Which of the following statements correctly describe how to name acids?

-Binary acids are named using the prefix hydro- -The name of a binary acid contains the nonmetal root with the suffix -ic

Which of the following statements correctly describe how to draw the Lewis dot symbol for a given element?

-One dot is placed on each side of the element symbol before pairing any dot -The group number of a main group element gives the number of valence electrons -The lewis dot symbol includes only the valence electron for the element

Which of the following statements correctly describe the format used to represent an ionic compound?

-Subscripts in the formula for an ionic compound are always reduced to the simplest ratio -The number of atoms/ions in the formula is indicated by a subscripts -In the formula of an ionic compound the cation is always placed first

Consider the formula for the ionic compound Na2O. Which of the following statements correctly interpret this formula?

-The cation in this compound is Na+ -The compound contains 2 Na+ ions for every O2- ion.

Which of the following statements correctly describe molar mass?

-The molar mass is the mass in grams per mole of the substance -The periodic table can be used to calculate the molar mass of any substance

Information necessary to calculate the mass %

-The number of atoms of the element in a molecule or formula unit of the compound -The formula of the compound -The molecular or formula mass of the compound

Which of the following factors affect the magnitude of the lattice energy for an ionic compound?

-The size of the ion -The charges of the ions -The arrangement of the ions in the crystal

Consider the formation of an ionic bond between the elements potassium (K) and chlorine (Cl). Which of the following statements describe this process correctly?

-Total number of electrons lost equals the total number of electrons gained -K loses one electron from its 4s orbital to form a K+ cation -Both the K+ and Cl- ions have full outer shells containing 8 electrons

Which of the following statements correctly describe ionic bonding?

-an ionic bond is the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions -Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from the metal to the nonmetal

The metal cation with the higher charge has the suffix

-ic

The metal cation with the lower charge has the suffix

-ous

Arrange the necessary steps in order for finding the molecular formula of an unknown compound from mass percent data.

1. Assume that the same contains 100.0 g of compound and express each mass percent as a mass in grams 2. Convert the mass of each element to moles of each element 3. Derive the empirical formula looking for the simplest whole-number ratio of moles 4. Divide the molar mass of the compound by the mass of the empirical formula in order to find a multiple that is an integer 5. Multiply each subscript of the empirical formula by the integer multiple

Arrange the following ionic compounds in order of increasing lattice energy (increasing strength of ionic bond), based on general trends in lattice energy. Start with the compound that has the lowest lattice energy at the top

1. CaBr2 2. MgCl2 3. Li2O

Chlorine

Chloride ion

ClO2-

Chlorite

Chlorite

Chlorous Acid

The compound Cu2O is correctly named ______.

Copper (I) oxide

In a given chemical compound, the component _____ are present in _____ proportions by mass, regardless of the source of the compound.

Elements fixed

ClO-

Hypochlorite

The bond typically observed when a metal bonds to a nonmetal is the ____ bond. The metal atom ____ one or more valence electrons while the nonmetal _____ electrons.

Ionic loses gains

C5H12

Pentane

Perchlorate

Perchloric Acid

Phosphate

Phosphoric Acid

Phosphite

Phosphorous Acid

A unit that contains two or more atoms covalently bonded together but that has an overall charge is called a _______ ion. Many _____ compounds contain such units.

Polyatomic Ionic

C3H8

Propane

Se is the lewis dot symbol for selenium. Which of the following options interpret this Lewis symbol correctly?

Se will readily gain 2 valence electrons to form the Se2- ion. Has 6 valence electrons Can form 2 bonds

Match each of the following polyatomic ions

OH- Hydroxide NO2 Nitrite NO3 - Nitrate PO43+ Phosphate NH4+ Ammonium

An ionic compound consists of a three-dimensional array of cations and anions called a _____.

lattice

Place the steps in order for calculating the molar mass of nitrogen gas, starting with the first step at the top

1. Identify that nitrogen exists as N2 and find the atomic mass of nitrogen on the periodic table 2. Multiply the atomic mass of nitrogen by 2 in order to calculate its molecular mass 3. Report the molar mass of nitrogen as 28.02g/mol

The correct formula for the compound dichloride pentoxide is Cl _______ O _______.

2 5

Which of the following provides the correct mathematical operation to calculate the number of molecules in 2.0 mol of CH4

2.0 mol x 6.022 - 10^23 molecules/mole

Which of the following statements correctly defines a molecule?

A molecule is an independent structure consisting of two or more atoms chemically bonded together

C4H10

Butane

Which of the following combinations will result in an ionic compound with a balanced number of positive and negative charges?

Ca2+ and 2 F- 2 Li + and S2 Na+ and Br-

Fluorine

Fluoride ion

HBr

Hydrobromic Acid

Chloride

Hydrochloric Acid

What is the correct name of the ionic compound Li3N?

Lithium nitride

Which of the following options gives the correct procedure to calculate the number of moles of a substance given the mass of a sample?

Mass/Molar Mass

CH4

Methane

Which of the following formulas for ionic compounds are written correctly?

Mg3(Po4)2 CaCo3 NaNo3

Which of the following options gives the correct procedure to calculate the number of mass of a substance given the mass of a sample?

Moles x molar mass

Anions

The ion charge is calculated by subtracting 8 from the group number

Fe 3+ is named

ferric

Fe 2+ is named

ferrous

Formula and molecular masses are calculated using the chemical ______ of the relevant compound and atomic masses obtained from the _____ table. The _____ of the atomic masses in the correct proportions gives the formula or molecular mass of the compound.

formula periodic sum

Each element in a given compound comprises a fixed percent by ____ of the compound. This observation is summarized by the law of definite ______.

mass proportions

The _____ ______ of a substance is the mass per mole of a substance in units of g/mol

molar mass

The _____ formula shows the exact number of atoms of each element in one molecule of compound

molecular

ClO4-

perchlorate

Main-group cations

the ion charge equals the group number

A compound consists of ___ or more different ___ that are chemically bonded together

two elements

A lewis dot symbol consists of an element's symbol, surrounded by dots that represent its _____ electrons.

valence