Chapter 6 Nervous System Test
Epilepsy
Abnormal electrical impulses in the neurons of the brain resulting in seizures
Shingles
Acute inflammation of nerve cells caused by the herpes virus, which also causes chicken pox
Neuron
Basic structural unit of nervous system
Cerebrum
Center of reasoning, thought, memory
Multiple Sclerosis
Chronic, progressive, disabling condition resulting from a degeneration of the myelin sheath in the central nervous system
Nerve
Combination of many nerve fibers outside the brain and spinal cord
Midbrain
Conducts impulses between brain parts and controls some eye reflexes
Cerebellum
Coordinates muscles, balance, and posture
Cerebrovascular Accident
Damage to the brain caused by a blood clot or hemorrhage
Parasympathetic
Decreases blood pressure
Sympathetic
Decreases digestive activity
Parasympathetic
Decreases heart rate
Parasympathetic
Decreases respirations
Cerebral Palsy
Disturbance in involuntary muscle action caused by brain damage
Sympathetic Nervous System
Division of autonomic nervous system that acts in times of emergency
Hydrocephalus
Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles
Ventricles
Hollow spaces located in the brain
Cerebrovascular Accident
Immediate treatment with a thrombolytic drug can restore blood flow
Sympathetic
Increases Heart Rate
Sympathetic
Increases blood pressure
Parasympathetic
Increases digestive activity
Sympathetic
Increases respirations
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain usually caused by a virus, bacterium, or chemical agent
Brain
Mass of nerve tissue protected by skull
Meninge
Membranes covering brain and spinal cord
Central Nervous System, Peripheral Nervous System
Name the two main divisions of the nervous system
Quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremeties
Hemiplegia
Paralysis on one side of the body
Medulla Oblongata
Regulates heartbeat and respiration
Aphasia
Speech and language impairment
True
T/F: A synapse is a space between the axon of a neuron and the dendrites of other neurons
False
T/F: After circulating, cerebrospinal fluid is absorbed into blood vessels by special structures called choroid plexuses
True
T/F: Associative or internuncial nerves carry both sensory and motor messages
True
T/F: Cerebrospinal fluid acts as a shock absorber
False
T/F: Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by the arachnoid villi
True
T/F: Computerized tomography (CT) scans are used to determine the cause of a cerebrovascular accident
False
T/F: Efferent nerves carry messages to the brain and spinal cord
False
T/F: Neurons contain several axons to carry impulses to a cell body.
False
T/F: Parkinson's disease can be treated by the surgical implantation of a shunt
False
T/F: Some of the spinal nerves are responsible for special senses such as sight, hearing, taste, and smell
False
T/F: Special chemicals, called neuroprotective agents, allow nerve impulses to pass from one neuron to another neuron
True
T/F: The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord
False
T/F: The dura mater contains blood vessels to nourish the nerve tissue of the brain
True
T/F: The medulla oblongata connects the brain with the spinal cord
False
T/F: The myelin sheath insulates an axon to decrease the rate of impulse transmission
False
T/F: The peripheral nervous system consists of 31 pairs of cranial nerves and 12 pairs of spinal nerves
True
T/F: The spinal cord ends at the first or second lumbar vertebrae
False
T/F: The thalamus regulates and controls temperature, appetite, water balance, and sleep
False
T/F: The thick, tough outer meinge is the pia mater
True
T/F: Usually the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems work together to maintain homeostasis in the body
