Chapter 8 Quiz

A virus is described as entering the host cell by fusion and the viral genome is immediately translated into new viral proteins. Following genome replication in the cytoplasm, new virions are assembled in the cytoplasm and continuously bud from the host to spread the infection. Based on this information, describe the basic characteristics of this virus. A. Naked nucleocapsid with ss (-) RNA genome B. Naked nucleocapsid virus with ds DNA genome C. Enveloped virus with ss DNA genome D. Enveloped virus with ss (+) sense RNA genome

Enveloped virus with ss (+) sense RNA genome

A lysogenic cycle can be switched to a lytic cycle under all of the following conditions EXCEPT: A. Exposure to UV radiation B. Favorable host cell conditions C. Reduced host cell nutrition D. exposure to specific chemicals

Favorable host cell conditions

Indicate the correct order of the viral replication cycle. A. adsorption, biosynthesis, penetration, release, self-assembly B. adsorption, biosynthesis, penetration, self-assembly, release C. adsorption, penetration, biosynthesis, release, self-assembly D. adsorption, penetration, biosynthesis, self-assembly, release

adsorption, penetration, biosynthesis, self-assembly, release

Prions exclusively infect ________ but viroids exclusively infect ____. A. plants, animals B. animals, plants C. bacteria, plants D. plants, viruses

animals, plants

The most complicated viral morphology belongs to the infectious particles that primarily infect ________. A. plants B. protists C. bacteria D. animals

bacteria

Negative sense RNA viruses have genetic material that is ________. A. the same reading structure as mRNA B. complementary to mRNA C. converted to DNA before it can be used as RNA to make viral proteins D. read as double stranded DNA

complementary to mRNA

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects only human cells and causes AIDS. This virus is similar to the Feline Immunodeficiency virus which only infects cat cells. This selective infectivity is an example of: A. host selection B. host range C. selective cytopathology D. tissue tropism

host range

Most of the viruses with DNA as their nucleic acid replicate in the host's ________ but most of the viruses with RNA as their nucleic acid replicate in the host's ________.. A. nuclear membrane, cytoplasm B. plasma membrane, cytosol C. cytosol, nucleus D. nucleus, cytosol

nucleus, cytosol

Sometimes proviruses can convert normal cells into malignant cells. Viruses that cause this malignancy are referred to as ________. A. protoviruses B. oncoviruses C. retroviruses D. prophages

oncoviruses

AIDS is a lifelong infection due to HIV a retrovirus because ________. A. newly made HIV viruses are unable to be released by budding B. newly made HIV viruses acquire an envelope made from the host cell plasma membrane C. reverse transcriptase converts RNA genome of HIV into DNA D. the DNA version of the HIV genome is inserted into the host cell's genetic material

the DNA version of the HIV genome is inserted into the host cell's genetic material

Which of the following put the objects in decreasing order regarding their size? A. white blood cell, tick, bacterium, virus, atom B. tick, white blood cell, bacterium, virus, atom C. atom, virus, bacterium white blood cell, tick D. white blood cell, tick, virus, bacterium, atom

tick, white blood cell, bacterium, virus, atom

Amantadine blocks the release of the viral genome upon uptake into the cells by endocytosis. Therefore amantadine MOST LIKELY blocks the step of the virus replication cycle referred to as ________. A. biosynthesis B. adsorption C. uncoating D. release

uncoating

Which of the following is the LEAST scientific way to classify viruses? A. how many proteins make up the capsid B. whether the genome is RNA or DNA C. what type of infection the virus causes [eg. cold-like symptoms, diarrhea or hepatitis] D. the overall shape of the virus

what type of infection the virus causes [eg. cold-like symptoms, diarrhea or hepatitis]

Which of the following statements accurately describes a viral envelope? A. Enveloped viruses generally exit the host cell by lysis. B. The presence of an envelope influences viral entry and exit strategies. C. The envelope helps protect viruses exposed to heat and/or detergents. D. The envelope is only found on RNA viruses.

The presence of an envelope influences viral entry and exit strategies.

A virus is inactivated upon exposure to ether, a lipid solvent. Which of the following is the BEST explanation for this observation? A. The virus contains a DNA genome which is destroyed by the ether thus rendering the virus non-infectious. B. The virus is naked and the ether destroyed the capsid thus rendering the virus non-infectious. C. The virus is mutated by the ether and no longer infectious. D. The virus is enveloped which is destroyed by the ether and the virus is rendered non-infectious.

The virus is enveloped which is destroyed by the ether and the virus is rendered non-infectious.