Chapter 9
RNA polymerase
- unwinds the DNA so that transcription can take place - synthesizes an RNA molecule from DNA template
regulatory and structural
2 components of an operon include the __ region & the __ gene sequences
double
The DNA of a chromosome is __ stranded
origin of replication
The place where DNA replication is initiated
repressor
The protein which is capable of stopping the output of product encoded by the lac operon is called a(n)
Adenine
Uracil, the nitrogenous base unique to RNA molecules, pairs with the nitrogenous base
vanA and transposon
Vancomycin-resistant enterici (VRE) arise when, through genetic transfer, a MRSA strain acquires the __ operon located within a __
proofreading/repair and building the DNA chain
What are DNA polymerases responsible for?
messenger, transfer, and ribosomal
What are the 3 types of RNA that are directly involved in making protein?
corepressor
What binds to an inactive repressor to make an active repressor?
heredity
What is another term for genetics?
replication
What must occur prior to cell division to ensure that each new cell has a complete set of DNA chromosome(s)?
Introns
Which DNA sequences are found within a gene but do not encode the protein specified by that gene?
regulatory region and structural genes
Which are components of an operon in a sequence of DNA?
DNA encodes RNA which encodes protein
Which best describes the flow of genetic information in a cell?
initiation, elongation, and termination
Which is the correct order of events when a protein is made in the process of translation, starting with the first event?
ribose
Which is the correct order of events when a protein is made in the process of translation, starting with the first event?
Uracil
Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not found in DNA?
deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
Which of the following are parts of a nucleotide in DNA?
dRNA
Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA
deoxyribose
Which pentose sugar is found in DNA?
Ribose
Which pentose sugar is found in RNA?
Genome
Which term represents all of the genetic information within a cell?
Triplet
Which term, synonymous with codon, describes a trinucleotide sequence coding an amino acid in DNA?
replication
during semiconservative __ the DNA is duplicated prior to binary fission
semiconservative replication
each new DNA helix contains 1 parent strand & 1 newly synthesized strand
triplet or codon
is a sequence of 3 nucleotides in DNA that encodes an amino acid.
genome
the complete set of chromosomes & genes in an organism is referred to as the
Polymerase
the enzymes responsible for building the DNA strand, proofreading newly produced DNA strands, & removing the RNA primer are DNA __ 1 & 3
DNA and RNA
the flow of genetic information in a cell is a process starting with __ which encodes __ which encodes protein
semiconservative replication
the newly made double helices are composed of one parent template & one newly synthesized strand as a result of ?
uracil
the nitrogenous base thymine is only found in DNA, while __ is only found in RNA
Deoxyribose
the pentose sugar is found in __
origin
the site on a chromosome where DNA replication begins is called the __ of replication
DNA polymerase 3
this is the main enzyme responsible for building the DNA strand during DNA replication
building the DNA chain
DNA polymerase III is responsible for:
1
DNA polymerase __ is involved mostly with removing the primers & repairing damaged DNA
3
DNA polymerase ______ is the main enzyme involved in the building of the new DNA chain
Introns
DNA sequences found within a gene that do not encode the protein corresponding to the gene are
Heredity
Genetic inheritance in microorganisms is best defined by which term?
Uracil
In RNA, which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine?
2
In a chromosome, the DNA is composed of ______ strands.
environmental and development
In eukaryotic cells, gene expression is regulated in response to __ stimuli such as nutrient & toxin levels, & also during growth & __
a transposon containing the vanA operon
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain produces vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) with the gene transfer of
Nucleotide
The basic unit of DNA structure is a(n):
nucleotides
The building blocks of DNA structure are
repressor
The feature of the lac operon that is capable of stopping the activity of the operon is a(n)
RNA polymerase
The main enzyme responsible for transcription is:
corepressor
an inactive repressor binds to a __ to make an active repressor
