Chapter 9

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RNA polymerase

- unwinds the DNA so that transcription can take place - synthesizes an RNA molecule from DNA template

regulatory and structural

2 components of an operon include the __ region & the __ gene sequences

double

The DNA of a chromosome is __ stranded

origin of replication

The place where DNA replication is initiated

repressor

The protein which is capable of stopping the output of product encoded by the lac operon is called a(n)

Adenine

Uracil, the nitrogenous base unique to RNA molecules, pairs with the nitrogenous base

vanA and transposon

Vancomycin-resistant enterici (VRE) arise when, through genetic transfer, a MRSA strain acquires the __ operon located within a __

proofreading/repair and building the DNA chain

What are DNA polymerases responsible for?

messenger, transfer, and ribosomal

What are the 3 types of RNA that are directly involved in making protein?

corepressor

What binds to an inactive repressor to make an active repressor?

heredity

What is another term for genetics?

replication

What must occur prior to cell division to ensure that each new cell has a complete set of DNA chromosome(s)?

Introns

Which DNA sequences are found within a gene but do not encode the protein specified by that gene?

regulatory region and structural genes

Which are components of an operon in a sequence of DNA?

DNA encodes RNA which encodes protein

Which best describes the flow of genetic information in a cell?

initiation, elongation, and termination

Which is the correct order of events when a protein is made in the process of translation, starting with the first event?

ribose

Which is the correct order of events when a protein is made in the process of translation, starting with the first event?

Uracil

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not found in DNA?

deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base

Which of the following are parts of a nucleotide in DNA?

dRNA

Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA

deoxyribose

Which pentose sugar is found in DNA?

Ribose

Which pentose sugar is found in RNA?

Genome

Which term represents all of the genetic information within a cell?

Triplet

Which term, synonymous with codon, describes a trinucleotide sequence coding an amino acid in DNA?

replication

during semiconservative __ the DNA is duplicated prior to binary fission

semiconservative replication

each new DNA helix contains 1 parent strand & 1 newly synthesized strand

triplet or codon

is a sequence of 3 nucleotides in DNA that encodes an amino acid.

genome

the complete set of chromosomes & genes in an organism is referred to as the

Polymerase

the enzymes responsible for building the DNA strand, proofreading newly produced DNA strands, & removing the RNA primer are DNA __ 1 & 3

DNA and RNA

the flow of genetic information in a cell is a process starting with __ which encodes __ which encodes protein

semiconservative replication

the newly made double helices are composed of one parent template & one newly synthesized strand as a result of ?

uracil

the nitrogenous base thymine is only found in DNA, while __ is only found in RNA

Deoxyribose

the pentose sugar is found in __

origin

the site on a chromosome where DNA replication begins is called the __ of replication

DNA polymerase 3

this is the main enzyme responsible for building the DNA strand during DNA replication

building the DNA chain

DNA polymerase III is responsible for:

1

DNA polymerase __ is involved mostly with removing the primers & repairing damaged DNA

3

DNA polymerase ______ is the main enzyme involved in the building of the new DNA chain

Introns

DNA sequences found within a gene that do not encode the protein corresponding to the gene are

Heredity

Genetic inheritance in microorganisms is best defined by which term?

Uracil

In RNA, which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine?

2

In a chromosome, the DNA is composed of ______ strands.

environmental and development

In eukaryotic cells, gene expression is regulated in response to __ stimuli such as nutrient & toxin levels, & also during growth & __

a transposon containing the vanA operon

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain produces vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) with the gene transfer of

Nucleotide

The basic unit of DNA structure is a(n):

nucleotides

The building blocks of DNA structure are

repressor

The feature of the lac operon that is capable of stopping the activity of the operon is a(n)

RNA polymerase

The main enzyme responsible for transcription is:

corepressor

an inactive repressor binds to a __ to make an active repressor


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